plumbing science

Question 1

what is brass

Answer 1

brass is alloy.

Question 2

what is aluminium

Answer 2

aluminium is a non ferrous and is the most abundant metal on earth.

Question 3

2 non ferrous metals

Answer 3

lead is normal the galina ore zinc usually occurs in thin veins known as rakes or as a secondary deposit.

Question 4

what are non ferrous metals

Answer 4

non ferrous metals are those that do not contain iron. They do not rust. However , they can corrode over time.

Question 5

what are ferrous metals

Answer 5

ferrous metals contain iron , such as steel and cast iron. Ferrous metals corrode easily in the presence of water and air.

Question 6

what are plastics

Answer 6

plastics play a huge part in the installation of modern plumbing systems. Most systems can now be installed in some sort of plastic material, be it cold water , hot water , central heating or sanitation systems.

Question 7

what is polybutylene

Answer 7

it is used for push fit hot and cold water installations

Question 8

what is abs

Answer 8

water supply - potable water for apartments

Question 9

what is copper used for

Answer 9

tubes fittings , heat exchangers.

Question 10

what is brass used for

Answer 10

compression fittings, boiler components

Question 11

what is bronze used for

Answer 11

heat exchangers where the risk of corrosion is high

Question 12

what is gun metal used for

Answer 12

compression fittings , boiler components

Question 13

what is zinc used for

Answer 13

used in its molten state as galvanising for galvanised low carbon steel tubes and fittings.

Question 14

what is iron used for?

Answer 14

in its cast form it is used for cast iron pipes , gutters and boiler heat exchangers.

Question 15

what is lead used for?

Answer 15

sheet roof weathering.

Question 16

what are ceramic tiles for?

Answer 16

they have many applications and used extensively in bathrooms

Question 17

what is fir clay for?

Answer 17

is used for heavy duty appliances, such as Belfast sinks , London sinks

Question 18

what is sheer strength?

Answer 18

the maximum force a material can withstand when being twisted

Question 19

what is ductility ?

Answer 19

the amount that a material can be pulled, pushed , stretched or deformed without breaking

Question 20

what is elasticity?

Answer 20

the length that a material can be stretched and returned to its original length.

Question 21

what is specific heat capacity?

Answer 21

the amount of heat required to raise 1kg of a substance through 1 degree C

Question 22

what is the formula for specific heat capacity?

Answer 22

specific heat value x kg x temperature rise 1kg of water to rise 5 degree C

Question 23

what is linear expansion?

Answer 23

length of material x the temperature rise x the coefficient of expansion for that material.

Question 24

what is galvanic corrosion?

Answer 24

where one metal corrodes preferably when it is in electrical contact.

Question 25

what is evaporation?

Answer 25

when liquid turns into a gas.

Question 25

what is electrolytic corrosion?

Answer 25

the further away metals are in the electromotive series , quicker the electrolytic corrosion takes place.

Question 26

what is freezing?

Answer 26

when a liquid turn into gas

Question 27

what is condensation?

Answer 27

when a gas turns into liquid - when it rains or when water droplets form on cold surface.

Question 28

what is the chemical symbol for water?

Answer 28

the chemical symbol for water is H20.

Question 29

what is the boiling point of water?

Answer 29

the boiling point of water is 100 degrees C

Question 30

what is the maximum density of water?

Answer 30

the maximum density of water is 4 degrees C

Question 31

what temperature does water freeze at?

Answer 31

water freezes at 0 degrees C or 273 K

Question 32

what are water softeners?

Answer 32

the only way to fully remove hard water is to install a water softener.

Question 33

what is flow rate?

Answer 33

the amount of fluid that flows through a pipe at a given.

Question 33

what is velocity?

Answer 33

the rate at which an object changes its position taking into account speed and direction.

Question 34

what is force?

Answer 34

an influence on an object that may cause it to move

Question 35

which ways can heat be transferred?

Answer 35

conduction, convection, radiation.

Question 36

what is radiation?

Answer 36

this is heat transfer via infrared light.

Question 37

what types of gasses are used in the plumbing industry?

Answer 37

propane, butane, natural gas.

Question 38

what is resistance?

Answer 38

the ohm is the unit of resistance, which opposes the flow of current.

Question 39

how does conduction occur?

Answer 39

when materials or objects are in direct contact with each other.

Question 40

what causes siphonage to occur?

Answer 40

when the fluid flows to the highest portion of the bend pipe due to the pressure difference.

Question 41

how does limescale build up?

Answer 41

where water is heated or left standing.

Question 42

when does the change of state occur?

Answer 42

when they are heated or cooled.

Question 43

what is the SI unit for measuring electric current?

Answer 43

the ampere.

Question 44

what is specific heat capacity measured in?

Answer 44

Joules per kilogram per degree Celsius.

Question 45

what is a sinusoidal waveform?

Answer 45

a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function.

Question 46

what scale do we use indicator level Acidity and Alkane?

Answer 46

PH scale

Question 47

What type of pipe insulation is used?

Answer 47

Lagging

Question 48

what is the purpose of insulation in a hot water cylinder?

Answer 48

to prevent heat loss and save energy.

Question 49

How is soldering able to run a pipe?

Answer 49

capillary action?

Question 50

what type of water corrodes pipe work?

Answer 50

Soft water

Question 51

Which type of water is difficult to lather?

Answer 51

hard water

Question 52

limescale deposits form by which type of water?

Answer 52

temporary hard water