Pituitary Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are the two parts of the pituitary gland?
Anterior and posterior
What is the adenohypophis?
Anterior pituitary
What is the neurohypophis?
Posterior pituitary
Where is the anterior pituitary derived from?
Oral ectoderm - rathke pouch aka craniopharyngeal duct.
Where is the posterior pituitary derived from?
Neuroectoderm - evagination of ventral hypothalamus
What three families of hormones does the anterior pituitary secrete?
Glycoprotein hormones
ACTH
GH and Prolaction
What are the glycoprotein hormones/what is their structure?
LH, FSH, TSH. Alpha subunits same, beta subunit differentiates.
What other hormone in the body shares an alpha subunit with LH, FSH, and TSH?
hCG.
What is ACTH derived form?
Large molecule POMC.
What is MSH? Where is it secreted from?
melanotropin; intermediate lobe of pituitary.
Which AP hormones are acidophils?
GH and prolactin. These molecules are similar in structure and can both activate the prolactin receptor.
Which AP hormones are basophils?
LH, FSH, TSH, ACTH
What does the posterior pituitary secrete?
vasopressin (ADH) and oxytocin
Where are the hormones secreted by the posterior pit made? How do they get to the posterior pituitary?
Both made in hypothalamus.
ADH - supraoptic nucleus
Oxytocin - paraventricular nucleus
What cell types does the endocrine pancreas have?
Islets of langerhans are collections of alpha, beta and delta endocrine cells - they arise from pancreatic buds
What does each type of endocrine pancreatic cell secrete? Where are they located?
alpha - glucagon (peripheral)
beta - insulin (central)
delta - somatostatin - interspersed
