PMLS TOPIC 3

Question 2

3 TESTING PHASES

Answer 2

-pre-analytical phase
-analytical
-post analytical phase

Question 3

all the complex steps must be taken place before a sample can be analyzed

Answer 3

Preanalysis phase

Question 4

32-35% of testing errors happens here

Answer 4

Preanalysis phase

Question 5

PATIENT RELATED VARIABLES: PSYSIOLOGY

Answer 5

-Diurnal variable
-excercise
-fasting
-diet
-age,gender, race
-posture

Question 6

2 TYPES OF PATIENT RELATED VARIABLES: COLLECTION

Answer 6

-IN VIVO
-IN VITRO

Question 7

Tobacco smoking, Alcohol and drug ingestion

Answer 7

In vivo

Question 8

-hemolyze
-icteric
-lipemic
-hemodiluted/ concentrated
-anticoagulant use

Answer 8

In vitro

Question 9

Laboratory tests are usually ordered _______ &______

Answer 9

electronically or in writing

Question 10

is the most error free

Answer 10

Online computer input

Question 11

are made only in emergency situations and should be documented on a standard form

Answer 11

Verbal request

Question 12

PATIENT DEMOGRAPHIC

Answer 12

-patients name
-age or sex
-Date of birth
-Date of admission
-date of test order
-location
-attending physician

Question 13

LAB INFORMATION SYSTEM (LIS)

Answer 13

-List of available test
-type of specimens required
-Collection method
-Blood collection tubes
-amount of blood/ body fluid required
-turn around time
-costs

Question 14

In collection, ensure

Answer 14

• I’d of patent
  -Labeling of specimen
  -patient consent and privacy
  -chain of custody

Question 15

TEST REQUIRING COC

Answer 15

-HIV TESTING
-DRUG TESTING
-NUCLEIC ACID TEST
-NETWORKING TESTS/SEND OUT TESTS

Question 16

MOST COMMON TESTS ARE P________&_______

Answer 16

ASAP AND STAT

Question 17

most common specimen, performed using a needle/adapter assembly/attached to a syringe/ evacuated glass

Answer 17

BLOOD (WB,SERUM,PLASMA)

Question 18

PROBLEMATIC SITES

Answer 18

-Burns,scars tatoos
-Damaged veins
-edema
-hematoa
-mastectomy
-IV sites fistula

Question 19

Converted from glass to plastic tubes to minimize exposure to biohazard and broken glass

Answer 19

Blood collection tubes

Question 20

contains addetives which serves specific functions

Answer 20

tube addetives

Question 21

tube addetives are categorized as:

Answer 21

-ANTICOAGULANT
-ANTIGLYCOLYTIC AGENTS
-CLOT ACTIVATORS
-THIXOTROPIC GEL

Question 22

-Prevents blood from clotting
EDTA,Citrate,Heparin,oxalate

Answer 22

Anticoagulants

Question 23

-Prevents glycolysis
-sodium flouride

Answer 23

ANTIGLYCOLYTIC agents

Question 24

-speeds up clotting
-thrombin,silica particles, diatomite

Answer 24

Clot activators

Question 25

separates serum/plasma from cells

Answer 25

THIXOTROPIC GEL

Question 26

Anticoagulant of choice for hematologic counts and morbhology

Answer 26

EDTA

Question 27

EDTA HAS TWO SALTS:

Answer 27

K2EDTA & K3EDTA SPRAY-DRIED OR LIQUID FORM

Question 28

Used for coagulation studies and sediment rates

Answer 28

Citrates

Question 29

sensitive about anticoagulant blood ration

Answer 29

CItrates

Question 30

blood ratio of citrates

Answer 30

1:4 (black) 1:9 (blue) or 0.105m or 0.129m (3.2% or 3.8%)

Question 31

effective anticoagulant in small quantities without significant effect on many dterminations

Answer 31

Heparin

Question 32

inhibits thrombin

Answer 32

heparin

Question 33

heparin has two forms

Answer 33

-LiHep -NaHep

Question 34

used for glucose measurements because they contain antiglycolytic agents which prevent glycolysis for 3days

Answer 34

Sodium fluoride-Oxalate

Question 35

Either contains clot ACTIVATORS or THIXOTROPIC gels

Answer 35

separator tubes

Question 36

requires a timed specimen or complete collection

Answer 36

urine

Question 37

often used to assess completeness of collection

Answer 37

createnine

Question 38

are preformed to collect CSF

Answer 38

Lumbar punctures

Question 39

most common site for LP is between the _____ & ____ lumbar vertebrea

Answer 39

3rd and 4th or 4th and 5th lumbar vertibrae

Question 40

unfiltrate of plasma found in the joints

Answer 40

synovial fluid

Question 41

collected by anthrocentesis an Aspiration of the joint using syringe

Answer 41

synovial fluid