Pneumonia Flashcards
(10 cards)
State the common etiological agent for lower respiratory tract infection?
Viral in origin
Examples:
1. RSV
2. Influenza A or B
3. Adenovirus
4. Parainfluenza virus
What bacterial pathogens normally affect the newborns in pneumonia?
- Group B Streptococcus
- E. coli
- Klebsiella species
What bacterial pathogens normally affect the infants 1 - 3 months in pneumonia?
Chlamydia trachomatis
What bacterial pathogens normally affect the preschool age in pneumonia?
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Haemophilus influenzae type B
- Staphylococcal aureus
What bacterial pathogens normally affect the school age in pneumonia?
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Chlamydia pneumoniae
What is the respiratory rate to define tachypnea in each age group below:
1. <2 months
2. 2 - 12 months
3. 12 months - 5 years
- <2 months: >60/min
- 2 - 12 months: >50/min
- 12 months - 5 years: >40/min
List the indicators for admitting pneumonia patients
- Children aged 3 months and below
- Fever (>38.5 degree), refusal to feed and vomiting
- Fast breathing, with or without cyanosis
- Associated systemic manifestation
- Failure of previous antibiotic therapy
- Recurrent pneumonia
- Severe underlying disorder
What are the antibiotic treatment for the following pathogens?
1. Strep pneumoniae
2. Haemophilus influenzae type b
3. Staph aureus
4. Group A Streptococcus
5. Mycoplasma pneumonia, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Bordetella pertussis
What are the supportive treatment for pneumonia?
- Fluids
- Oxygen
- Cough medication
- Temperature control
- Chest physiotherapy
How necrotising pneumonia and pneumatocoeles occur?
It is a result of LOCALIZED BRONCHIOLAR and ALVEOLAR NECROSIS
