Plant And Animal Cell Parts Flashcards
(29 cards)
Chromosomes
Made of DNA, found in nucleus.
Chromatid
One of two identical strands of DNA that make up a chromosome.
Chloroplasts (PC)
The absorb light energy which is used in photosynthesis
What is cytokinesis
Division of the cytoplasm.
Produces daughter cells.
Division occurs as the cell of the membrane is pinched off in the centre. (AC)
Division occurs and the cell walls are not physically divided but they are separate. (PC)
Centromere
Structure that holds chromatids together as chromosomes.
Cell membrane
• fonction
Allows some substances to enter and it supports the cell.
Called “semi-permeable membrane”
Ribosomes
Make protein.
Vacuoles
Contains some substances and removes others from the cell and maintaining internal fluid pressure within the cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum
Extends throughout the cytoplasm and continues into the nuclear membrane and to the cell membrane.
Golgi bodies
Collect and process materials to be removed from the cell
Nuclear membrane
Enclosed the nucleus.
Mitochondria
Fonction: makes energy available to the cell.
Nucleus.
Contains genetic information, controls the cell activités.
Store chromosomes which contain the DNA.
Stages of mitosis: prophase
Chromosomes become visible.
Spindle fibres begin to form.
Nuclear membrane disappears.
Reproduction : asexual
1 Parent
2 offspring
Genetically identical
Stages of mitosis: metaphase
Chromosomes line up in the middle. The centromere becomes attached to two spindle fibres (one from each end)
Importance of cell division: growth
Cell size is limited by rates of transport of nutrients and waste.
Multicellular organismes grow larger by increasing the number of cells.
Osmosis.
The movement of particles in water from areas of high concentration of water to an area of low concentration.
Stages of mitosis: anaphase
Centromere splits and sister chromatids separate and are called “daughter chromosomes”.
They move to opposite ends.
Cytoplasm
•fonction
•made of
Fonction: keeps organielles in place. With chemical reactions organelles move.
Made up of.. mostly water, also contains the other substances that the cell stores for later use.
Diffusion
Particles spread from higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.
Reproduction: sexual
2 parents
1+ offspring
Offspring contains DNA from both parents
Concentration
The amount of substance (solute) in a given volume of solution.
What is interphase.
Longest phase of the cell cycle.
DNA duplicates.
Growth and preparation
