PlantsPlantsPlantsUgh

Question 1

Poisoning by ingestion of seleniferous plants can be seen in the following states EXCEPT:

a. SD
b. ND
c. WY
d. FL
e. MO

Answer 1

D. Florida

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT effective in the treatment of prevention of chronic selenium toxicosis?

Answer 2

intramuscular injection of BAL

Question 3

Which metal toxicosis causes inhibition of the activity of several enzymes in heme synthesis?

Answer 3

Lead

Question 4

The presence of an odor of rotten garlic in a fresh carcass is suggestive of acute toxicosis with?

Answer 4

Selenium

Question 5

A dog showing GI signs followed by a phase of apparent recovery, which deteriorates into multiorgan failure is most likely poisoned with oral?

Answer 5

iron

Question 6

The metal toxicosis LEAST likely to cause signs of gastroenteritis?

Answer 6

organic arsenic feed addititives

Question 7

Lameness, hoof abnormalities, emaciation, and loss of hair in cattle MOST likely suggests toxicosis with

Answer 7

chronic selenium

Question 8

A toxicant that causes elevated thiocyanate levels in urine is

Answer 8

cyanide

Question 9

Soluble oxalate poisoning is often associated with which plants?

Answer 9

Halogeton

Question 10

A selenium indicator plant which is grown widely in the west is?

Answer 10

Princes’s plume

Question 11

Dogs poisoned by ingesting large amounts of chocolate will be expected to show which of the following clinical signs?

Answer 11

convulsions, tremors, tachycardia, and urination

Question 12

Poisoning by which of the following plants may cause signs of vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency in monogastric animals?

Answer 12

horse tail

Question 13

Which plant is very toxic because it has a phytotoxin?

Answer 13

castor bean (Ricinus communis)

Question 14

This extremely toxic plant initially causes abdominal pain and vomiting in monogastric animals, followed by digitalis-like effects. This plant is known as?

Answer 14

oleander (Nerium oleander)

Question 15

Which poisonous plant is most likely to produce a photodynamic substance that causes photosensitivity?

Answer 15

St. Johnswort

Question 16

Ragwort or senecio (Senecio spp.) is a common plant in western Oregon and Washington that causes many losses in livestock, Mainly because it has this toxic principle.

Answer 16

pyrrolizidine alkaloids

Question 17

Sudden onset of signs of hepatic insufficiency such as weight loss, icterus, incoordination, head pressing, aimless wandering, walking in circles, and other signs of mania, GI distress, tenesmus, are mainly signs due to ingestion of

Answer 17

Ragwort

Question 18

The toxic principles of what plant act mainly by blocking nicotinic receptors at the neuromuscular junction

Answer 18

larkspur

Question 19

Which poisonous plant acts like a mechanism similar to vitamin D?

Answer 19

Day-blooming jessamine

Question 20

The toxic principle in day-blooming jessamine is

Answer 20

vitamin D analog

Question 21

A reddish-brown gas that produces bronchial constriction and pulmonary edema is

Answer 21

nitrogen dioxide

Question 22

Cyanide and hydrogen sulfide both

Answer 22

cause sudden death mainly due to preventing tissue oxygen utilization

Question 23

Which of the following statements concerning hydrogen sulfide and cyanide is true?

Answer 23

sodium nitrate is useful in their treatment

Question 24

Which of the following is least effective in the treatment of poisoning by cyanogenic plants?

Answer 24

activated charcoal orally

Question 25

What may be effective in the tx of poisoning by cyanogenic plants?

Answer 25

sodium nitrate IV, sodium thiosulfate IV, vinegar in cold water orally, activated charcoal orally, mineral oil orally

Question 26

The plant part that accumulates the highest amount nitrate is the

Answer 26

stalk

Question 27

a toxicant that causes very rapid death, has a characteristic odor, and causes bright red mucous membranes and cherry red blood

Answer 27

cyanide

Question 28

Chronic poisoning with which of the following is most likely to cause abortion in cattle due to decrease in progesterone production?

Answer 28

nitrate

Question 29

Late clinical signs of ethylene glycol poisoning are primarily related to

Answer 29

acute renal failure

Question 30

acute renal failure as a result of ethylene glycol toxicosis usually occurs how long after ingestion in the dog?

Answer 30

24-72 hours

Question 31

Atropine is useful in the tx of organophosphate toxicosis because it antagonized all of the following effects except:

Answer 31

muscle fasiculation

Question 32

The first clinical signs in organophosphate poisoning are mainly due to

Answer 32

muscarinic stimulation

Question 33

if the type of the anticoagulant rodenticide is unknown, duration of vitamin k1 treatment should be

Answer 33

3-4 weeks

Question 34

signs of chronic cyanide poisoning in horses are mainly due to

Answer 34

neuronal degeneration of the spinal cord and brain

Question 35

The plant that common causes cyanide poisoning is

Answer 35

wild cherry

Question 36

caladium is a common type of house plant. what is the primary toxic principle?

Answer 36

insoluble calcium oxalate

Question 37

which of the following metals is most likely to cross the BBB?

Answer 37

lead

Question 38

poisoning by which of the following toxicants is least likely to cause convulsive seizures in cattle?

Answer 38

chronic selenium

Question 39

chronic selenium in horses mainly causes

Answer 39

hoof abnormalities and loss of hair

Question 40

lameness, hoof abnormalities, emaciation, and loss of hair in cattle most likely suggests toxicosis with

Answer 40

chronic selenium

Question 41

A toxicant that most likely causes calcification of soft tissues is

Answer 41

cholecalciferol

Question 42

what do you not use in the tx of organophosphate poisoning in dogs

Answer 42

acepromazine

Question 43

The first clinical signs in organophosphate poisoning are mainly due to

Answer 43

muscarinic stimulation

Question 44

Administration of what drug will not increase warfarin toxicity?

Answer 44

phenobarbital

Question 45

What is the best sample for chem analysis to confirm a dx of cholecalciferol toxicosis?

Answer 45

serum

Question 46

cholecalciferol toxicosis is least likely to be associated with what (re: clinpath)

Answer 46

hypophosphatemia

Question 47

what is the best sample to submit to a tox lab to help confirm a dx of organophosphate in a live cow?

Answer 47

whole blood

Question 48

Vitamin D3 rodenticide toxicosis is associated with

Answer 48

hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia

Question 49

poisoning due to plants containing soluble oxalates is most common in

Answer 49

ruminants

Question 50

methemoglobin forms when

Answer 50

nitrate reduces hemoglobin to the ferrous state

Question 51

the toxic principle in monkshood is

Answer 51

cardiotoxic alkaloid

Question 52

signs of thiamine deficiency in the horse including loss of condition, incoordination, horse declined to move, knuckling of the fetlocks, muscle twitches, and convulsions are cause by chronic ingestion of

Answer 52

bracken fern

Question 53

the primary effect of pyrrolizidine alkaloids is

Answer 53

hepatic damage

Question 54

what is the specific antidote for jimsonweed poisoning?

Answer 54

phyostigmine

Question 55

a dog suffering from cardiac arrhythmias due to chocolate poisoning should be treated with

Answer 55

propanolol

Question 56

which of the following poisonous plants is most likely associated which neurotoxicity and causes neuronal vaculation?

Answer 56

locoweed

Question 57

poisoning caused by ingestion of large amounts of rhubarb is most likely associated with

Answer 57

kidney damage

Question 58

an animal showing signs of diarrhea, dry mouth and mucous membranes, dilated pupils, and convulsions or coma is most likely poisoned with

Answer 58

jimsonweed

Question 59

pyrrolizidine alkaloids from rattlebox are most likely to precipitate toxicosis with

Answer 59

copper

Question 60

poisoning by ergot in cattle shows clinical signs generally similar to chronic toxicosis with

Answer 60

PCP

Question 61

what poisonous plant may cause clinical signs due to a mechanism similar to warfarin poisoning?

Answer 61

spoiled sweet clover

Question 62

which of the following is contraindicated in snake envenomation?

Answer 62

glucocorticoids

Question 63

what is not a clinical sign for toad toxins?

Answer 63

hemolysis

Question 64

what has similar signs to ergot?

Answer 64

selenium

Question 65

T or F. All rattlesnake bites are envenomous and require antivenom

Answer 65

FALSE

Question 66

T or F. comparing organophosphate and carbamate - both are reversible

Answer 66

FALSE

Question 67

Patient presents with severe GI signs and then later with cardiac issues. what plant poisoned it?

Answer 67

oleander

Question 68

you have a confirmed horsetail toxicity. What are you going to tx with?

Answer 68

Vitamin B1 aka thiamine

Question 69

what toxin is in azalea

Answer 69

grayanotoxins

Question 70

what plant is a known phytotoxin

Answer 70

castor bean

Question 71

what does day lily cause in cats

Answer 71

nephrotoxicity

Question 72

what causes enzootic bovine hematuria and urinary neoplasm

Answer 72

brackenfern

Question 73

what toxin would giving O2 be helpful in?

Answer 73

cyanide

Question 74

patient presents with dark brown mm. what is poisoning them?

Answer 74

nitrate

Question 75

least effective treatment for cyanogenic plants

Answer 75

activated charcoal orally

Question 76

toxicant that causes elevated levels of thiocyanate in urine

Answer 76

cyanide

Question 77

what is the test for cyanide poisoning?

Answer 77

picrate paper test

Question 78

how would you treat soluble oxalates?

Answer 78

calcium gluconate

Question 79

is marijuana super lethal

Answer 79

nah

Question 80

What is the toxin in oaks?

Answer 80

tannin

Question 81

what dried leaves are toxic to horses?

Answer 81

red maple

Question 82

Cocklebur

Answer 82

hepatotoxicity

Question 83

English Ivy

Answer 83

triterpenoid saponins

Question 84

arrowhead vine

Answer 84

insoluble oxalate

Question 85

After absorption and distribution, organophosphate pesticides have the highest concentration in the

Answer 85

skin, mucous membranes, GI tract, and inhalation

Question 86

What is an insecticide that is less toxic to young calves than adult cattle?

Answer 86

pyrethrin

Question 87

What are the longest-lasting insecticides in the environment?

Answer 87

chlorinated hydrocarbons

Question 88

what is the best sample to submit to a toxicology laboratory to help confirm a diagnosis of organophosphate in a live cow?

Answer 88

whole blood

Question 89

vitamin D3 rodenticide toxicosis is associated with

Answer 89

hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia

Question 90

Carbamate and organophosphate pesticides can be activated by storage - True of False?

Answer 90

FALSE! carbamate cannot be activated by storage

Question 91

the first clinical signs in organophosphate poisoning are mainly due to

Answer 91

muscarinic stimulation

Question 92

to help confrim your dx of organophosphate poisoning ind dead angus steer, you should look for the parent compound in which specimen?

Answer 92

rumen content

Question 93

A dog showing signs of anorexia, vomiting blood, cardiac arrhythmias, polyuria and polydipsia is most likely intoxicated with

Answer 93

cholecalciferol

Question 94

cholecalciferol toxicosis is least likely to be associated with what clinicopathological change?

Answer 94

hypophosphatemia

Question 95

clinical signs of delayed organophosphate toxicosis are mainly due to

Answer 95

peripheral neurotoxicity

Question 96

what 3 things are you going to use in organophosphate toxicosis?

Answer 96

atropine, fluide tx, O2 tx

Question 97

What metal is least likely to cause hemolytic anemia

Answer 97

lead

Question 98

True or False - dipyridyl herbicides are plant hormones that change plant metabolism resulting in creasing toxicity of plants by improving plant palatability and increasing toxin content

Answer 98

FALSE

Question 99

chinese evergreen

Answer 99

insoluble calcium oxalate

Question 100

sago palm

Answer 100

neuro entero and hepatic toxicity/ cycasin toxin and is a glycoside

Question 101

what treatment do you use against organophosphate for muscle fasiculation?

Answer 101

2PAM

Question 102

Which plant toxicosis results in tenesmus?

Answer 102

scenetio

Question 103

what is least likely to cause seizure in cattle?

Answer 103

chronic selenium

Question 104

Rattlebox

Answer 104

pyrrolzindine alkaloid. Hepatotoxic!

Question 105

death due to cholinesterase inhibitors, how did you die?

Answer 105

respiratory failure (organophostphate and/or carbamates)

Question 106

Tell me about toad poisoning

Answer 106

rapid onset, salivation, neuro/cardio/brickred mm

Question 107

oleander is a what?

Answer 107

cardiac glycoside