PNS WI18-Neuron

Question 1

Referred to as the brain of the cell, the nucleus tells the cells what to do via?

Answer 1

Chromosomes

Question 2

What is the purpose of pores in the phospholipid layer of the nucleus?

Answer 2

Communication

Question 3

A membrane in the cell that is made of phospholipids, that provides lipid for other part of the cell.

Answer 3

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 4

A membrane is the cell that is made of phospholipids, and is contains ribosomes.

Answer 4

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 5

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 5

Protein synthesis

Question 6

The storage compartment of the cell, the Golgi receives proteins from the RER. Describe the path of the proteins to golgi and excretion.

Answer 6

Proteins are packaged in sent to golgi in vesicles.

They are either stored or used to form glycoproteins or lysosomes.

Then the are excreted in vesicles when needed

Question 7

This organelle is a rod shaped, doubled membraned structure that is the site of energy production.

Answer 7

Mitochondria

Question 8

Why is the inner membrane of the mitochondrion folded?

Answer 8

Increases surface area for more energy production

Question 9

What are the three materials needed to make cytoskeleton?

Answer 9

Microtubules

Microfilaments

Microfibrils

Question 10

What are the functions of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 10

Transport substances in cell or cell itself

Forms frame of cell

Question 11

Processes of a neuron include the axons, and dendrites. Which of the two have nissl bodies?

Answer 11

Dendrite

Question 12

Describe a neuropil

Answer 12

Neuropil describes everything else including the glia cells, and processes

Question 13

Axons that are larger in diameter will be able to conduct action potentials (faster/slower)

Answer 13

Faster

Question 14

What are the two rules of conduction in an axon?

Answer 14

1. Larger the diameter, faster the conduction

2. More the myelin, Faster the conduction

Question 15

Definition: Anything that causes disruption.

Answer 15

Lesion

Question 16

When a lesion occurs closer to the nerve,the muscle degenerates. What is the name of this degeneration?

Answer 16

Wallerian

Question 17

When a lesion occurs, the nissl bodies become very active and the nucleus develops an envelope indicating that the neuron has become very active.What is the name of the process that causes the halo?

Answer 17

Chromatolysis

Question 18

After chromatolysis what occurs next?

Answer 18

Regeneration.

Question 19

What happens in the regeneration phase after a lesion to the neuron?

Answer 19

The nucleus sends out signals to the end of the neuron to send out growth cones. The growth cone reaches the muscle, reconnecting nerve to muscle.

Question 20

Intracellular transport from cell body to terminal.

Answer 20

Anterograde

Question 21

Intracellular transport from axon terminal to cell body.

Answer 21

Retrograde

Question 22

T/F: Nitric oxide or smaller amines can be repackaged in the synaptic cleft.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Smaller neurotransmitters can be repackaged in the cleft, what happens to larger neurotransmitters?

Answer 23

Larger neurotransmitters must be repackaged in the cell body.

Question 24

The ventricular zone of the neurotube contains what?

Answer 24

Pluripotent stem cells

Question 25

The intermediate zone of the neurotube contains what?

Answer 25

Older cells from ventricular zone that will either become glia or neuron

Question 26

The marginal zone of the neurotube contains what?

Answer 26

Either glia cells or neurons