Plant Tissues and Organs Flashcards
(89 cards)
1
Q
3 basic cell type of plant tissue
A
- Parenchyma
- Collenchyma
- Sclerenchyma
2
Q
Most common plant cell type
A
Parenchyma cell
3
Q
Parenchyma are found where?
A
cortex of roots, ground tissue in stems and mesophyll of leaves
4
Q
Parenchyma function
A
- store starch, oils and water
5
Q
What type of cell help heal wound to the plant?
A
Parenchyma cells
6
Q
Have a thin flexible walls
A
Parenchyma cells
7
Q
Plant cell that provide support to a growing plant
A
Collenchyma cells
8
Q
Collenchyma cells have unevenly thick cell walls
A
True
9
Q
Collenchyma cells are not strong and flexible
A
False
10
Q
Collenchyma cells are found where?
A
under the epidermis, young stems, petioles, and leaf veins
11
Q
The strongest plant cell type
A
Sclerenchyma cells
12
Q
Sclerenchyma cells are found where?
A
Cortex of leaves and in stems
13
Q
The second cell wall are hardened by what
A
Lignin
14
Q
Sclerenchyma cells die when they reach maturity
A
True
15
Q
What do humans make out of the sclerenchyma cells
A
Linen and rope
16
Q
Plant organs are made out of three tissue systems
A
- Dermal Tissue
- Ground Tissue
- Vascular tissue
17
Q
Tissue system that covers the outside of a plant
A
Dermal tissue
18
Q
Dermal tissues forms the what of a plant?
A
Outer bark of trees
19
Q
Dermal tissue function
A
- protects the plant
- secretes cuticle of leaves
20
Q
Tissue system that is found inside a plant
A
Ground tissue
21
Q
Where do ground tissues stores materials
A
in roots and stems
22
Q
Ground tissue provides supports
A
True
23
Q
Ground tissue is most commonly made of parenchyma cells
A
True
24
Q
The tissue system that transports water, minerals and organic compounds.
A
Vascular tissue
25
Vascular tissue has one network of hollow tube
FALSE (two networks)
26
Two types of specialized tissue that compromises the vascular tissue
1. Xylem
| 2. Phoem
27
Type of specialized tissue that transports water and minerals
Xylem
28
Type of specialized tissue that transports photosynthetic products
Phloem
29
A system that allows for the transport of water, minerals, and sugars.
Vascular system
30
Xylem contains 3 specialized cells which are?
1. Vessel elements
2. Tracheid cells
3. Xylem cells
31
Type of xylem specialized cell that are long and narrow
Tracheid cells
32
Type of xylem specialized cell that dies at maturity
Xylem cells
33
Type of xylem specialized cell that are short and wide
Vessel elements
34
Cohesion-tension theory
Explains water movement
35
It is the tendency of water molecules to bond with each other.
Cohesion
36
the tendency of water
| molecules to bond with other substances.
Adhesion
37
The process of how water travels form roots to the top of trees
> Adsorption
> Cohesion and adhesion
>Transpiration
38
Water and dissolved minerals in the soil are pulled into roots through cell walls , through plasmodesmata (channels) OR from cell to cell through their vacuoles
Absorption
39
What helps the water to move upward within and through the xylem?
Cohesion and Adhesion
40
It is the loss of water
| vapor through leaves.
Transpiration
41
In what specific part of leaves does transpiration occur?
Leaf stomata
42
It is the major force moving water through plants and helps to pull water to the top branches
Transpiration
43
Phloem contains 3 specialized cells
1. Sieve tube elements
2. Companion cells
3. Phloem parenchyma
44
Type of phloem specialized cell that have holes at ends
Sieve tube elements
45
Type of phloem specialized cell that helps the Sieve tube elements
Companion cells
46
Type of phloem specialized cell that store food material and other substances
Phloem parenchyma
47
Phloem tissue is alive
YES
48
Pressure-flow model
Explains sugar movement
49
Sugar flows to the sink due to what?
Pressure difference
50
Water moves from the xylem into the phloem by what process?
Osmosis (high to low concentration)
51
Form the support system of vascular plants.
Roots and stems
52
Anchor plants and absorb mineral nutrients from
| soil.
Roots
53
What helps the root to absorb nutrients
Root hairs
54
Part of a root that covers the tip
Root cap
55
Part of a root that is an area of growth
Apical meristem
56
Part of a root that contains xylem and phloem
Vascular cylinder
57
Two main types of roots
1. Fibrous roots systems
| 2. Taproot systems
58
Type of root that have one main root
Taproot systems
59
Type of root that have fine branches
Fibrous root systems
60
What type of root does monocot plant have?
Fibrous root systems
61
What type of root does dicot plant have?
Taproot systems
62
Part of the plant that support, transport materials, and provide storage.
Stems
63
It houses most vascular system, store water, and support leaves and flowers
Stems
64
Does stem form new plants?
TRUE
65
Stem grow underground for storage.
True
66
Characteristics of stems
- herbaceous and conduct photosynthesis
| - can be woody and form protective bark
67
Primary growth of a plant
increases plant's length (root and stems)
68
Secondary growth of a plant
increases plant's width (root and stems)
69
Tree age can be determined through
the thickness of the ring band
70
Monocot stem characteristics
Vascular bundles in stems are separated throughout in monocotyledon.
71
Dicot stem characteristics
Vascular bundles in stems are organized in a ring-like pattern in dicotyledon.
72
Part of the plant that absorb light and carry out photosynthesis.
Leaves
73
The blade of the leaves are mostly
broad and flat
74
Leaves collects what in order to perform photosynthesis
Sunlight
75
Leaves are connected to the stem by?
Petiole
76
What is a mesophyll?
the internal ground tissue located between the two epidermal cell layers of the leaf
77
A specialized plant cell that surround each stoma
Guard cells
78
When guard cells change shape, stomata open and close
TRUE
79
What happens when stomata opens?
Water evaporates and gas
| exchanges
80
When does stomata closes?
- at night
| - when plant loses too much water
81
3 types of leaf forms
1. Simple
2. Compound
3. Double compound
82
2 types of leaf veins
1. Parallel
| 2. Pinnate
83
3 types of leaf margins
1. Toothed
2. Entire
3. Lobed
84
2 types of mesophyll cells
1. Palisade mesophyll
| 2. Spongy mesophyll
85
Type of mesophyll cell that absorbs sunlight
Palisade mesophyll
86
Type of mesophyll cell that connects to stomata
Spongy mesophyll
87
Leaves adaptation
1. For extreme temperatures
2. For water loss
3. For aquatic environments
4. For getting food
88
Monocot leaves characteristics
The system of the leaf is parallel in monocotyledons. These leaves are isobilateral.
89
Dicot leaves characteristics
There is the net-like system present in the leaf of dicotyledons. These leaves are dorsiventral.
