Plant reproduction

Question 1

What are the two main types of flowers

Answer 1

Insect-pollinated flowers and wind-pollinated flowers

Question 2

Name all organs “structures” the insect-pollinated plants contain

Answer 2

petal, anther, filament, stigma, style, ovary, ovule, nectary, sepal, stalk

Question 3

Name all organs “structures” the wind-pollinated plant contain

Answer 3

petal, style, stigma, ovary with ovules, filament, anther, stalk

Question 4

What is the function of the petal

Answer 4

forms a ring called the corolla

Question 5

What is the function of the anther

Answer 5

produces pollen grains containing male gametes

Question 6

What is the function of the filament

Answer 6

hold the anther

Question 7

What is the function of the stigma

Answer 7

collects the pollen grain

Question 8

What is the function of the style

Answer 8

hold the stigma

Question 9

What is the function of the ovary

Answer 9

produces ovules

Question 10

What is the function of the ovules

Answer 10

contain the female gametes

Question 11

What is the function of the nectary

Answer 11

produces nectar, sugary liquid

Question 12

What is the function of the sepal

Answer 12

protects bud, forms ring called the calyx

Question 13

What is the function of the stalk

Answer 13

supports the flower

Question 14

What are the uses of the organ structures in the insect-pollinated flowers

Answer 14

Petals- large, brightly colored scented to attract insects
Anther and filaments- short filament holding the anthers inside the flower so insect brushes against them
Pollen grains- small amounts of large, sticky and spiky grains to attach to hair on insect’s body
Stigma- flat or lobe-shaped inside the flower so that insects can land easily
Nectary- insects feed on the nectar

Question 15

What are the uses of the organ structures in the wind-pollinated flowers

Answer 15

Petals- small, green or dull, no scent
Anther and filaments- long filaments hanging out of flower for the anther to be exposed to the wind
Pollen grains- light, smooth grains easily carried by the wind and come in large quantities
Stigma- long, feathery hanging out of flower, has larger surface to catch pollen being blown past
Nectary- They don’t have

Question 16

What is pollination

Answer 16

Pollination is when the anther splits open releasing pollen grains that are transferred from the anther to the stigma

Question 17

What is self-pollination

Answer 17

When pollen goes from an anther to a stigma of the same flower or other flowers of the same plant

Question 18

What is cross-pollination

Answer 18

When pollen goes from an anther to the stigma of a flower on another plant of the same species

Question 19

How do they avoid self pollination

Answer 19

Releasing pollen from the anthers before the stigma of the same plant is ready to receive or the stigma of a plant is ready to receive pollen from other plants before it’s own anthers are ready to release their pollen

Question 20

What is fertilisation

Answer 20

When the male gamete fuses with the female gamete

Question 21

How does fertilisation occur

Answer 21

The pollen grain that landed on the stigma breaks open and grows down a pollen tube through the style into the ovary. The male gamete travels through the tube and then fertilisation occurs

Question 22

What happens after fertilisation

Answer 22

Fusing produces a zygote that divides many time to produce an embryo

Question 23

What happens to the ovule after fertilisation

Answer 23

Structures that will become the root and stem form, a food store is laid down and an outer coat forms. After these stages the ovule has become a seed.

Question 24

What happens to the stamens, petals and sepals after fertilisation

Answer 24

they fall off

Question 25

What happens to the stamens,stigma and style after fertilisation

Answer 25

they wither away

Question 26

What happens to the ovary

Answer 26

it becomes the fruit

Question 27

What are some methods of dispersal

Answer 27

-seed blown away by the wind fruits stick to the fur of the animals and drop in a new place -fruits eaten by animals and then the seed left in another place in the animals faeces

Question 28

Why does seed dispersal happen

Answer 28

It happens to avoid overcrowding and competition for resources such as light, water and minerals

Question 29

What is a disadvantage of seed dispersal

Answer 29

seeds may land in an unsuitable place where the can not grow

Question 30

What is the germination

Answer 30

the seed coat opens and the primary root and shoot grows

Question 31

3 factors that are needed in germination are:

Answer 31

suitable temperature, oxygen and water

Question 32

Which parts form the male part of the flower

Answer 32

the anther and the filament

Question 33

What is the name of the male part of the flower

Answer 33

the stamen

Question 34

Which parts for the female part of a flower

Answer 34

stigma,style and ovary

Question 35

What is the name of the female part of the flower

Answer 35

the carpel

Question 36

What is nectar

Answer 36

a sugary liquid in which insects feed on

Question 37

Where is the nectary found

Answer 37

on the base of the petals