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pt care III > plaque control and hygiene aids- boles > Flashcards

plaque control and hygiene aids- boles Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

 Plaque – primary agent in development of:

A

 Dental Caries
 Periodontal Disease

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2
Q

 Plaque Control leads to:

A

 Resolution of gingival inflammation in the early stages
 Reduction of calculus formation

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3
Q

 Oral health can neither be attained or preserved without:

A

 Oral health can neither be attained or preserved without
plaque control

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4
Q

must get what for effective plaque control?

A

pt attention

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5
Q

how we can get pt attention for plaque control?

A

 Educate the patient
 Show patient disease in his/her
own mouth
 Bleeding points
 Periodontal probing
 Red, bleeding gums
 Utilize disclosing agent
 Educational tool
 Motivational tool

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6
Q

home care instructions should be?

A

 Need to be effective/personalized
 Be non-traumatic when cleaning the teeth

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7
Q

what to consider with home care instructions

A

 Areas of plaque accumulation: Interproximal, buccal, lingual, occlusal
 Restorative dentistry: Crowns, bridges, overhangs, etc.
 Anatomical features: Embrasure spaces, furcation involvement, etc.
 Patient’s dexterity
 Patient’s motivation

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8
Q

most important features of toothbrushes

A

 Able to reach all areas to be cleaned
 Size of head is appropriate for patient
 No tissue trauma

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9
Q

possible bristle materials

A

natural and nylon

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10
Q

natural bristles

A

Made of wild boar or hog hair
 Bristles vary greatly in each
filament
 Varies texture, size, flexibility
 Absorbs water, bristles soften
 Hollow bristles
 May harbor bacteria

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11
Q

nylon bristles

A

 Flex 10x’s more before breaking
 Do not split or abrade
 Easier to clean and dry more
rapidly
 Shape, stiffness of bristles more
standardized: Manufactured according to federal specifications

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12
Q

bristle shape round vs blunt

A

End rounded vs. blunt cut
 Researched determined:
 Rounded, tapered, or smooth bristles
were less abrasive
 Rounded bristle tips are recommended

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13
Q

bristle texture

A

 Bristle resistance to pressure
 Firmness, stiffness, hardness
 Thinner filaments = softer, more resilient
 Soft: .007-.009 inches
 Medium: .010-.012 inches
 Hard: .013-.015 inches
recomend softer, less abrasive

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14
Q

toothbrush replacement

A

 Average life of toothbrush – 3 months
 Signs of bristles splaying
 Consider replacing after illness

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15
Q

ADA positions on brushing freq/ our recomendation

A

ADA: brush regularly
us: 2x for 2 min

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16
Q

can pt completely remove plaque

A

rarely completely remove plaque

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17
Q

can pt estimate time they brush? spend most time where?

A

 Patients over-estimate time they brush
 Spend most of time on the facial surfaces

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18
Q

toothbrushing techniques

A

bass and fones

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19
Q

bass technique for sulcus

A

 Angle bristles toward gingival
margin (approximately 45o angle)
 Gently press bristles to enter sulcus and/or embrasures= Subgingival cleansing, gingival stimulation

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20
Q

bass technique for facial

A

 Vibrate brush (or use small strokes) without disengaging bristles
 ‘Roll’ the instrument toward the incisal/occlusal
 Replace and repeat on next 2 or 3 teeth

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21
Q

bass technique for lingual

A

 Turn brush lengthwise
 Place ‘heel’ of brush along gingival margin
 Vibrate to dislodge plaque
 ‘Roll’ the toothbrush to cleanse the lingual surface

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22
Q

fones technique

A

 90 Degrees to tooth
 Larger circles over teeth and gingiva
 Easy for children to pick up
 Option for those with limited dexterity

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23
Q

common forms of improper brushing

A

 Hard toothbrush
 Horizontal scrubbing
 Excessive pressure
 Toothpaste too abrasive= Gingival recession and Cervical abrasion

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24
Q

ADA guidelines for acceptance of powered toothbrushes
safety?
efficacy of?
labeling?

A

 Laboratory evidence of electrical
safety
 Clinical evidence of hard/soft tissue
safety under unsupervised conditions
 Clinical evidence of plaque and
gingivitis efficacy when compared to
other ADA accepted toothbrush
 Evidence of proper labeling and
advertising claims

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25
mechanical actions of powered brushes
 Uses the motion of the bristles to remove plaque and debris via Rotation oscillation
26
sonic actions of powered brush
 Emits soundwaves in addition to the movement of the brush filaments
27
ionic brushes
 Temporarily reverses the negative ionic charge of a tooth to positive  Portion of toothbrush that is also positively charge “attracts” the plaque and food particles away from the tooth  Allows bristles the brush the loosened particles away
28
mechanical vs manual brush reductions in plaque and gingivitis
benefits for mechanical  11% reduction in plaque at 1-3 months  21% reduction in plaque after 3 months  6% reduction in gingivitis at 1-3 months  11% reduction in gingivitis after 3 months
29
choose interprox aid based on:
 Size of interdental spaces  Presence of furcation(s)  Ortho or fixed appliance  Tooth alignment
30
purpose of flossing
The purpose of flossing is to remove interproximal plaque....not to dislodge food wedged between the teeth.
31
waxed tape indications
embrasure II and III loose contact large SA
32
wax tape pros
tear resistant
33
wax tape cons
no good for tight contacts
34
wax dental floss indications
embrasure I tight contacts with rough surfaces
35
waxed floss pros
strong shred resistant no tissue trauma
36
waxed floss cons
pt comfort
37
unwaxed round floss infications
embrasure I
38
unwaxed round floss pros
easy insertion
39
unwaxed round floss cons
easy tears with calculus/defective restorations
40
super floss indications
embrasure I and II fixed bridges ortho implant prothesis
41
super floss pros
cover more SA easy to insert
42
super floss cons
req coordination caught on rough surfaces
43
colored floss indication
beginners/weak eye sight
44
colors floss pros
motivation/education increased compliance
45
colored floss cons
none
46
flavored floss indications
pts without motivation
47
flavored floss pros
motivational
48
flavored floss cons
none
49
# what if limited dexterity? prepparing floss for flossing
 Tear off an adequate amount of dental floss  Wrap floss around middle fingers Floss is maneuvered between thumb and index finger  The ‘spool’ method may be easier for someone with less dexterity.**
50
insertion of floss into contact
The floss is moved back and forth until it is through the contact  See-saw motion  Do NOT ‘pop’ the floss
51
adapting floss to tooth surface
 Adapt to each interproximal surface by making C-shape.  Floss should be placed into sulcus area
52
flossing motion
 Once the floss is below the contact area and wrapped around the tooth, it should be moved “up and down” against the tooth
53
floss cuts
can occur if going too fast or hard
54
floss holders recommended for:  Physical?  Poor what?  Limited?  Large?  Sensitive? difficulty with?
 Physical disabilities  Poor manual dexterity  Limited mouth opening  Large hands  Sensitive gag reflex  Difficulty with manual flossing
55
Floss Swords/Daily Flossers  Disadvantage?
 Plastic toothpick on one end, floss on the other  Disadvantage: floss cannot be changed as it gets used
56
# helpful for? automated flossers
 May help with patient motivation  Helpful for patients who need handle with larger diameter
57
Floss Threaders  Used to?  Ideal for:
 Floss is threaded through loop  Used to carry floss interproximally  Ideal for:  abutment teeth  beneath pontics  ortho appliances  teeth that are splinted together  tight contact
58
Super Floss  Ideal for:
 Ideal for plaque removal under pontics and ortho appliances
59
Platypus Ortho Flosser
Created to floss around orthodontic brackets - Floss spread between two “spatula” ends - Bracket brush on the opposite end
60
Interdental Brushes(Proxybrush)  Used for:
 large embrasures  teeth with concavities  around fixed appliances  ortho appliances  Furcations ( Class III, IV)
61
Soft Picks  work around appliances?  Easy to use for what patients?  Latex?
 Soft, flexible bristles  Tapered to work around appliances  Easy to use for patients who find flossing cumbersome  Latex free
62
Rubber-tipped stimulator  Primary use?  Limited use for?
 Primary use is for gingival massage  Limited use for removing plaque from exposed furcation(s), along gingival margins, and open embrasures
63
End-tuft toothbrush  Useful for? around what appliances? lingual of? distal of most? embrasure spaces? exposed ?
 Useful for difficult to reach places: around ortho appliances around pontic(s) lingual of crowded lower anterior teeth distal of most posterior teeth wide embrasure spaces exposed furcation(s)
64
Sulcus Brush
More narrowed brush head Fits along the gumline Softer bristles for inflamed gums
65
Toothpick Holders(Perio-aid; D-PLAK-R) Trace along? May be used along?
 Trace along gingival margins to remove plaque in sulcus/pockets  May be used along: crown margins accessible furcations concave proximal surfaces orthodontic appliances
66
Wooden or Plastic Triangular Sticks (Stim-U-Dent)  most common material?  cross-section shape?  Stick is inserted from?  Moved from?
 Balsa or birchwood most common  Triangular in cross-section  Stick is inserted from the facial, with flat surface resting on gingiva  Moved from buccal to lingual
67
Other aids
 Pipe cleaners  Yarn  Gauze
68
Oral Irrigators  Can result in?  Irrigation not indicated for pts who?  Irrigation alone is ineffective in?
 Can result in disruption of loosely attached or unattachedc supra/subgingival plaque  Irrigation not indicated for pts who have effective OH or no inflammation  Irrigation alone is ineffective in reducing inflammation
69
best benefots of irrigation seen in?
 Best benefit is seen when irrigation is combined with toothbrushing  Pts with ortho appliances, bridges, or implants
70
Irrigation with antimicrobials
 Some clinical and microbial improvements noted in gingivitis patients with Irrigation with chlorhexidine vs irrigation with water

pt care III (14 decks)

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