plaque & Gingivitis Flashcards
(26 cards)
what sit he evidence of plaque causing gingivitis
epidemiological evidence
experimental gingivitis studies
what is the epidemiological evidence
more plaque assc with greater levels of gingivitis
what is the experimental gingivitis studies
group of carefully controlled experimental studies where plaque its allowed to develop
who carried ou experimental gingivitis studies and what are the findings
prof harold loe
gingivitis develops with appear of supragigival plaque
resolves with loss of supra gingival plaque
what si the significance of loe’s findings
classic study relationship between plaque and gingivitis
stop OH for 21days
then tooth brush recommence
what sit he plaque index
qualitative ranked scale 0 - no plaque 1 - thin film of plaque 2 - moderate 3 - gross deposits on tooth
what si th gingival index
qualititataive ranked scale
0 - healthy
1 - mild inflam - no BOP, slight colour change
2 - moderate - red, oedema, BOP
3 - severe - red, oedema, ulceration, spontaneous bleed
what does ceasing OH do
plaque accumulation
gingivitis
when does clinically obi gingivitis appear
10-21 days without OH
this is reversible
what does chlorhexidine do in relation to gingivitis
restart OH
remove plaque
excluded idea that mechanical stimulation of gingiva was involed
how does age inflict upon gingivitis
children
- accumulate large amounts of plaque
- show little gingival inflammation
elderly - severe inflam assc with small amount plaque
what is the conclusions assc with OH
very 48 hours meticulous hygiene needed atlas 2/3 times a day
what is the plaque theory assc bacteria
greater bac in indiv w/inflam gingiva
topical Ab reduce
bac = pahtogens can prod damaging enzymes etc
what si the epidemiology of the plaque theory
OH related to perio disease
OH control reduced incidence of gingivitis
what were the animal studies of the plaque theory
beagle dogs
mech abuse in germ free animals did not cause gingival inflam
what is the immunology assc with plaque theory
Abs for plaque bac ic when gingivalinflm present
inc lymphocytes
what are the 3 types of plaque hypotheses
sp
non sp
ecological plaque
what is the sp plaque hypothesis
since pathogen in plaque
(actinomyces, spirochetes, GNAB)
no evidence of removing one sp preventing disease
what is the periodontal pathogen
high num assc with disease
pt show immune response
clinical treat target microbe should produce clinicalimporveent
what sit he non sp plaque hypothesis
no single organism
bac prolif overocmes host resist
combined virulence factors
to rid need total value control - scale and too planing
why sit he mechanism of no sp plaque hypothesis
vary sp, high numbers
protected from abrasion
external to host defences
what are some products of no sp plaque bacteria
endotoxins - LPS exotoxins fermentation products enzymes adjuvants matrix
what sit he ecological plaque hypothesis
all bac sp contribute
envy conditions lead to build virulent bac
- cause egingivitsi and also periodontitis
total plaque control to treat
what are some sp species asscw tis gingivitis
porphyromonas gigivalis prevotella intimedia tannerlla forsyhtia fusobacterium nucleatum aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
