Plant Meristems and Growth

Question 1

what are the three plant organs

Answer 1

roots, stems, and leaves

Question 2

types of roots

Answer 2

prop
pneumatophores
storage
aerial (strangling)
buttress

Question 3

what do short roots mean

Answer 3

the plant needs alot of water

Question 4

a tall tree needs what roots

Answer 4

long

Question 5

roots that store stuff for themselves

Answer 5

storage roots

Question 6

what are potatoes

Answer 6

stems

Question 7

what are sweet potatoes

Answer 7

roots

Question 8

what are the different types of leaves

Answer 8

tendrils
spines
storage
reproductive
bracts

Question 9

leaves that climbs

Answer 9

tendrils

Question 10

how do tendrils wrap around plants

Answer 10

elongates cells differently

Question 11

leaves that protect the plant

Answer 11

spines

Question 12

leaves that can grow a new plant

Answer 12

reproductive leaves

Question 13

leaves that function as petals for attraction

Answer 13

bracts

Question 14

what is the difference between how animals and plants grow

Answer 14

1) indeterminate growth
2) Apical Based Polarity
3) Staggered maturation

Question 15

why do plants grow so differently

Answer 15

apical meristem

Question 16

localized tissues of plants that are comprised of stem cells

Answer 16

apical meristem

Question 17

what do stem cells do

Answer 17

1) differentiates
2) make new cells

Question 18

the two points were plants grow

Answer 18

shoots and roots

Question 19

what do you need in a plants

Answer 19

outer covering
vascular system
stuff to do stuff

Question 20

what kind of cell division does SAM use

Answer 20

anticlinal

Question 21

what is anticlinal division used for

Answer 21

coverage

Question 22

what are the three primary meristems

Answer 22

protoderm
ground meristem
procambium

Question 23

what does the protoderm do?

Answer 23

make outer covering

Question 24

what makes leaves

Answer 24

protoderm

Question 25

what are leaves

Answer 25

extra covering

Question 26

what are in leaves?

Answer 26

photosynthesis xylem phloem

Question 27

what do the procambium cells differentiate to?

Answer 27

xylem phloem vascular cambium

Question 28

what makes the secondary xylem and phloem

Answer 28

vascular cambium

Question 29

what does the ground meristem differentiate too?

Answer 29

parenchyma collenchyma sclerenchyma

Question 30

what does the parenchyma do?

Answer 30

metabolic activity like photosynthesis

Question 31

what does collenchyma does

Answer 31

thick cell that provides extra structure it is living

Question 32

what does sclerenchyma do?

Answer 32

it is dead at maturity makes wood hard structure for young plants

Question 33

what is in ground meristem

Answer 33

1) filler tissue 2) cork cambium

Question 34

what is the zone of mitosis

Answer 34

SAM

Question 35

how do cells ellongate

Answer 35

softens up cell wall and makes the cell more flexible

Question 36

what does SAM do

Answer 36

grow cells and then differentiate

Question 37

what hormone does Sam make to activate proton pumps

Answer 37

auxin

Question 38

how does SAM soften up cell wall

Answer 38

releases auxin which activates proton pumps with then dump protons into cell wall which breaks it down

Question 39

why do plants bend towards light

Answer 39

they elongate their cells to the light side of the plant

Question 40

who did the experiment of the plants bending toward light

Answer 40

Darwin and his son

Question 41

what are the three zones for the RAM

Answer 41

1. Cell division 2. Elongation 3. Maturation (root hairs)

Question 42

which has longer root cap? a plant in water or a plant in soil

Answer 42

plant in water

Question 43

stimulates root growth

Answer 43

auxin

Question 44

stimulates shoot growth

Answer 44

cytokinins

Question 45

what are things that are the same near as far

Answer 45

fractal

Question 46

what is more rigid phloem or xylem

Answer 46

xylem

Question 47

what is bark made out of

Answer 47

living phloem Periderm --cork --cork cambium

Question 48

functional but still dead xylem

Answer 48

sapwood

Question 49

old xylem

Answer 49

hardwood

Question 50

in a 1000 year old tree how old would the only thing alive be

Answer 50

1-2 years old

Question 51

where does old phloem get put?

Answer 51

it get packs into new phloem

Question 52

what can kill trees effectively

Answer 52

girdling it

Question 53

chemical compound that provides waterproof incasing and an example

Answer 53

Suberin and cantelope