PMP2 Midterm

Question 1

What are the layers of the dermis?

Answer 1

outer papillary layer, deeper reticular layer

Question 2

Development of new skin lesions or the worsening of existing ones in response to trauma or injury to the skin

Answer 2

koebner reaction

Question 3

This skin lesion is typically described as fine, white, lace-like lines or dots that appear on the surface of affected skin areas

Answer 3

wickham’s striae

Question 4

This skin lesion is described as a periungual extension of brown-black pigmentation from longitudinal melanonychia onto the proximal and lateral nail folds

Answer 4

Hutchinson’s sign

Question 5

This nail lesion may be indicative of subungual melanoma.

Answer 5

Hutchinson’s sign

Question 6

A clinical test for the diagnosis of glomus tumours.

Answer 6

Hildreth’s test

Question 7

Which virus causes warts?

Answer 7

HPV

Question 8

What is the most common treatment for warts?

Answer 8

acid, blistering agents, cryotherapy, burning, laser

Question 9

What is this pathology, and how is it formed?

Answer 9

koilonychia; iron deficiency anemia

Question 10

What is this pathology, and how is it formed?

Answer 10

habit tic deformity; habitual external trauma to the nail matrix

Question 11

What is this pathology, and how is it formed?

Answer 11

Mee’s lines; arsenic poisoning, renal failure, chemotherapy

Question 12

What is this pathology, and how is it formed?

Answer 12

onychomadesis; chemotherapy

Question 13

What are the top 3 testing options for onychomycosis?

Answer 13

KOH, PAS, culture

Question 14

What is the most effective treatment option for onychomycosis?

Answer 14

Oral medication, like Terbinafine (Lamisil)

Question 15

What is the medical term for nail cuticle?

Answer 15

eponychium

Question 16

Which matrix is responsible for forming the nail plate and about 90% of total nail growth?

Answer 16

germinal matrix

Question 17

Which matrix forms the ventral nail and adds thickness?

Answer 17

sterile matrix

Question 17

What stage of Mozena classification of ingrown nail has nail fold 3 mm or higher?

Answer 17

stage IIb or 3

Question 18

What is the difference between nail avulsion and matrixectomy?

Answer 18

A nail avulsion removes part or all of the nail from the nail bed. The other is a permanent nail avulsion.

Question 19

Surgical procedure performed by an L-shaped wedge resection of tissue including the nail matrix and the offending tissue border.

Answer 19

Frost matrixectomy

Question 20

A surgical procedure which is an avulsion of the entire nail plate

Answer 20

Suppan matrixectomy

Question 21

A ___ procedure is used when you have an ingrown toenail with hypertrophied soft tissue border.

Answer 21

Winograd

Question 22

This matrixectomy is described as an H-shaped incision.

Answer 22

Zadik

Question 23

What is a surgical consideration before a matrixectomy is performed?

Answer 23

HIV/CD4 <200. Platelet< 50. Glucose <200

Question 24

**controls joint motion **rigid/semi-rigid **restricts forces acting on foot **shell ends proximal to the met heads **top cover optional

Answer 24

functional orthotic

Question 25

**No joint motion control **Redistributive forces **Usually softer materials **Full length **Top cover needed

Answer 25

accommodative orthotic

Question 26

What is Root Theory?

Answer 26

Structural deformities lead to altered foot function, which leads to compensation, which leads to pathology

Question 27

What is the general idea of the tissue stress theory?

Answer 27

It is based on the patient's CC. It takes the pathology/structure into account in the beginning and then design the orthotic.

Question 28

In which position should the MTJ be in for a negative suspension plaster cast?

Answer 28

dorsiflexed and everted (locked)

Question 29

What marks do we want to transfer onto a plaster cast to help the lab make a good device?

Answer 29

skin lines, heel bisection

Question 30

This time for MRI is good for evaluating anatomy

Answer 30

T1

Question 31

This time for MRI is good for evaluating pathology and water (inflammation)

Answer 31

T2

Question 32

Contrast MRI is usually NOT needed for which type of injuries?

Answer 32

MSK injuries

Question 33

When is contrast MRI helpful?

Answer 33

infection, tumors, vascular malformations

Question 34

Which imaging technique is most harmful to the patient?

Answer 34

CT

Question 35

What is angle B on this DP? What is normal?

Answer 35

1st intermetatarsal angle; 8-12 degrees

Question 36

What is angle A on this DP? What is normal?

Answer 36

hallux abductus angle (HAA), 1st MTP angle; 0-15 degrees

Question 37

What is angle C on this DP? What is normal?

Answer 37

hallux abductus interphalangeus angle; 0-10 degrees