Plant Systems

Question 1

Autotrophs

Answer 1

Things that can produce its own food.

Question 2

Input into a plant

Answer 2

water + carbon dioxide (CO2)

Question 3

Output of a plant

Answer 3

Sugar (glucose) + oxygen

Question 4

equation of photosynthesis

Answer 4

water + carbon dioxide ->(sunlight)-> sugar + oxygen

Question 5

Transpiration

Answer 5

Evaporation of water from a plant

Question 6

levels of organisation

Answer 6

cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system -> Organism

Question 7

Cellular respiration

Answer 7

The process where the cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide and water.

Question 8

Cellular respiration Inputs

Answer 8

Glucose and Oxygen

Question 9

Cellular respiration Outputs

Answer 9

Carbon dioxide, water and ATP (energy)

Question 10

Where does cellular respiration take place?

Answer 10

In the mitochondria

Question 11

Translocation

Answer 11

The movement of materials in plants from the leaves to other parts of the plant through the phloem.

Question 12

Phloem

Answer 12

Carries glucose/sugars produced by photosynthesis from the leaves to the rest of the plant.
- goes up and down the plant

Question 13

Xylem

Answer 13

Carries water from the roots upwards to the leaves of the plant as it is needed for photosynthesis.

Question 14

Cuticle

Answer 14

Covers the exterior surface in order to prevent water loss from the leaf (evaporation).

Question 15

Palisade Mesophyll

Answer 15

Responsible for light absorption (photosynthesis). This is full of chloroplasts.

Question 16

Spongy Mesophyll

Answer 16

Located on lower half (near stomata) and contains air spaces for gas exchange.

Question 17

Stomata

Answer 17

Facilitates gas exchange and allows water to exit.

Question 18

Function of Stem

Answer 18

Takes water and nutrients from the roots and sends it to the leaves.

Question 19

Function of Leaves

Answer 19

Takes sunlight, air, water and nutrients and makes the plants food (photosynthesis)

Question 20

Function of Roots

Answer 20

Takes water and nutrients from the soil.

Question 21

Vascular Plants

Answer 21

possess specialised tissues (xylem and phloem) that allow them to transport water, nutrients and food efficiently. Vascular plants have well developed roots, stems and leaves.

Question 22

Vascular plants vs non-vascular plants

Answer 22

Vascular:
- has roots, stems and leaves
- has vascular bundles (can transport water)
- larger in size
Non-Vascular:
- no roots, stems or leaves
- no vascular bundles (unable to transport water)
- smaller in size
- Must live in damp conditions

Question 23

Photosynthesis

Answer 23

The process where plants use sunlight to convert into food, energy and water.

Question 24

Epidermis

Answer 24

The outermost layer of cells, acting as a protective barrier for the plant. It is covered in a waxy cuticle.

Question 25

where does photosynthesis occur

Answer 25

Occurs in chloroplasts