Plant

Question 1

Flower

Answer 1

Flower is for reproduction
• It makes seeds
• It contains male and female sex organs

Question 2

Leaf

Answer 2

Makes food for the plant (photosynthesis)
• Cools the plant when water vapour passes through it
• Allows the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen
• Leaf stores food

Question 3

Fruit

Answer 3

Protectsseeds
• Provides food for seeds

Question 4

The bud

Answer 4

Allows new leaves and flowers to grow

Question 5

Stem

Answer 5

The stem allows the transport of food, water and minerals around the plant
• It also supports the plant and holds it upright
• Stems store food

Question 6

Roots

Answer 6

Anchor and support
• Take in water and nutrients
• Store food

Question 7

Transpiration

Answer 7

Transpiration is the loss of water vapour from the stomata of the leaves

Question 8

Stomata

Answer 8

The stomata are little holes on the underside of the leaves.

Question 9

Transpiration stream

Answer 9

The flow of water from the roots, up through the plant, and out the leaves is called the transpiration stream

Question 10

Xylem

Answer 10

Water is absorbed up through the roots, and travels to the leaves and the tips of the plant through the xylem

Question 11

Phloem

Answer 11

Food from the leaves travels to other parts of the plant in the phloem

Question 12

Flower (sexual reproduction)

Answer 12

The flower is the sexual reproduction organ of the plant
• Male cells called pollen are made here
• Female cells called egg cells are made here

Question 13

Ovary

Answer 13

Ovary: makes the egg or ovule

Question 14

Stigma

Answer 14

Stigma: pollen lands and sticks to it

Question 15

Style

Answer 15

Style: makes a tube for the pollen (male gamete) to travel down to the egg (female gamete)

Question 16

Pollination

Answer 16

Pollination is the transfer of the pollen from the stamen (anther) of one plant to the carpel (stigma) of another
• There are 2 types
• Insectpollination
• Windpollination

Question 17

Sepal

Answer 17

Sepal: protects the flower before it blooms

Question 18

Petals

Answer 18

Petals: coloured and scented to attract insect

Question 19

Male parts

Answer 19

Male parts: Stamen made up of filament and anther

Question 20

Filament

Answer 20

Filament: holds up anther

Question 21

Pollination

Answer 21

Pollination is the transfer of the pollen from the stamen (anther) of one plant to the carpel (stigma) of another
• There are 2 types
• Insectpollination
• Windpollination

Question 22

Fertilisation

Answer 22

Fertilisation is the fusion of the male gamete nucleus with the female gamete nucleus to form a zygote When the pollen lands on the stigma a pollen tube grows down through the style The male nucleus (also called the male gamete) travels down through the pollen tube until it reaches the egg (also called the female gamete) • When the male and female nucleus fuse they form the zygote
• The zygote grows into the seed

Question 23

Seed and fruit formation

Answer 23

After fertilisation the fertilised egg
becomes the seed The ovary swells to become the fruit

Question 24

Functions of the fruit

Answer 24

Fruit protects the seed or seeds Fruit allows the seeds to be carried away from the plants
Some fruits provide food for the seed to develop

Question 25

Seed dispersal

Answer 25

Seed dispersal is the way plants spread their seeds around • Seeds need to be carried away from the parent plant so they won’t compete for space, light, water and minerals

Question 26

Four types of seed dispersAl

Answer 26

1. Animal dispersal 2. Wind dispersal 3. Self dispersal 4. Water dispersal

Question 27

Animal dispersal

Answer 27

Animal dispersal happens when fleshy fruits are eaten by animals or birds •The seeds pass unharmed through the animal and come out in faeces somewhere else!

Question 28

Wind dispersal

Answer 28

Wind dispersal happens when the seeds are carried on the wind • Examples are the dandelion “parachute” • And the Sycamore “helicopter”

Question 29

Self dispersal

Answer 29

Some plants explode to release their seeds • Example pea pods

Question 30

Water dispersal

Answer 30

When plants produce seeds to float away • Eg water lillies

Question 31

Germination

Answer 31

Germination is the growth of seeds into a new plant • Seeds need water, oxygen and heat to germinate

Question 32

Asexual reproduction

Answer 32

Asexualreproductioninvolvesonlyone parent • Sometimes if a leaf or a piece of stem from a plant is cut off and planted it can grow into another plant • This is true for geraniums. Eg. Strawberries

Question 33

Photosynthesis

Answer 33

Photosynthesis is the process where green plants make food using light energy

Question 34

Why are leaves and plants green

Answer 34

Because the contain Chlorophyll which is a green chemical needed for photosynthesis

Question 35

Chlorophyll

Answer 35

Is found in chloroplasts in plant cells

Question 36

Photosynthesis

Answer 36

Carbon dioxide + water in the presence of chlorophyll and sunlight gives us oxygen

Question 37

How are leaves designed for photosynthesis

Answer 37

They are flat and thin

Question 38

Stomata

Answer 38

Little holes on the underside of leaves for gas exchange

Question 39

Where do plants get carbon dioxide

Answer 39

The atmosphere

Question 40

Where do plants get water

Answer 40

From the soil with there roots

Question 41

What do plants do with glucos

Answer 41

Growing and repairing damaged parts, store stach