Pituitary Adenomas

Question 1

What are the 3 most common pituitary adenomas? What do they secrete?

Answer 1

Lactotroph - prolactin
Somatotroph - GH, which stimulates IGF-1
Corticotroph - ACTH

Question 2

What’s the most common cause of hyperpituitarism?

Answer 2

Adenoma of AP

Question 3

What mutations predict an aggressive behavior for an adenoma?

Answer 3

Cyclin D1
TP53
RB

Question 4

What’s most commonly mutated in pituitary adenomas?

Answer 4

G-proteins

Question 5

What are the inheritance genes found in 5% of pituitary adenomas?

Answer 5

MEN1
CDKN1B
PRKAR1A
AIP

Question 6

Are pituitary adenomas typically benign or malignant?

Answer 6

70% benign

30% aggressive

Question 7

Which adenoma can present as a “pituitary stone”?

Answer 7

Lactotroph Adenoma

Question 8

Which pituitary adenoma presents w/ “sausage fingers”?

Answer 8

Somatotroph Adenoma

Question 9

Which pituitary adenoma causes Cushing Syndrome?

Answer 9

Corticotroph Adenoma

Question 10

What’s Nelson syndrome?

Answer 10

Occurs post-adrenal removal

• no neg fb to the pituitary
• microadenoma then grows to macroadenoma
• macroadenoma causes mass effects
• MSK-induced hyperpigmentation

Question 11

What’s the different between Cushing dx and syndrome?

Answer 11

Dx = non-neoplastic
Syndrome = Corticotroph adenoma

Question 12

Lactotrophs are associated w/ what sex?

Answer 12

Female

Question 13

What mutation is associated w/ Somatotroph Adenoma?

Answer 13

GNAS (G-protein)