Planet Earth Section 3 and 4

Question 1

1910 Alfred Wegner’s theory

Answer 1

At one point the continents were all one.

Question 2

Pangea

Answer 2

Supercontinent

Question 3

Continental drift theory evidence

Name at least 1

Try to name all

Answer 3

1.Landform - continents matching shape
2.fossil - animals and plants can’t cross oceans
3. Mountain - similar rock layers
4. Glacial - matching deep scratches of same age
5. Minerals from one area found in a completely different area

Question 4

Seismographs

Answer 4

Measures the force of an earthquake

Question 5

Trenches

Answer 5

Distinctive deep valleys under the ocean near edges of continents

Question 6

Ridges

Answer 6

Long underwater mountain ranges

Question 7

The ridges near the crust were

Answer 7

Thin and young

Question 8

Crust was being made by

Answer 8

Oceanic ridges

Question 9

The crust was moving down into

Answer 9

Trenches

Question 10

The crust exists in large plates called

Answer 10

Plate techtonics

Question 11

Most earthquakes and volcanoes

Answer 11

Are concentrated on specific areas

Question 12

Lithosphere broken up into large areas called

Answer 12

Plates

Question 13

The plates are

Answer 13

Slow moving

Question 14

Convection Currents of magma

Answer 14

Push and pull the plates

Question 15

When plates slide past each other they create

Answer 15

Earthquake fault zones

Question 16

Deep trenches are formed by

Answer 16

subduction zones

Question 17

Fold mountains occur when

Answer 17

2 continental plates collide

Question 18

Converging Plate techtonics can form

Answer 18

Mountains

Question 19

because of the huge amount a force when these plates collide

Answer 19

some rocks may collide creating a folded mountain

Question 20

Upfolds

Answer 20

anticlines

Question 21

downfolds

Answer 21

synaclines

Question 22

faults form in mountains like faults in the

Answer 22

crust

Question 23

if the techtonic plates break

Answer 23

the world will expload

Question 24

Alberta’s Rocky Mountains are located far from the

Answer 24

converging Pacific Ocean Plate and the North American Plate

Question 25

a mountain is a natural

Answer 25

elevation of the earth's crust

Question 26

Alberta's mountains were formed by

Answer 26

the collision of the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate.

Question 27

volcanoes

Answer 27

formed by cooling lava from volcanic eruption.

Question 28

Fold Mountains

Answer 28

formed by the collision of two tectonic plates causing compression of the crust.

Question 29

Folds

Answer 29

bends formed in the rock once it is softened by pressure and heat due to friction

Question 30

Dome Mountains

Answer 30

the result of a great amount of magma pushing its way up under the earth’s crust

Question 31

Fault block mountains

Answer 31

formed when fault or cracks in the earth’s crust force some materials or blocks of rock up and others down

Question 32

Fossils

Answer 32

remains or Impressions left by a once living organism preserved in rocks

Question 33

Paleontologists

Answer 33

scientists who study prehistoric life such as fossils.

Question 34

The first step in how a fossil is forrmed

Answer 34

Animals buried by sediment, layer of sediment stops bones from rotting.

Question 35

The second step in how a fossil is forrmed

Answer 35

More sediment layers accumulate above the animals remains, minerals slowly replace the calcium phosphate in

Question 36

The 3rd step in how a fossil is formed

Answer 36

Movement of tectonic plates or giant rock slabs that make up the earth's surface lifts up the sediment and pushes the fossil closer to the surface.

Question 37

The 4th step in how a fossil is formed

Answer 37

Erosion from wind,rain, and rivers wears away at the remaining rock layers. Eventually people digging or erosion will reveal the fossil.

Question 38

True form fossil

Answer 38

fossil of actual remains like bones

Question 39

trace fossil

Answer 39

evidence of living like footprints

Question 40

mould fossil

Answer 40

remains broken down only cavitie remains

Question 41

cast fossil

Answer 41

a mould filled with sediment

Question 42

Relative age

Answer 42

indicates that one layer is older or younger than another ​layer. Does not tell the exact age of rock.

Question 43

Principle of superposition

Answer 43

says that a sedimentary rock layer(strata) is younger than the one beneath it and older than the one above it.

Question 44

you might find an older rock on a younger one due

Answer 44

to weathering and erosion

Question 45

We often use --------- to give us a better idea of identifying certain time periods. They are often marine animals.

Answer 45

index fossils

Question 46

Radiocarbon dating

Answer 46

can get a more precise measurement of the fossils' age

Question 47

Lead-uranium dating

Answer 47

up to 4.5 billion years, can be used for older fossils

Question 48

Geologists have based these eras on the sequence of

Answer 48

rock strata

Question 49

Earths first form

Answer 49

Circling gases (4.6 billion years ago)

Question 50

Earths second form

Answer 50

Atmosphere gases form

Question 51

Earths 3rd form

Answer 51

rivers of red-hot lava

Question 52

earths 4th form

Answer 52

Solid Rock crust ( 4 billion years ago)

Question 53

earths 5th form

Answer 53

Surface water and first life forms (3.8 billion years ago).

Question 54

earths 6th form

Answer 54

Earth Today

Question 55

Era's in order

Answer 55

1.Precambrian Era 2.Paleozoic Era 3.Meszonic Era 4.Cezononic Era

Question 56

At least one fact about precambrian era

Answer 56

4600 to 600 millions of years ago * formation of Earth * first simple organisms (bacteria) * first soft-bodied animals (no vertebrae)

Question 57

At least on fact about paleozonic era

Answer 57

600 to 225 millions of years ago * first reptiles * first large land animals (amphibians—frogs) * first insects * first large land plants * first fish with jaws

Question 58

At least on fact about Meszonic era

Answer 58

225 to 65 millions of years ago * dinosaurs rule and then become extinct * first flowering plants * first birds and mammals

Question 59

At least on fact about Cenozoic era

Answer 59

65 millions of years ago to present day * appearance of most modern species * many more species of mammals * first grasses * first human-like species (about 2–3 millions of years ago)

Question 60

whats the current era

Answer 60

Cenozoic era

Question 61

Fossils are the only evidence scientists have of

Answer 61

early life forms.

Question 62

Palaeontologists use fossil evidence to help them develop

Answer 62

theories about prehistoric life

Question 63

The Burgess Shale

Answer 63

A unique layer of sedimentary rock that has preserved soft tissue fossils of many species

Question 64

what conditions are needed for the burguess shale

Answer 64

- fine sediments - quick burial - lack of oxygen for bacterial decomposers