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Patient Care 3 > Plaque Control and Oral Hygiene Aids > Flashcards

Plaque Control and Oral Hygiene Aids Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

Plaque – primary agent in development of:
(2)

A

 Dental Caries
 Periodontal Disease

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2
Q

Plaque Control leads to:
(2)

A

 Resolution of gingival inflammation in the early stages
 Reduction of calculus formation

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3
Q

Oral health can neither be attained or preserved without

A

plaque control

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4
Q

To have effective plaque control,
have to

A

get your patients attention

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5
Q

Plaque Control Depends
on

A

YOU

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6
Q

Plaque Control Depends
on YOU
(3)

A

 Educate the patient
 Show patient disease in his/her
own mouth
 Utilize disclosing agent

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7
Q

Show patient disease in his/her
own mouth
(3)

A

 Bleeding points
 Periodontal probing
 Red, bleeding gums

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8
Q

Utilize disclosing agent
(2)

A

 Educational tool
 Motivational tool

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9
Q

Home care instructions
(2)

A

 Need to be effective/personalized
 Be non-traumatic when cleaning the teeth

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10
Q

Home care instructions
Consider the following:
(5)

A

 Areas of plaque accumulation
 Restorative dentistry
 Anatomical features
 Patient’s dexterity
 Patient’s motivation

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11
Q

 Areas of plaque accumulation

A

 Interproximal, buccal, lingual, occlusal

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12
Q

 Restorative dentistry

A

 Crowns, bridges, overhangs, etc.

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13
Q

 Anatomical features

A

 Embrasure spaces, furcation involvement, etc.

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14
Q

Toothbrushes
 Most important features:
(3)

A

 Able to reach all areas to be cleaned
 Size of head is appropriate for patient
 No tissue trauma

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15
Q

Toothbrush Bristles
 Natural
(4)

A

 Made of wild boar or hog hair
 Bristles vary greatly in each
filament
 Absorbs water, bristles soften
 Hollow bristles

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16
Q

 Bristles vary greatly in each
filament

A

 Varies texture, size, flexibility

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17
Q

 Hollow bristles

A

 May harbor bacteria

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18
Q

Toothbrush Bristles
 Nylon
(4)

A

 Flex 10x’s more before breaking
 Do not split or abrade
 Easier to clean and dry more
rapidly
 Shape, stiffness of bristles more
standardized

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19
Q

 Shape, stiffness of bristles more
standardized

A

 Manufactured according to federal
specifications

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20
Q

Bristle Shape
 End rounded vs. blunt cut
(3)

A

 Researched determined:
 Rounded, tapered, or smooth bristles
were less abrasive
 Rounded bristle tips are recommended

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21
Q

Bristle Texture
(3)

A

 Bristle resistance to pressure
 Firmness, stiffness, hardness
 Thinner filaments = softer,
more resilient

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22
Q

Thinner filaments = softer,
more resilient
 Soft:
 Medium:
 Hard:

A

.007-.009 inches
.010-.012 inches
.013-.015 inches

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23
Q

Toothbrush Replacement
(3)

A

 Average life of toothbrush – 3 months
 Signs of bristles splaying
 Consider replacing after illness

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24
Q

ADA’s position –

Study These Flashcards
A

“brush regularly”

25
Patients rarely completely remove
plaque
26
Patients over-estimate time they brush
 Spend most of time on the facial surfaces
27
Importance of: (3)
 Daily fluoride use  Routine brushing pattern  Emphasis on all areas
28
Toothbrushing Techniques
 Bass (modified)*  Rolling  Stillman  Charters  Fones (circular)*  Leonard  Horizontal  Smith-Modified IMPORTANT  Bass (modified)*  Fones (circular)*
29
skipped - kind of Bass (modified) (10)
 Angle bristles toward gingival margin (approximately 45o angle)  Gently press bristles to enter sulcus and/or embrasures  Subgingival cleansing, gingival stimulation  Vibrate brush (or use small strokes) without disengaging bristles  ‘Roll’ the instrument toward the incisal/occlusal  Replace and repeat on next 2 or 3 teeth Turn brush lengthwise  Place ‘heel’ of brush along gingival margin  Vibrate to dislodge plaque  ‘Roll’ the toothbrush to cleanse the lingual surface
30
Fone’s (circular) (4)
 90 Degrees to tooth  Larger circles over teeth and gingiva  Easy for children to pick up  Option for those with limited dexterity
31
Improper Toothbrushing (4)
 Hard toothbrush  Horizontal scrubbing  Excessive pressure  Toothpaste too abrasive
32
 Toothpaste too abrasive (2)
 Gingival recession  Cervical abrasion
33
skipped ADA guidelines for acceptance of powered toothbrushes (4)
 Laboratory evidence of electrical safety  Clinical evidence of hard/soft tissue safety under unsupervised conditions  Clinical evidence of plaque and gingivitis efficacy when compared to other ADA accepted toothbrush  Evidence of proper labeling and advertising claims
34
Mechanical action of brush (2)
 Uses the motion of the bristles to remove plaque and debris Rotation oscillation
35
Sonic action of toothbrush
 Emits soundwaves in addition to the movement of the brush filaments
36
Ionic action of toothbrush (3)
 Temporarily reverses the negative ionic charge of a tooth to positive  Portion of toothbrush that is also positively charge “attracts” the plaque and food particles away from the tooth  Allows bristles the brush the loosened particles away
37
Plain language summary:  The evidence produced shows benefits in using a powered toothbrush when compared with a manual toothbrush (4)
 11% reduction in plaque at 1-3 months  21% reduction in plaque after 3 months  6% reduction in gingivitis at 1-3 months  11% reduction in gingivitis after 3 months
38
Choose Interproximal Aid based on: (4)
 Size of interdental spaces  Presence of furcation(s)  Ortho or fixed appliance  Tooth alignment
39
Flossing  The purpose of flossing is to
remove interproximal plaque....not to dislodge food wedged between the teeth.
40
skipped Flossing
Tear off an adequate amount of dental floss  Wrap floss around middle fingers Floss is maneuvered between thumb and index finger  The ‘spool’ method may be easier for someone with less dexterity.** The floss is moved back and forth until it is through the contact- See-saw motion  Do NOT ‘pop’ the floss  Adapt to each interproximal surface by making C-shape.  Floss should be placed into sulcus area Once the floss is below the contact area and wrapped around the tooth, it should be moved “up and down” against the tooth
41
Floss Holders  Recommended for patient’s with: (6)
 Physical disabilities  Poor manual dexterity  Limited mouth opening  Large hands  Sensitive gag reflex  Difficulty with manual flossing
42
Floss Swords/Daily Flossers (2)
 Plastic toothpick on one end, floss on the other  Disadvantage: floss cannot be changed as it gets used
43
Automated Flossers (2)
 May help with patient motivation  Helpful for patients who need handle with larger diameter
44
Floss Threaders (2)
 Floss is threaded through loop  Used to carry floss interproximally
45
Floss Threaders Ideal for: (5)
 abutment teeth  beneath pontics  ortho appliances  teeth that are splinted together  tight contact
46
Super Floss
 Ideal for plaque removal under pontics and ortho appliances
47
Platypus Ortho Flosser (3)
Created to floss around orthodontic brackets - Floss spread between two “spatula” ends - Bracket brush on the opposite end
48
Interdental Brushes (Proxybrush)  Used for: (5)
 large embrasures  teeth with concavities  around fixed appliances  ortho appliances  Furcations ( Class III, IV)
49
Soft Picks (4)
 Soft, flexible bristles  Tapered to work around appliances  Easy to use for patients who find flossing cumbersome  Latex free
50
Rubber-tipped stimulator (2)
 Primary use is for gingival massage  Limited use for removing plaque from exposed furcation(s), along gingival margins, and open embrasures
51
End-tuft toothbrush  Useful for difficult to reach places: (6)
around ortho appliances around pontic(s) lingual of crowded lower anterior teeth distal of most posterior teeth wide embrasure spaces exposed furcation(s)
52
Sulcus Brush (3)
More narrowed brush head Fits along the gumline Softer bristles for inflamed gums
53
Toothpick Holders (Perio-aid; D-PLAK-R)
 Trace along gingival margins to remove plaque in sulcus/pockets
54
Toothpick Holders (Perio-aid; D-PLAK-R) May be used along: (4)
crown margins accessible furcations concave proximal surfaces orthodontic appliances
55
Wooden or Plastic Triangular Sticks (Stim-U-Dent) (4)
 Balsa or birchwood most common  Triangular in cross-section  Stick is inserted from the facial, with flat surface resting on gingiva  Moved from buccal to lingual
56
Other aids (3)
 Pipe cleaners  Yarn  Gauze
57
Oral Irrigators  Can result in disruption of  Irrigation not indicated for pts who have  Irrigation alone is  Best benefit is seen when irrigation is combined with  Pts with
loosely attached or unattached supra/subgingival plaque effective OH or no inflammation ineffective in reducing inflammation toothbrushing ortho appliances, bridges, or implants
58
Irrigation with antimicrobials (2)
 Some clinical and microbial improvements noted in gingivitis patients  Irrigation with chlorhexidine vs irrigation with water
59
Preventive Philosophy (4)
 Must be promoted by all staff members, but your role is most significant  Treat your patients as individuals  Provide accurate information  Reinforce; don’t assume your patient understood everything

Patient Care 3 (25 decks)

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