PMOC DISINFECTANT

Question 1

Application to living tissue for preventing infection

Answer 1

Antisepsis

Question 2

Chemical or physical treatment that destroys most vegetative microbes or viruses, but nut spores, in or on inanimate surface

Answer 2

Disinfection

Question 3

Destruction or marked reduction in the number of activity
of microorganisms

Answer 3

Decontamination

Question 4

Reduction of microbial load on an inanimate surface to a level considered acceptable for public health purposes

Answer 4

Sanitation

Question 5

Kills nonsporulating microorganisms by hot water or steam at 65-100°C

Answer 5

Pasteurization

Question 6

Kill or remove all types of microorganisms, including spores, and usually including viruses with an acceptably low probability of survival

Answer 6

Sterilization

Question 7

introduced antiseptic principles

Answer 7

Joseph Lister

Question 8

He intoduced magic bullets, selective toxicity, Compound 606 (Salvarsan)

Answer 8

Paul Ehrlich

Question 9

Most successful anti-infective agents

Answer 9

Mercury, Arsenic, Antimony

Question 10

Sleeping sickness treatment

Answer 10

Atoxyl (Sodium Arsanilate and Arsphenamine)

Question 11

Anti-Infective Agents classification

Answer 11

• Chemical types of the compound
• Biological properties
• Therapeutic indication

Question 12

Alcohol names

Answer 12

• Ethyl alcohol
• Rectified spirit
• Wine spirit
• Grain alcohol
• Spiritus vini
rectificatus

Question 13

Inhibit aldehyde dehydrogenase

Answer 13

Disulfiram

Question 14

Inhibit alcohol dehydrogenase

Answer 14

Fomepizole

Question 15

Approximately 95% ethanol by volume

Answer 15

Commercial Ethanol

Question 16

Unfit for use in intoxicating beverages

Answer 16

Denatured Alcohol

Question 17

With wood alcohol and benzene and is unsuitable for internal/external use

Answer 17

Completely denatured alcohol

Question 18

• Ethanol treated with one or more substances that is permitted for a specialized purpose
• Iodine in alcohol for tincture of iodine
• Methanol in mouthwashes , Methanol in
alcohol for preparing plant extracts

Answer 18

Special denatured alcohol

Question 19

Dehydrated Alcohol aka

Answer 19

Absolute alcohol

Question 20

NLT 99% w/w ethanol

Answer 20

Dehydrated Alcohol

Question 21

Prepared by azeotropic distillation of an ethanol-benzene mixture

Answer 21

Dehydrated alcohol

Question 22

Prepared by sulfuric-acid – catalyzed hydration of propylene

Answer 22

Isopropyl alcohol

Question 23

For temperature sensitive medical equipment and heat-sensitive pharmaceuticals

Answer 23

Ethylene oxide

Question 24

Involves non-selective alkylation of functional groups in nucleic acids and proteins by nucleophilic opening of the oxide ring

Answer 24

Ethylene oxide

Question 25

Safe diluted ethylene oxide

Answer 25

Carboxide

Question 26

Direct, nonspecific alkylation of nucleophilic functional groups (amino, hydroxyl, and sulfhydryl) in proteins and nucleic acids to form carbinol derivatives

Answer 26

Formaldehyde

Question 27

37% w/v formaldehyde, with _____ added to retard polymerization

Answer 27

methanol

Question 28

Diluted sol’n for heat-sensitive equipment

Answer 28

Glutaraldehyde

Question 29

Stable alkaline soln, retain more than 80% original activity after 30 days, non stabilized alkaline sol’n – lose 44% after 15 days

Answer 29

Commercial Glutaraldehyde

Question 30

Defined as the ratio of a dilution of a given test disinfectant to the dilution of phenol that is required to kill a strain of Salmonella typhi under carefully controlled time and temperature conditions

Answer 30

Phenolcoefficient

Question 31

Substitution with alkyl, aryl, and halogen (especially in the ___ position) groups increases bactericidal activity.

Answer 31

Para

Question 32

Standard to which the activity of most germicidal substances is compared

Answer 32

Phenol

Question 33

Germicidal – general protoplasmic poison caustic to skin, exerts local anesthetic effects, must be diluted to avoid tissue destruction

Answer 33

Phenol

Question 34

Phenol containing 10% water

Answer 34

Liquified phenol

Question 35

+ camphor = liquid petrolatum – used as external antiseptic and anti-irritant

Answer 35

p – Chlorophenol

Question 36

Nonirritating antiseptic with broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activities use in 2% in shampoo

Answer 36

p – chloro – m – xylenol

Question 37

Used topically for ringworm infections – tinea pedis, tinea cruris

Answer 37

p – chloro – m – xylenol

Question 38

White to light-tan crystalline powder ; Banned OTC – due to reports of neurotoxicity in bathed infants and burn patients cleansed with the agent

Answer 38

Hexachlorophene

Question 39

Mixture of 3 isomeric methylphenols; Yellow to brownish yellow liquid, unpleasant creosote odor

Answer 39

Cresol

Question 40

Obtained from coal tar/petroleum by alkaline extraction into aqueous medium, acidification, and fractional distillation

Answer 40

Cresol

Question 41

Extracted from oil of Thymus vulgaris; Mild fungicidal properties, used in alcohol sol’n and dusting powders for ringworm infections

Answer 41

Thymol

Question 42

Obtained from clove oil; Pale-yellow liquid, strong clove aroma, pungent taste; With local anesthetic and antiseptic activities in mouthwash; Phenol coefficient – 14.4

Answer 42

Eugenol

Question 43

Crystallizes as white needles or as an amorphous powder, soluble in water and alcohol; 1-3% in solutions, 10-20% in tx for ringworm, eczema, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis; Keratolytic, causes stratum corneum to slough, opening the barrier to penetration for antifungals

Answer 43

Resorcinol

Question 44

White crystalline substance with faint phenolic odor; Produces numbness to tongue; Phenol coefficient – 98

Answer 44

Hexylresorcinol