Planning

Question 1

stages of planning process (5)

Answer 1

1. awareness
2. gathering and analyzing data
3. forming a plan
4. implementing the plan
5. evaluating the plan

Question 2

what affects planning (4)

Answer 2

• time, stress
• situation factors
• personal traits and characteristics
• personality factors

Question 3

time and stress (4)

Answer 3

• planning takes time
• reduces/increases stress
• often plan too far ahead, so situational changes can cause stress
• motivated by want, need, or goal

Question 4

situational factors (4)

Answer 4

• physical or social surroundings
• time
• task
• task saturation

Question 5

task saturation

Answer 5

• people too busy and cannot plan effectively

Question 6

personal traits, characteristics

Answer 6

• personality

- affects way info is gathered and processed

Question 7

introvert personality (2)

Answer 7

• think about selves first

- don’t seek outside help

Question 8

extrovert personality (2)

Answer 8

• interested in others

- ask questions when they need help

Question 9

personality factors (3)

Answer 9

• expertise: ability to perform tasks
• motivation: activity directed goal/objective
• persistence: staying power

Question 10

proactive

Answer 10

• accept responsibility for own decisions

Question 11

reactive

Answer 11

• overly affected by outside forces

Question 12

what is a plan (2)

Answer 12

• a series of decisions concerning future standards and sequences in action
• detailed schema, program, strategy, or method worked out beforehand for the accomplishment of a desired end result

Question 13

attributes of a plan (6)

Answer 13

• clear
• flexible
• realistic
• adaptive
• appropriate
• goal directed

Question 14

types of plans (3)

Answer 14

• directional
• contingency: backup plan
• strategic

Question 15

standard setting (2)

Answer 15

• matching resources with demands

- quality and quantity criteria

Question 16

sequencing (3)

Answer 16

• how activities or events are ordered
• can be independent or interdependent
• dovetailing/multitasking or overlapping activities

Question 17

implementing (2)

Answer 17

• actuating

- controlling

Question 18

implementing: actuating (2)

Answer 18

• puts plans into action

- done by the planner, other family members, machines, or outside agencies

Question 19

implementing: controlling (2)

Answer 19

• check one’s course of action

- adjust plan as needed

Question 20

blocks to successful implementation (6)

Answer 20

• other people
• costs or restrictions
• competition (others have better plans)
• crisis
• procrastination; lack of motivation
• close mindedness

Question 21

evaluating

Answer 21

• process of judging/examining the cost, value, worth of plan or decision based on criteria as standards, met demands, or goals

Question 22

what is assessed during evaluating (4)

Answer 22

• changes in resources
• achieved goals
• met demands
• satisfaction/dissatisfaction

Question 23

planning abilities (2)

Answer 23

• vary

- can be increased with experience and practice

Question 24

planning for time and money (2)

Answer 24

• plan more for short run than long run

- plan for use of time more than money

Question 25

planning for those who like it/use it often (2)

Answer 25

- use props: calendars, maps, lists | - have positive associations with it, such as competence and security

Question 26

what is the use of grocery shopping lists (3)

Answer 26

- ensure requirements - controls shopping process - controls expenditures

Question 27

why don't some use grocery lists (7)

Answer 27

- list in memory - use store offering to prompt - cannot be bothered - no budget constraints - lists don't work for them - no hassle to return if something is forgotten - choose special items

Question 28

process

Answer 28

- system of operations that work together to produce an end result

Question 29

Gresham's law of planning (2)

Answer 29

- when a system becomes so caught up in everyday activities and crisis that they have no time to plan - this is because planning takes time and motivation when both are normally in short supply

Question 30

expertise

Answer 30

- ability to perform tasks successfully and dependably

Question 31

scheduling

Answer 31

- specification of sets of time bounded projected activities which are sufficient for the achievement or a desired goal set

Question 32

overlapping activites

Answer 32

- involve combination of activities that require intermittent/concurrent attention

Question 33

directional plans

Answer 33

- progress along a linear path to long-term goal fulfillment

Question 34

contingency plan

Answer 34

- backup or secondary plans to be used i case an initial plan doesn't work

Question 35

strategic plan

Answer 35

- directional + proactive search for new opportunities + reactive solution to existing problem

Question 36

assessment

Answer 36

- gathering of information about results, the comparison of those results and past results, and the open discussion of the meaning of those results, the ways they have been gathered, and their implications