PoB test 2

Question 1

What would happen to a cell if the ribosomes were nonfunctional?

Answer 1

the cell would stop producing, which are essential for life.

Question 2

which type of cell (prokayotic or eukaryotic) exists unicellularly?

Answer 2

trick question- both types can exist as a single cell, but prokaryotes are more often found this way.

Question 3

which domain(s) are prokayotic?

Answer 3

Archaea and Bacteria

Question 4

which structure of a prokaryotic cell has DNA that is not found in the nucleoid?

Answer 4

plasmids

Question 5

which type of cell (prokaryotic or eukaryotic) has a cell membrane?

Answer 5

trick question- both types have a cell membrane

Question 6

which type of euaryotic cell has a central vacuole?

Answer 6

plant cells have a large central vacuole

Question 7

Which of these is not an organelle?

a. nucleus
b. mitochondria
c. lysosome
d. Ribosome

Answer 7

D. Ribosomes are not considered organelles because they do not have a membrane surrounding them. Prokaryotes have ribosomes.

Question 8

a plasma membrane is made up of what structures?

Answer 8

A plasma membrane is made up of phospholipids, protiens, and carbohydrates

Question 9

diffusion is which type of transport?

Answer 9

Diffusion is passive transport.

Question 10

A pump is considered which type of transport?

Answer 10

A pump is active transport.

Question 11

structures unique to prokaryotes

Answer 11

1. Capsule
2. plasmids
3. Pilus
4. Nucleoid

Question 12

Eukaryotes

Answer 12

Membrane bound organelles

Question 13

two main types of eukaryotic cells

Answer 13

Animal and plant

Question 14

Animal Cell Structure (pink)

Answer 14

lysosome

Question 15

plant cell structures (green)

Answer 15

1. chloroplast
2. cell wall
3. central vacuole

Question 16

membranes

Answer 16

regulates the passage of material into and out of the cell

Question 17

structure of plasma membrane

Answer 17

phospholipid bilayer

fluid mosaic

Question 18

protiens

Answer 18

are embedded in the membrane to aid in communication, facilitate enzymatic reations, or help anchor cell components.

Question 19

Phospolipid

Answer 19

has a hydrophylic head (water loving) and a hydrophobic tail (water fearing)

Question 20

Passive Transport

Answer 20

1. does not require energy
2. diffusion
3. osmosis
4. facilitated diffusion

Question 21

Active Transport

Answer 21

does require energy
low concentration to high concentration 
endocytosis 
exocytosis 
sodium potassium pump

Question 22

Both active and passive transport

Answer 22

use protiens

Question 23

Which type of cells do humans have?

Answer 23

Eukaryotic

Question 24

Which type of cell contains plasmids?

Answer 24

Prokaryotic

Question 25

What is the area of a prokaryotic cell that contains the DNA?

Answer 25

Nucleoid

Question 26

What are the two main types of eukaryotic cells?

Answer 26

Plant cells and Animal Cells

Question 27

Which of these two types have ribosomes?

Answer 27

Both

Question 28

Which type of cells have membrane-bound organelles?

Answer 28

Eukaryotic

Question 29

Where is the DNA located within the cell?

Answer 29

Nucleus

Question 30

What structure is unique to animal cells?

Answer 30

Lysosomes

Question 31

Central Vacuoles are unique to which type of cell?

Answer 31

Plant Cells

Question 32

What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 32

Lipid Synthesis

Question 33

What are the components of a phospholipid?

Answer 33

Phosphate head and | 2 fatty acid tails

Question 34

What type of molecules are embedded in the membrane to aid in transport?

Answer 34

Proteins

Question 35

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

Answer 35

Regulate the passage of material into and out of the cell

Question 36

What three things determine what can pass through the membrane?

Answer 36

Charge, size, and concentration gradient

Question 37

What type of molecule acts as a receptor and is anchored to a protein in a membrane?

Answer 37

Carbohydrate

Question 38

What are the two processes of protein synthesis?

Answer 38

Transcription and Translation

Question 39

From which molecule does transcription begin?

Answer 39

DNA

Question 40

Where specifically does transcription take place?

Answer 40

Nucleus of the cell

Question 41

What is the end result of translation?

Answer 41

Protein

Question 42

Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?

Answer 42

Ribosome

Question 43

What are the two main types of cellular transportation?

Answer 43

Active transport and Passive Transport

Question 44

Which type of transport requires energy?

Answer 44

Active Transport

Question 45

What is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without a protein channel called?

Answer 45

Diffusion

Question 46

What is the active transport of material into a cell with the help of a vesicle called?

Answer 46

Endocytosis

Question 47

What is osmosis?

Answer 47

The diffusion of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration across a membrane

Question 48

In which organelle does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 48

Chloroplast

Question 49

What are the individual disks that house chlorophyll inside a chloroplast called?

Answer 49

Thylakoid

Question 50

What are the two main processes of photosynthesis?

Answer 50

Light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions

Question 51

What role does water play in photosynthesis?

Answer 51

Water replaces the electrons lost during the light dependent reaction

Question 52

What molecules does the light independent reaction begin with?

Answer 52

ATP and NADPH from the light dependent reaction