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science-chapter 8 & ch 12,13 > plants test > Flashcards

plants test Flashcards

1
Q

describe cuticles

A

protects plant; waxy layer that coats most of the surface that expose to air; keep plants from drying out; thickness varies-depends where plant lives

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2
Q

describe cell wall

A

surrounds plant cell; outside cell membrane; cellulose; supports & protects the plant cell; when wall forms cell cannot grow larger

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3
Q

describe photosynthesis

A

chlorophyll inside chloroplasts; autotrophs; process that chloroplasts capture energy from sunlight to make food from water and carbon dioxide

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4
Q

green pigment that captured energy from sunlight

A

chlorophyll

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5
Q

sexual reproduction

A

gametophyte

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6
Q

two stages in plant life

A

sporophyte & gametophyte

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7
Q

most plants reproduce

A

asexually

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8
Q

make spores

A

sporophyte

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9
Q

spores that grow

A

gametophyte

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10
Q

example of nonvascular plants

A

mosses, liverworts, hornworts

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11
Q

example of vascular plants

A

flowers, plants with vascular tissues

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12
Q

plant that does not have specialized tissues to move water and nutrients through the plant

A

nonvascular plants

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13
Q

what do nonvascular plants depend on to move materials

A

diffusion

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14
Q

plant that has tissues to deliver water and nutrients from part of the plant to another

A

vascular plant

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15
Q

non-flowing seed plant

A

gymnosperm

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16
Q

flowing seed plants

A

angiosperms

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17
Q

example of seedless plant

A

fern, club moss, horse tails

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18
Q

latin meaning for GYMNOsperms

A

naked

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19
Q

what is the scientific name for leaves

A

cotelydus

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20
Q

what do angiosperms have

A

flowers

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21
Q

characteristics of nonvascular plants

A

not reproduce seeds, very short & small

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22
Q

large tube that carries water and nutrients to top of root

A

xylem

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23
Q

smaller tube that carries organic and inorganic nutrients in all directions

A

phloem

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24
Q

occurs when pollen moves from anthers to stigma

A

pollination

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25
when the sperm fuses with the egg
fertilization
26
type of tissue and vascular plants that supports the plant in holds water and nutrients from the root
xylem
27
tissue in vascular plants that holds food
phloem
28
male reproductive structure of the flower that makes Pollen and has anther at the top of the filament
stamen
29
female reproductive structure of the flower that make seed and has an ovary, style, and stigma
pistil
30
flower structure that produces pollen
anther
31
what in the flower allows carbon dioxide to enter
Stomata
32
what are three functions of the stem
support the plant body, transport materials, store materials
33
what type of stem is soft, thin, and flexible, and example would be a poppy
herbaceous
34
what stems are made of wood and bark in an example would be a tree
woody
35
pollen can be carried by _____ and ______
wind or animal pollinators
36
in fertilization sperm meets the egg and creates
embryo
37
after fertilization plants create a
1) embryo 2) cotyledon(seed leaves) food for baby plant 3) seed coat- protection for seed
38
before the embryo starts to grow it is
dormant
39
rootlike structure that holds Nonvascular plants in place
rhizoid
40
non-vascular plants live in places that are
damp
41
underground stem from new leaves/roots grown
rhizome
42
soap, Turpintine, paint, Ink
resin
43
angiosperms are used to make
Medicine, rubbers, perfume oil's, clothing, and rope
44
angiosperms are divided into what two classes
Monocots and eudicots
45
four common characteristics all plants share
cuticles, cell walls, photosynthesis, alteration of generation
46
how can plants be attractive to pollinators
brightly, colored, fragrant flowers use animals to Pollinate
47
what pollinators do you use if you have a dull, unscented flower
Wind
48
modified leaves, cover and protect the flower before it opens
sepals
49
bright and colorful; designed to attract pollinators
petals
50
male reproductive parts; contain filaments and anthers
stamens
51
female reproductive parts; stigma, style, ovary with ouvles
pistils
52
where does the pollen tube grow
down style to the ovule (inside the ovary)
53
after fertilization ovule develops into a
Seed
54
what does the seed contain
Embryo, cotyledons, seed coat
55
what part of the seed becomes a fruit
ovary
56
The process by which plants release water vapor into the air through stoma
Transpiration
57
The process by which plants, Algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food
photosynthesis
58
water enters the leaf through
The stem
59
Energy from the sun absorbed by
Clorophyll
60
glucose and oxygen are created in the
chloroplasts
61
oxygen is released through the
stomata
62
equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O ------> C6H12O6 + 6O2 -----> is light energy
63
what are some of roots we can eat
carrots, sweet potato, potato, turnips
64
what are some leaves we can eat
lettuce, spinach, kale
65
what are some flowers we can eat
artichoke, Cauliflower, broccoli
66
what are some fruit we can eat
avocado, tomato, olives, egg plant, squash
67
what are some stems we can eat
cinnamon, celery, sugarcane, asparagus
68
what are some seeds we can eat
pomegranate, peanuts, Edamame,black pepper, mustard
69
how are plants originated
green alga
70
how are green alga and fern related
same kind of chlorophyll, Similar cell walls, make their own food through photosynthesis, store energy in the form of starch, have a two-stage lifecycle
71
young plant
Sporophyte
72
thin stalk on the stamen
filament
73
sac like structure that produces pollen,
anther
74
Tip of the pistil
stigma
75
Long slender part of the pistil
style
76
each______ contains an egg
ovule
77
what develops into a fruit
ovary
78
what are some other methods of reproduction
plantlets, tubers, runners
79
tiny plants grow on the edges of the plant sleeps. These fall off and grow on their own
plantlets
80
underground stems, can produce new plants after a dormant season
tubers
81
above – ground stems from which new plants can grow
runners
82
anything that causes a reaction or change in an organism or any part of an organism
stimulus
83
A chemical that may cause cells to react in certain ways
hormone
84
The tendency of a plant to go toward light is caused by a group of plant hormones
auxins
85
increase in length
elongate
86
a plant hormone used to ripen fruit
ethylene
87
growth of all or part of organism in response to an exterior stimulus, such as light
tropism
88
A change in direction of the growth of a plant in response to light
Phototropism
89
change in Direction of the growth of a plant in response to gravity
gravitropism
90
what controls tropism
stimulus

science-chapter 8 & ch 12,13 (5 decks)

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