plant cell walls

Question 1

what percentage of plant mass does the cells walls make up?

Answer 1

90%

Question 2

what did robert hooke derive the terms “cells” from?

Answer 2

monks’ cells

Question 3

what are the main 4 functions cell walls have?

Answer 3

structure
protection
extracellular transport control

Question 4

how do cells walls of mature tissues differ from those of growing cells?

Answer 4

less flexible

Question 5

how do cells adhere to one another?

Answer 5

plasmodesma

Question 6

what is the term for the extracellular place between corners of different cells?

Answer 6

smiggle

Question 7

what are protoplasts?

Answer 7

actually living part of plant cell, excluding cell wall

Question 8

what are microfibrils ?

Answer 8

very thin, thread-like structures:
primarily made of cellulose and provide structural support

Question 9

what are hemicelluloses?

Answer 9

group of complex plant polysaccharides that, along with cellulose, make up cell walls of plants
- less complex than cellulose and are easily hydrolyzed to simple sugars

Question 10

what are pectins?

Answer 10

• variety of polysaccharides
• – form gel-like matrix in which load bearing polymers are added

Question 11

how does pectin help visual

Question 12

what is lignin?

Answer 12

heterogenous phenolic polymer
- provide extra structural support for cell walls that dont need to grow anymore (eg trunks)

Question 13

what is the chemical reaction for photosynthesis?

Answer 13

sunlight + h2o + co2 -> c6h12 + o2

Question 14

how are plant cell walls of global importance (human health, infrastructure)

Answer 14

medicine, materials for infrastructure, foodstuffs