Plantations Flashcards
(17 cards)
What were the Irish plantations
The Irish Plantations refer to the 16th and 17th centuries when Irish land was confiscated by the English Crown and colonised by British settlers during the British Reformation
What were the three major groups in Ireland in the 1500s
The old English
The angelo-Irish
The Gaelic Irish
Who were the old English
Loyal to the English Crown, living in the Pale
Who were the angelo Irish
Anglo-Norman descendants who adopted many Gaelic customs
Who were the Gaelic Irish
Followed Brehon Law and did not recognize the English king
Name 3 Reasons for wanting to conquer Ireland
Expand territory.
Spread Protestantism.
Spread English customs and prevent rebellions
What was the policy of the plantation
Confiscated Irish lands were rented or sold to English settlers (plantation).
New settlers spread English language, customs, law, and religion
Who organised the plantation of Ulster
King James I (1603 – 1625
What happened during Ulster plantation
O’Neills of Tyrone and O’Donnells of Donegal led the Nine Years War against English control.
Defeated at the Battle of Kinsale in 1601.
Signed the Treaty of Mellifont in 1603, accepting English control.
The Flight of the Earls in 1607 saw Ulster chiefs flee to Europe.
James I succeeded Elizabeth I and started the Ulster Plantation
Who were the 2 groups against Ulster plantation
O’Neills of Tyrone and O’Donnells of Donegal
Name 5 results of Ulster plantation
Large numbers of planters arrived.
Ulster became loyal to the Crown.
Protestantism rose, leading to religious division.
New towns, markets, English-style houses, and stone castles were built.
New farming methods were introduced, increasing tillage farming
What were the three types of planters
Undertakers, Servitors, and Loyal Irish
How much were the states land divided into
Land divided into estates no larger than 2,000 acres.
What was The Effect of Plantation on Irish Identity (3)
By 1700, Protestants owned 85% of the land but made up only 15% of the population
The Penal Laws suppressed Catholics, preventing them from buying or inheriting land, owning good weapons or horses, working in government, attending Mass, or voting.
Protestant planters became the ruling social class.
Laois Offaly results
which failed due to lack of settlers.
Munster results
which had more success
Name 3 new towns from plantations
Colerains
Londenderry
Omagh
