Plant Tissue

Question 1

What can plants be according to their nature?

Answer 1

Herbaceous or Woody

Question 2

What are annual plants?

Answer 2

Complete their life cycle in one year.

Question 3

What are perennials?

Answer 3

They live longer than two years.

Question 4

What are dedicious plants?

Answer 4

They lose their leaves unfavourable season

Question 5

What are evergreen plants?

Answer 5

They lose their leaves but not all at the same time

Question 6

What shape is the epidermis in a cross section?

Answer 6

Brick shaped

Question 7

What is the function of the epidermal layers in plants?

Answer 7

To cover the plant organs

Question 8

What are the ariel parts of a plant covered by?

Answer 8

Cuticle

Question 9

What enable the stomata to open and close?

Answer 9

Guard cells

Question 10

What are the three types of simple plant tissue?

Answer 10

1. ) Parenchyma
2. ) Collenchyma
3. ) Sclerenchyma

Question 11

What is parenchyma with chloroplasts known as?

Answer 11

Chlorenchyma

Question 12

What type of tissue is found in water plants?

Answer 12

Aerenchyma

Question 13

What are the 6 functions of parenchyma?

Answer 13

• Filling tissue
• Photosynthesis
• Gaseous exchange
• Water transport
• Secondary meristematic
• Stores substances

Question 14

What is the function if collenchyma?

Answer 14

Support and strengthening

Question 15

Where can collenchyma be found?

Answer 15

Below the epidermis in herbaceous plants?

Question 16

Give two types of sclerenchyma cells.

Answer 16

Sclereids and fibres

Question 17

What is the function of sclerenchyma?

Answer 17

Support and strengthening

Question 18

What type of content does sclerenchyma have?

Answer 18

No living content

Question 19

What is the vascular tissue responsible for in a plant?

Answer 19

Transport

Question 20

What does compound tissue consist of?

Answer 20

Consists od different types of cells

Question 21

What two types of vascular tissue is found in plants?

Answer 21

Xylem and Phloem

Question 22

Give 4 components that make up xylem

Answer 22

1. ) Wood vessels
2. ) Tracheids
3. ) Parenchyma
4. ) Fibres

Question 23

What is the function of xylem?

Answer 23

Transportation of water and dissolved substances

Question 24

What is the function of wood vessels in xylem?

Answer 24

Upward transport of water

Question 25

What is the function if tracheids in xylem?

Answer 25

Transport

Question 26

What is the function of parenchyma in xylem?

Answer 26

Storage

Question 27

What is the function of fibres in xylem?

Answer 27

Support and strengthening

Question 28

What is the function of a pit in xylem?

Answer 28

Lateral transport of water

Question 29

What are the characteristics of wood vessels in xylem tissue?

Answer 29

* Thickened cell walls * No living contents * Round in cross section * Elongated cells * Pits for transverse transport * Wall strengthen with lignin * Cross walls perforated, form hollow and continuous tubes

Question 30

Give 4 characteristics of tracheids in xylem.

Answer 30

* Elongated cells * Thickened walls * Pointed ends * Have pits

Question 31

What are the 4 main components phloem consists of.

Answer 31

1. ) Sieve tubes 2. ) Companion cell 3. ) Parenchyma 4. ) Phloem fibres

Question 32

Describe sieve tubes in phloem?

Answer 32

They are hollow with no nuclei but are living cells

Question 33

What do companion cells in phloem do?

Answer 33

They have nuclei and metabolize for sieve tubes

Question 34

What is the function of parenchyma in phloem?

Answer 34

Storage

Question 35

What is the function of phloem fibres in phloem?

Answer 35

Support and strengthening

Question 36

What is the function of phloem?

Answer 36

Transportation of organic food substances

Question 37

What is the plasmosdesmata?

Answer 37

Thin strands of cytoplasm that connect the sieve tube to companion cell.

Question 38

Give 6 characteristics of meristematic tissue in plants.

Answer 38

* Cells are cuboidal * Small * No vacuoles * Thin-walled * Dense cytoplasm * Undifferentiated

Question 39

What process takes place at the meristematic region of a root hair?

Answer 39

Forming of new meristematic cells

Question 40

What is the function of a root hair?

Answer 40

Taking up water and nutrients

Question 41

What is diffusion?

Answer 41

The spontaneous movement of a gas/liquid from a high to a low concentration.

Question 42

What is osmosis?

Answer 42

The movement of water from a high to a low water potential through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 43

What is hypotonic?

Answer 43

High water potential

Question 44

What is hypertonic?

Answer 44

Low water potential.

Question 45

What is isotonic?

Answer 45

Equal water potential

Question 46

What is active transport?

Answer 46

Against a diffusion gradient, energy is needed

Question 47

What is transpiration?

Answer 47

The loss of water in the form of water vapour through the stomata

Question 48

What are the 5 environmental factors that affect transpiration tempo?

Answer 48

1. ) Temperature 2. ) Light intensity 3. ) Humidity 4. ) Wind 5. ) Soil moisture

Question 49

What are the 3 forces of upward movement of water in plants from most important?

Answer 49

1. ) Sucking force of transpiration 2. ) Root pressure 3. ) Capillarity

Question 50

Give the difference between transpiration and guttation in five main points.

Answer 50

``` Transpiration: • Day time • Water vapour • Stomata • Low Humidity • High temperatures ``` ``` Guttation: • Night time • Water droplets • Hydathode • High humidity • Root pressure is the strongest force ```

Question 51

What is a hydathode?

Answer 51

Opening on a leaf margin for droplets of guttation

Question 52

Give 6 adaptations of xylem for the transport of water.

Answer 52

1. ) Hollow tubes 2. ) No living content 3. ) Cell walls strengthened by lignin 4. ) Pits for lateral transport 5. ) Cells rounded in cross section 6. ) Do not buckle under pressure