plant and fungi vocab Flashcards
(23 cards)
In some biological taxonomy schemes, protists were a large group of diverse eukaryotic, mainly unicellular microorganisms, that do not form tissues.
protist
an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.
Heterotroph
A eukaryote is any organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes.
Eukaryote
Decomposers are organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms, and in doing so they carry out the natural process of decomposition.
Decomposer
an organism that lives in or on another organism (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host’s expense.
Parasite
In biology, a host is an organism that harbors a parasite, or a mutual or commensal symbiont, typically providing nourishment and shelter.
Host
A fungus is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes unicellular microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as multicellular fungi that produce familiar fruiting forms known as mushrooms.
Fungi
The definition of a spore is a small organism or a single cell being that is able to grow into a new organism with the right conditions.
Spore
A lichen is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria (or both) living among filaments of a fungus in a symbiotic relationship.
Lichen
Simple nonvascular plants Green algae Complex nonvascular plants Bryophyta, mosses Marchantiophyta, liverworts Anthocerotophyta, hornworts
Nonvascular plant
Vascular plants, also known as tracheophytes and also higher plants, form a large group of plants that are defined as those land plants that have lignified tissues for conducting water and minerals throughout the plant.
Vascular plant
The gymnosperms are a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and Gnetales.
Gymnosperm
The flowering plants, also known as Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants.
Angiosperm
is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms’ activities.
Photosynthesis
is the set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate
Cellular respiration
is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere.
Transpiration
the turning of all or part of an organism in a particular direction in response to an external stimulus.
Tropism
is a turning or growth movement by a plant or fungus in response to gravity. It is a general feature of all higher and many lower plants as well as other organisms.
Gravitropism
the orientation of a plant or other organism in response to light, either toward the source of light
Phototropism
is a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only; it does not involve the fusion of gametes and almost never changes the number of chromosomes.
Asexual Reproduction
A disease that results from infection with the Toxoplasma gondii parasite.
Toxoplasmosis
A disease caused by a plasmodium parasite, transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes.
Malaria
Giardia is a genus of anaerobic flagellated protozoan parasites of the phylum Sarcomastigophora that colonise and reproduce in the small intestines of several vertebrates, causing giardiasis.
Giardia
