plants

Question 1

equation for photo synthesis

Answer 1

6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy –> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 2

cellulose

Answer 2

primarily found in cells walls, it provides structural support while giving shape

Question 3

shoot system

Answer 3

• above ground
• provides structural support
• leaves preform photosynthesis

Question 4

root system

Answer 4

• below the ground
• anchor the plant
• absorbs water and minerals

Question 5

plant cells

Answer 5

• cell wall
• large vacuole
• chloroplast to enable photosynthesis

Question 6

Parenchyma

Answer 6

description - flexible cells within thin walls, spherical cells
when in leaves/stems they have chloroplast
when roots/fruits they dont have chloroplast
function - storage, tissue repair

Question 7

collenchyma

Answer 7

description - elongated, unevenly thick cell walls
function - provide flexibility for the plant, support surrounding tissue

Question 8

sclerenchyma

Answer 8

description - thick secondary walls, these walls contain lignin
function - die once growth is complete, provide support

Question 9

dermal tissue

Answer 9

outer layer of the cell

Question 10

vascular tissue

Answer 10

found - throughout the stem
monocot - vascular bundles are scattered
dicot - vascular bundles arranged in a ring

Question 11

xylem

Answer 11

transports water and minerals from the roots to leaves

Question 12

phloem

Answer 12

transports sugar to where they are needed

Question 13

ground tissue

Answer 13

fills the space between the dermal tissue and vascular tissue

Question 14

meristematic tissue

Answer 14

tissue that rapidly produces new cells by mitosis

Question 15

primary growth

Answer 15

accounts for plants lengthwise growth from root and shoot tips, all plants do this

Question 16

secondary growth

Answer 16

occurs when stem and roots increase in width

Question 17

apical growth

Answer 17

found in the tips of roots and stems, causes length growth

Question 18

intercalary meristem

Answer 18

found along the stem and at the base of the leaf blades

Question 19

vascular cambium

Answer 19

a cylinder of activity dividing cells located between the xylem and phloem

Question 20

cork cambium

Answer 20

produces tough layers of outside cork

Question 21

roots (function)

Answer 21

• anchor plants
• absorb water and nutrients
• store sugar

Question 22

specific cells in root tips

Answer 22

• a thick layer of parachyma that covers the meristems
• eperdermal tissue covers the whole thing

Question 23

root hairs

Answer 23

expand surface area to absorb water

Question 24

endodermis

Answer 24

the inner layer of the cortex and is wrapped in a wax-like casparison strip

Question 25

cortex

Answer 25

beeneth the epidermis it stores sugar and helps transport water to the xylem

Question 26

seed leaves

Answer 26

monocot - 1 dicot - 2

Question 27

how X and P are orgainzed in monocot and dicot roots

Answer 27

monocot - in rings dicot - x is located in an "X" postion p is located in bundles around x

Question 28

taproot

Answer 28

large thick roots, dicot, (carrot, danelion)

Question 29

fiberous

Answer 29

small branching roots, monocot (corn, grass)

Question 30

herbacous

Answer 30

stem that does not have wood, flexible, can carry out photosynthesis ex. asparagus

Question 31

woody stem

Answer 31

has wood, is hard, cannot do photosynthesis, has bark ex. trees

Question 32

stems

Answer 32

roles - to support the plant how they grow - through primary and secondary growth

Question 33

leaves (function)

Answer 33

photosynthesis

Question 34

cuticle

Answer 34

structure - a waxy coating around the plant function - to keep water in

Question 35

epidermis

Answer 35

structure - the outer layer of plant cells function - protection of plants internal organs

Question 36

palisad

Answer 36

structure - layer of elongated photosynthetic cells in columns under the epidermis function - photosynthesis

Question 37

spongy

Answer 37

structure - layer of loosely packed photosynthetic cells with large air spaces, lower parts function - gas exchange

Question 38

clues to identify leaves

Answer 38

- shape - vein pattern - arrangement of leaves

Question 39

two types of leaves

Answer 39

simple compound

Question 40

venation

Answer 40

veins within the leaf monocot - parrelle dicot - branching

Question 41

critical transport processes in plants

Answer 41

- sugar made by photosynthesis are transported by the phloem to all living cells - water and dissolved minerals are taken from the ground and brought to all cells by the xylem

Question 42

diffusion

Answer 42

movement of particules from a place of high concentration to low concentration

Question 43

osmosis

Answer 43

movement of water across membrane

Question 44

active transport

Answer 44

requires energy to move sugars and nutrients across cell membrane

Question 45

root pressure push

Answer 45

water is moved to roots via osmosis while epidermal cells use energy to move minerals to roots, its a positive pressure

Question 46

transpiration pull

Answer 46

as roots push water and nutrients upwards, transpiration creates low pressure, drawing water from below

Question 47

adhesion

Answer 47

make water stick to cellulose wall in the xylem

Question 48

cohesion

Answer 48

holds water molecules together via hydrogen bonds

Question 49

sugar sinks

Answer 49

growing roots, shoot tips, fruits ex. beetroot taps, potato tubers

Question 50

pressure flow model

Answer 50

1) active transport 2) a high concentration of sugar attracts water into the phloem by osmosis, pressure is greater at the source not the sink 3) fluids flow from high to low pressures, water moves in and out of the phloem based on concentration 4) sucrose is removed from the sink tissues, water also moves as the pressure decreases