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Plant Diversity I > Plant Diversity I > Flashcards

Plant Diversity I Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

What kind of plants are the Bryophytes?

A

Non-Vascular Plants. First group thought to have colonized the land

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2
Q

What are the THREE Bryophyte phylums?

A
  1. Phylum Bry-O-Phyta
  2. Phylum Hepa-to-Phyta
  3. Phylum Antho-cer-o-Phyta
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3
Q

What is an example of the Bryophyte phylum Bryophyta?

A

True Mosses

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4
Q

What is an example of the Bryophyte phylum Hepatophyta?

A

Liverworts

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5
Q

What is an example of the Bryophyte phylum Anthocerophyta?

A

Hornworts

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6
Q

What is one thing that Seedless and Seed plants have in common?

A

They are Vascular Plants

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7
Q

What TWO phylums are in the Seedless plants?

A
  1. Phylum Lyc-O-phyta

2. Phylum Monil-o-phyta

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8
Q

What is an example of Phylum Lycophyta of the seedless plants?

A

Club Moses

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9
Q

What is an example of the Phylum Monilophyta of the seedles plants?

A

Ferns, horsetail, whisk ferns

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10
Q

What are the TWO types of Seed Plants?

A
  1. Gymnosperms

2. Anginosperm

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11
Q

What are the FOUR phylums of the Gymnosperm seed plants?

A
  1. Phylum Coni-fero-phyta
  2. Phylum Cyca-do-phyta
  3. Phylum Gink-go-phyta
  4. Phylum Gnet-o-phyta
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12
Q

What is an example of the Gymnosperm seed plant phylum Coniferophyta?

A

Conifers

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13
Q

What is an example of the Gymnosperm seed plant phylum Cycadophyta?

A

Cycads

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14
Q

What is an example of the Gymnosperm seed plant phylum Ginkgophyta?

A

Ginkgo

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15
Q

What is an example of the Gymnospern Seed plant Phylum Gnetophyta?

A

Mormon tea

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16
Q

What only phylum is under the Angiosperms?

A

Phylum Anth-o-phyta

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17
Q

What is an example of Angiosperm Seed Plant Phylum Anthophyta?

A

Flowering plants

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18
Q

What characteristics do Land plants AND Charophytes share?

A
  1. Structure of flagellated sperm
  2. the formation of the cell plate in mitosis
    3 gene sequences in the nuclear and chloroplast DNA
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19
Q

True or False: Land plants are thought to be most similar to multicellular green algae Chara?

A

True

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20
Q

What challenges did ancestral plants faced?

A

New and extreme challenges in their physical environmet.

Ex: Temperature, moisture, gravitational forces and substrates

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21
Q

What kind of bodies do land plants generally have?

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A

Complex, multicellular bodies

22
Q

Land plants in the Kingdom Plantae have similar 1._____ of 2._______ life cycles.

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Alternation

2. Generation

23
Q

Plant body is often covered with a 1. _______ that prevents 2. _______

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Waxy cuticle

2. Desiccation

24
Q

What are Stomata and what do they do?

Study These Flashcards
A

They are tiny opening in plants found in the outer layer.

They allow plants gas exchange in plants.

25
Are bryophytes vascular or nonvascular?
Bryophytes are nonvascular
26
True or False: ALL land plants havea common sexual reproductive life cycle called Alternation of Generation?
TRUE
27
What is Alternation of Generation?
Its a sexual life cycle which plants Alternate between a haploid (n) gametophyte generation and a diploid (2n) sporophyte generation.
28
Do the two generations change the plants completely?
No, in living plants the two generations differ in Morphology, but they are still the same species.
29
What happens in the alternation of generations life cycle first?
1. Diploid (2n) Sporophyte undegoes MEIOSIS, produces Haploid (n) Spores
30
Where are the haploid spores produced? i
They are produced in a protective, nonreproductive jacket of cell called SPORANGIUM(2n)
31
What is the second step in the alternation of generations life cycle?
The Spores divide by MITOSIS and germinate to produce Haploid (n) gametophyte
32
What is the Third step in the alternation of generation life cycle?
The Gametophyte produces Gametes(n)
33
Where are the gametes produced?
Inside a jacket of nonreproductice cells, forming gametangia
34
What is the Fourth step in the alternation of generation life cycle?
Eggs are produced by MITOSIS in Archegonia | Sperm are produced in Antheridia
35
What is the Fifth step in the alternation of generation life cycle?
Gametes FUSE(fertilization) entrance of sperm into archegonium. A Diploid(2n) zygote in formed. ( forming the first stage of the next diploid sporophyte generation)
36
What Generation is the Gametophyte and what does it contain?
The Gametophyte is the Haploid generation. | It contains the sexual organs that produce the egg & sperm (Gametes)
37
What generation is the Sporophyte and what does it produce?
The Sporophyte is the Diploid generation. | It undergoes MEIOSIS to produce haploid SPORES
38
Where are Spores produces and how do they develop?
Spores are produced in the Sporangium on the Sporophyte. THey develop by meiosis in sporangium at the end of sporophyte
39
What is the ancestral group of the land plants?
Charophytes from Protists Green Algae
40
Are the Non-Vascular Bryophytes Sporophyte Dominant or Gametophyt dominant?
Gametophyte dominant. (Sporophyte depends on the Gametophyte)
41
What cells do Vascular plants have to help them with nutrition and water?
1. Xylem- Water conducting cells (go up) | 2. Phloem- Sugar producing cells (go down)
42
What are Sori?
Sori are the brown things under a fern sporangia leaf
43
Are Monilophita(ferns) homospours or heterosporous?
they are homosporous (common to mosses and ferns)
44
What is homosporous?
spores of one kind only that are not differentiated by sex. Gametophyte is bisexual
45
What is heterosporous?
producing two different kinds of spores. Male microspore and female Megaspore
46
Are microspores and megaspores produced by mitosis or meiosis?
They are produced by mitosis
47
Will megaspores devide to form the female gametophyte or the sporophyte?
Megaspores divide by mitosis to produce the female gametophyte.
48
Do the Liverworts from the Bryophytes reproduce asexually and sexually?
yes, 1. Asexually by Gammae cups (green disk splash out when it rains producing genetically identical liverworts) 2. Sexually by Gametophytes; Female archegonium, Male antheridium
49
Bryophyte Phylum Hepatophyta: 3 characteristics
1. Small, relatively Flat plants 2. Restricted to very MOIST habitats 3. contains pores along thallus that are always open and allow gas exchange
50
Bryophyte phylum Hepatophyta: What is their body name and what are they anchored to?
Plant body is the Thallus and they are anchored by Rhizoids
51
In Monilophyta, Whisk ferns have what kind of branching?
Dichomotous branched (repeated Y branches)
52
In Monilophyta, Whisk ferns, how do photosynthetic stems reproduce?
They reproduce sexually by aerial spores.

Plant Diversity I (2 decks)

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