PLANT & ANIMAL CELLS

Question 1

What is a cell?

Answer 1

Cells are the building blocks of life

Cells are the smallest units in an organism

Question 2

What is a tissue?

Answer 2

a group of cells doing the same job

Question 3

What is an organism?

Answer 3

a living thing made of cells

Question 4

Name part A

Answer 4

cell membrane

a barrier that controls

what moves in and out of the cell

Question 5

Name part B

Answer 5

cytoplasm

where chemical reactions take place

Question 6

Name part C

Answer 6

nucleus

controls the cell

contains the genetic material (DNA)

needed to make new cells

Question 7

Name part D

Answer 7

cell wall

strengthens the cell

provides support

Question 8

Name part E

Answer 8

chloroplast

Question 9

Name part F

Answer 9

permanent large vacuole

contains cell sap

keeps cell firm

Question 10

Name 3 parts you find

in a plant cell

but not in an animal cell

Answer 10

cell wall

chloroplasts

permanent vacuole

Question 11

What is the function of a

plant cell’s permanent vacuole?

Answer 11

keep the cell rigid/firm

store substances in its cell sap

Question 12

In which part of a plant cell

is cell sap stored?

Answer 12

permanent vacuole

Question 13

In which part of a cell

do you find DNA?

Answer 13

inside the nucleus (control centre)

Question 14

Which cell structure controls

what enters and leaves the cell?

Answer 14

cell membrane

nutrients in / waste out

Question 15

Which cell structure controls

how the cell works

(the control centre)?

Answer 15

nucleus (control centre)

Question 16

Where does respiration take place?

Answer 16

mitochondria

respiration is a chemical reaction that transfers energy

Question 17

Which plant cell structure

contains chlorophyll?

Answer 17

chloroplasts

Question 18

What part of a cell controls

the cell’s activities?

Answer 18

nucleus

Question 19

What is the cytoplasm?

Answer 19

jelly-like substance where

chemical reactions happen

Question 20

What does a chloroplast contain and what is its function?

Answer 20

contains chlorophyll

captures energy from sunlight to make food (a sugar called glucose)

(photosynthesis)

Question 21

What does a cell membrane control?

Answer 21

what goes in (nutrients)

and out (waste) of a cell

Question 22

What is the function of a cell wall?

Answer 22

supports & strengthens the cell

Question 23

Name three things a plant cell has

but an animal cell does not

Answer 23

chloroplasts

permanent large vacuole

cell wall

Question 24

What is the function of mitochondrion?

Answer 24

the powerhouse

they produce energy

using respiration (plant ‘breathing’)

Question 25

Are **animal cells** & **plant cells** ****_eu_**karyotic** or ****_pro_**karyotic**?

Answer 25

****_eu_**karyotic** (**have** a **nucleus**) **_eu_** is Greek for 'true' = **_true_** cells

Question 26

What do **bacteria** use to **move** about?

Answer 26

**flagella (tail)**

Question 27

Are **bacteria** **cells** ****_eu_**karyotic** or ****_pro_**karyotic**?

Answer 27

****_pro_**karyotic** (**NO nucleus**) ## Footnote **_pro_** is Greek for 'before' = **before** **_eu_**karyotic (**true**) cells

Question 28

What are **gametes**?

Answer 28

**sex cells**

Question 29

What does the **nucleus** contain?

Answer 29

**DNA** (**genetic information** to **grow** and **reproduce**)

Question 30

Name the **smallest** animal **cell** in the **human body**?

Answer 30

**red blood cell** (125 red blood cells = 1 mm)

Question 31

Name the **largest** animal **cell** in the **human** body

Answer 31

**egg cell** (**ovum**) (10 egg cells = 1 mm)

Question 32

How do **forensic scientists** help capture **criminals**?

Answer 32

collect **skin, blood** and **hair cells** from crime scenes **DNA** inside the **nucleus** is **unique** for every human

Question 33

What do **red blood cells** do?

Answer 33

**carry** **oxygen around the body**

Question 34

Why are **red blood cells** good at **carrying O2**?

Answer 34

**flat disc** shape = **large surface area** to carry O2

Question 35

What do **nerve cells** do?

Answer 35

**carry messages** up and down the body by **transmitting electrical signals**

Question 36

What do **muscle cells** do?

Answer 36

**pull together** to make **muscles contract** (get shorter and fatter) **bring** parts of the body **closer together**

Question 37

What is **cellulose**?

Answer 37

in **cell walls** makes them **stiff** & **strong**

Question 38

Name **two** cells where you find **chloroplasts**

Answer 38

**plant cells** **algae cells** (for **photosynthesis**)

Question 39

What is an **amoeba**?

Answer 39

**unicellular** organism​ (made of just **one** cell)

Question 40

What **organelles** are found in an **amoeba**?

Answer 40

**nucleus** (control the cell) **cytoplasm** (jelly-like substance) **contracting vacuole** (suck up water) **cell membrane** (to keep the nuclues & cytoplasm inside)

Question 41

Is an **amoeba** an **animal** or a **plant** cell or **nether**?

Answer 41

**neither** **amoeba** only have **_one_** **cell** plants/animals have _many_ cells

Question 42

Is a **euglena** **unicellular** or **multicellular**?

Answer 42

**unicellular** (made out of **one** cell)

Question 43

Name the **6 organelles** found inside a **euglena**

Answer 43

1. **cytoplasm** (jelly-like substance) 2. **nucleus** (control centre) 3. **choloroplasts** (trap energy from sun to make food using photosynthesis) 4. **contractile vacuole** 5. **cell membrane** (keep nucleus & cytoplasm inside) 6. **flagellum** (to swim in fresh water)

Question 44

Is a **euglena** an **animal** cell, a **plant** cell or **neither**? ## Footnote **Explain** why

Answer 44

**neither** it's **unicellular** (plant & animal cells are multicellular)

Question 45

Name this **specialised** **cell**

Answer 45

**root hair** cell (plant)

Question 46

What do **root hair cells** do?

Answer 46

**absorb water** + **nutrients (nitrates)** from **soil**

Question 47

do **_root_ hair cells** have **chloroplasts**? **explain** your answer

Answer 47

**_no chloroplasts_** as there's **no sunlight** underground (**no photosynthesis**)