Plant Tissues

Question 1

What are the four types of plant tissues

Answer 1

Meristematic tissue, dermal tissue, ground tissue, vascular tissue

Question 2

What is meristematic tissue

Answer 2

Responsible for growth in plants
Found at the tips of roots and stems
There are two types.

Question 3

What are the two types of meristematic tissue

Answer 3

Apical and lateral meristem

Question 4

What does apical meristem do

Answer 4

Makes roots and stems grow longer by the process of cell division also called mitosis.

Question 5

What does lateral meristem do

Answer 5

Makes roots and stems grow in diameter.

Question 6

What does dermal tissue do

Answer 6

The outer layer of cells of all plant organs that consist the one layer of dermal cells, called the epedermis.
Has similar function to the skin of animals.
Dermal tissue covers and protects the plant, can control gaseous exchange and helps with water absorbation in roots

Question 7

What covers dermal tissue

Answer 7

A waxy cuticle that prevents water loss through evaporation

Question 8

What is a stomata

Answer 8

Stomata are specialized dermal cells that form a pore in the epidermis through which gaseous exchange can occur.

Question 9

What are trichomes

Answer 9

Small hairlike growths of epidermal tissue that may be present on the stem and leaves. Help defend plant against herbivores.

Question 10

What is ground tissue

Answer 10

Forms most mass in a plant, ground tissue carries out different functions based on the cell type and location.

Question 11

What are the 3 types of ground tissue

Answer 11

Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Schlerenchyma

Question 12

What does parenchyma do

Answer 12

Photosynthesis in the leaves and storage in the roots

Question 13

What does collenchyma do

Answer 13

Stem support in areas of active growth

Question 14

What does Schlerenchyma do

Answer 14

Stem support in areas where growth has ceased

Question 15

What are the 2 types of vascular tissue

Answer 15

Xylem and phloem tissue

Question 16

What does vascular tissue do

Answer 16

Makes up the big transportation system of vascular plants

Question 17

What does xylem do

Answer 17

A system of hollow tubes that are connected from end to end which transport water and dissolved minerals absorbed from the rootstock the rest of the plant.
Provides support and dies once a year leaving rings

Question 18

What does phloem do

Answer 18

A system of elongated, tubular structures laid end to end and separated by thin walled structures called sieve plates.
Responsible for transporting sugars and organic molecules from one part of the plant to the other

Question 19

What are the organ systems in a vascular plant

Answer 19

Shoot system
Root system

Question 20

What are the different types of stems

Answer 20

Woody
Unbranched
Branched
Herbaceous

Question 21

What are stems

Answer 21

Plant organs that form part of the shoot system.
Provides support for the plant
Transports substances around the plant

Question 22

What are modifications of stems

Answer 22

Bulbs
Corms
Rhizomes
Tubers

Question 23

What are bulbs

Answer 23

Disc shaped flat underground stems with thick fleshy leaves which contain food

Question 24

What are corms

Answer 24

Flattened thickened underground stems containing reserve food

Question 25

What are rhizomes

Answer 25

Modified stems growing horizontally below the surface.

Question 26

What are tubers

Answer 26

Thickened part of an underground stems Containing reserve food Eg potato

Question 27

How can stems help with vegetative reproduction

Answer 27

Modified stems may help the plants to reproduce. Occurs when a new plant (identical to parent plant) grows from a vegetative part of a plant

Question 28

How can stems help with vegetative reproduction

Answer 28

Modified stems may help the plants to reproduce. Occurs when a new plant (identical to parent plant) grows from a vegetative part of a plant

Question 29

What is a node

Answer 29

Points of attachment for leaves and flowers. Interludes are regions of stem between nodes.

Question 30

How can stems be supporting organs

Answer 30

Modified stems may help the stem grow upwards. Eg climber plants are modified to hold onto a object.

Question 31

How can stems be protective organs

Answer 31

Modified stems may protect the plant. Some stems may be modified to have thorns.

Question 32

What are leaves

Answer 32

Main sites for photosynthesis in a plant. Most leaves are green. Due to green pigment called chlorophyll. Attached to the petiole.

Question 33

How can leaves be used as storage organs

Answer 33

Cabbage and spinach leaves are very big. They can store food which can be eaten by people.

Question 34

How can leaves be used as reproductive organs

Answer 34

When the leaves of an African violet are put in moist water they will grow roots and from. That root a new identical plant will grow

Question 35

Leaves as supporting organs

Answer 35

Tendrils may also be modified leave. Eg sweet peas Granidillas

Question 36

How can leaves be protective organs

Answer 36

The thorns of a stem of prickly pear or cactus are modified leaves. They protect the leaves from being eaten

Question 37

Leaves as capturing organs

Answer 37

The leaf of a sunder is covered In long hairlike structures with drops of sticky liquid on the end. When an insect lands on the leaf it sticks and cannot get away.

Question 38

Leaves as capturing organs

Answer 38

Leaf of the sunder is covered I. Long hair like things covered in a sticky liquid. When insects land on the liquid it cannot get away

Question 39

What is the male reproductive part of the plant

Answer 39

Stamen- anther and filament

Question 40

What is the female part of the flower

Answer 40

Carpel- stigma, style, ovary, ovule

Question 41

What are the adaptations of flowers for sexual reproduction

Answer 41

The function of the flower is to help the plant reproduce by sexual reproduction. To do this, it must produce male and female sex cells.

Question 42

Functions of roots

Answer 42

Anchoring the plant to the soil. Absorbing water and minerals and transporting them upwards. Storing the products of photosynthesis

Question 43

What are the two types of root systems

Answer 43

Tap-root systems Fibrous-root systems

Question 44

What are taproot systems

Answer 44

They have a main root that grows vertically down from which many smaller roots arise.

Question 45

What are fibrous root systems

Answer 45

Located closer to the surface and have a dense network of roots. Can help prevent soil erosion.

Question 46

What does the mature root region do

Answer 46

Where cells are fully differentiated. Lateral roots develop from the taproot to increase the surface area for water absorbation and to anchor the plant.

Question 47

What is the root hair region

Answer 47

Where the epidermis forms specialised cells called root hairs.

Question 48

What is the region of cell elongation

Answer 48

Where the cells that are formed by meristematic tissue in the meristematic region grow in size, which then causes the root to grow in length.

Question 49

What is the meristematic tissue

Answer 49

Made up of fast dividing merestematic cells

Question 50

What is the root cap

Answer 50

Protects the newly formed cells of the meristematic region

Question 51

What are the different types of roots

Answer 51

Bulbous roots Prop roots Tap roots Epiphytic roots

Question 52

What do bulbous roots do

Answer 52

Store starch

Question 53

What do prop roots do

Answer 53

Provide support to the plant above the ground

Question 54

What do tap roots do

Answer 54

Adapted for sugar and starch storage Eg carrots, turnip, beetroots

Question 55

What do epiphytic roots do

Answer 55

Enable a plant to grow on another plant