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Principle of management > Planning > Flashcards

Planning Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the purpose of planning

A

help deal with uncertainty,both for the organization and for individual career

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2
Q

what are the three different possible career paths

A

linear ,steady spiral

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3
Q

what is planning?

A

coping with uncertainty by formulating future courses of action to achieve specified results.
-setting goals and deciding how to achieve them.

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4
Q

what does planning and strategic management do

A

establish the organizations mission and vision formula the grand strategy formulate the strategic plans then the tactical and operational plans implement the strategic plans control the strategy

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5
Q

planning requires us to what

A

planning requires you to set aside the time to do it you may have to make some decisions without a lot of time to plan

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6
Q

how does planning helps us

A

helps you check on your progress helps you coordinate activities helps you think ahead helps you cope with uncertainty

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7
Q

what are a social media crisis management plan all marketers can follow

A

separate logic from emotion address the issue directly screenshot everything add negative keyword filters archived images on Instagram

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8
Q

what are the four basic strategic types

A

prospectors reactors analyzers and defenders

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9
Q

what are defenders experts at

A

experts at producing and selling narrowly defined products or services

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10
Q

defenders tend not to stick what

A

they tend not to seek opportunities outside their present market

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11
Q

what are prospectors focus on

A

focus on developing new products and in seeking out new markets rather than waiting for things to happen

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12
Q

what is linear careers

A

move up the organization in a series of jobs

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13
Q

what is declining career

A

in which a person reaches a certain level and then after a time begins descending back to the lower levels

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14
Q

what is the steady state career

A

comfortable with a certain occupation and you stay with it

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15
Q

what is the spiral career

A

holding different jobs that build on one another

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16
Q

what are the three types of uncertainty

A

state
effect
response

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17
Q

what process that involves managers from all parts of organizations

A

strategic management

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18
Q

a company described as aggressive is often what organization

A

prospector organization

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19
Q

reactor is opposite to what

A

passive and reactive

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20
Q

who introduced the adaptive cycle

A

Miles and Snow

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21
Q

who are analyzers

A

let other organizations take the risk of product development and marketing then imitate or perhaps lightly improve what seems to work best

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22
Q

who are reactors

A

make adjustments only when finally forced to by environmental pressures

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23
Q

what are the three kinds of business problem

A

entrepreneurial
engineering
administrative

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24
Q

what are the process of making plans

A 
mission statement
vision statement
strategic planning
tactical planning
operational planning
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25
planning consists of translating what
an organisation's mission into objectives
26
what is organizations purpose express as?and what it becomes express as?
purpose-mission statement | becomes-vision statement
27
question 'what is our reason for being' is for what statement
mission
28
question 'what do we want to become' for what statement
vision
29
what is mission
expresses the purpose of the organization
30
what is vision
long term goals describing "what" an organisation wants to become clear sense of the future and the actions needed to get there
31
what are the three types of planning for three levels of management
strategic planning-top manager tactical planning-middle manager operational planning- first line manager
32
strategic planning is determined by who
top manager
33
technical planning is determined by who
middle managers
34
operational planning is determined by who
first line managers
35
durations for every itch of types of planning
SP- for the next 1-5 years TP-for the next 6-24 months OP- for the next 1-52 weeks
36
what is goals
specific commitment to achieve a measurable result within a stated period
37
goals is known as what
objectives
38
strategic goals and tactical goals is set by who
SG-top manager | TG-middle manager
39
operational goals is set by who
first-line manager
40
what does the abbreviation smart means
``` Specific Measurable Attainable Results-oriented Target dates ```
41
what does strategic planning determine and requires
determine what the organization's long term goals should be for the next 1-5years with the resources they expect to have available. requires visionary and directional thinking
42
what does tactical planning determine
determine what contributions their department or similar work units can make with their given resources
43
what does the operational planning determine
determine how to accomplish specific tasks with available resources within the next 1-52 weeks
44
managers in top level need to be what
need to pay attention to environment outside the organization, be future oriented, deal with uncertain and highly competitive conditions
45
middle management have to implement what
implement policies and plans of top management
46
goals are arranged in hierarchy known as what
means-end chain
47
what does means end chain mean
in the chain of Management the accomplishment of low-level goals is the means leading to the accomplishment of high level goals or ends.
48
strategic goals focus on what
focus on objectives for the organization as a whole
49
operational goals concerned with what
concerned with short-term matters associated with realizing tactical goals
50
tactical goals focus on what
focus on action needed to achieve strategic goals
51
what are the relationship between goal difficulty and performance
/ committed individuals with adequate ability - committed individuals who are working at capacity \ Individuals who lack commitment to high goals
52
what is the purpose of goals
to achieve a measurable result within the stated period
53
what is action plan
the course of action needed to achieve the stated goal
54
what is operating plan
typically designed for a 1 year period, defines how you will conductyour business based on the action plan, it identifies clear targets such as revenue, cash flow and market share
55
what is standing plan
plans developed for activities that occur repeatedly over a period of time
56
what does standing plan consist of
policies procedures rules
57
what is policy
a standing plan that outlines the general response to a designated problem or situation
58
what is procedure
a standing plan that outline the response to particular problems or circumstances
59
what is rule
a standing plan that designateds specific required action
60
what is single use plans
a plan developed dor activities that are not likely to be repeated in the future
61
what are the difference between program and project
program- a range of projects | project- less scope and complexity than a program
62
what are MBO stands for
Management By Objectives
63
what are the four steps of MBO
1. Manager and employees jointly set objectives 2. Manager develop action plan 3. manager and employees periodically review performance 4. manager gives performance appraisal and rewards to employee according to results.
64
what are the three types of objectives in MBO
Improvement Personal Maintenance
65
what are the purpose and examples of improvement objectives
purpose-express performance to be accomplished in a specific way for a specific area eg. reduce food spoilage by 15%
66
what are the purpose and example of personal development objective
purpose express personal goals to be realized | eg. attend 5 days of leadership training
67
what are the duration for operating plan
1 year
68
operating plans usually identifies what
clear targets such as revenue cash flow and market share
69
a rule allowed no room for what
for interpretation
70
what are the two types of single use plan
project and program
71
who suggested the management by objectives and when was it suggested s
suggested by Peter drucker in 1954
72
what are the purpose of MBO
to motivate rather than control subordinates
73
it's important to have what to make the objectives practicable
It's necessary to have back and forth negotiation
74
what are the result from research about joint participation
impels people to set more difficult goals- to raise the level of aspirations which may have a positive effect on their performance
75
the objectives should be expressed in what
writing and should be SMART
76
what are the purpose and example of maintenance objectives
purpose-express the intention to maintain performance at previously established level eg. continue to meet the increased sales goals specified last quarter
77
what is cascading objectives
3 things have to happen: 1. Top management must be committed 2. It must be applied organization-wide 3. Objectives must "cascade" - objectives are structured in unified hierarchy, becoming more specific at lower levels
78
what are the planning control cycle
1. Make the plan 2. Carry oyt the plan 3. control the direstions by comparing the results of the plan 4. Contol the directions by taking corrective actions in 2 ways - correcting deviation - improving future plans
79
what do the four step planning control cycle helps us
keep in control
80
the planning control cycle make sure what
you're headed in the right direction
81
what are the two ways in corrective action
correcting deviations | improving future plan
82
why does frequent communication necessary
so that everyone will know how well he or she is doing in meeting the objectives
83
during meeting manager should give employee what
feedback
84
objectives should be
should be updated and revised
85
what does MBO viewed as
learning process
86
what are the importance of deadline
``` help concentrate focus paying attention to details ignore unnecessary most important- realizing goals on time and on budget ```
87
what does deadline provides
provide a mechanism for giving ourselves feedback

Principle of management (5 decks)

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