poem Flashcards

Question

macbeth about banquo, act 3 scene 1 [1]

Answer 1

‘Royalty of nature…dauntless temper of his mind’

Answer 2

‘Upon my head they placed a fruitless crown, and put a barren sceptre in my gripe’

Answer 3

- ‘We have scorched the snake, not killed it’ - 'be innocent of the knowledge dearest chuck'

Answer 4

‘Oh full of scorpions is my mind dear wife’

Answer 5

- 'Come, seeling night, Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day; And with thy bloody and invisible hand Cancel and tear to pieces that great bond Which keeps me pale! [...] Good things of day begin to droop and drowse; While night's black agents to their preys do rouse' - ‘In the affliction of these terrible dreams That shake us nightly. Better be with the dead, Whom we, to gain our peace, have sent to peace, Than, on the torture of the mind, to lie In restless ecstasy.’

Answer 6

‘We Must lave our honours in these flattering streams, And make our faces vizards to our hearts'

Answer 7

‘Nought’s had, all’s spent, where our desire is got without content: ‘Tis safer to be that which we destroy than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy’

Answer 8

'Who did strike out the light? '

Answer 9

- ‘I am cabined, cribbed, confined, bound in To saucy doubts and fears.’ - ‘the grown serpent lies. The worm that's fled Hath nature that in time will venom breed — No teeth for the present.’ - ‘Ay, and a bold one, that dare look on that Which might appal the devil’ - ‘ I think you can behold such sights, And keep the natural ruby of your cheeks, When mine is blanched with fear.’ - ‘We are yet but young in deed.’

Answer 10

- ‘It will have blood. They say, blood will have blood.’ - ‘ I am in blood, Stepped in so far that should I wade no more, Returning were as tedious as go o'er.’ - ‘vaunt and quit my sight; let the earth hide thee. Thy bones are marrowless, thy blood is cold, Thou hast no speculation in those eyes Which thou dost glare with.’

Answer 11

‘Right-valiant Banquo’

Answer 12

- 'wayward son' - 'loves for his own ends'

Answer 13

- 'gracious Duncan ' - 'right-valiant banquo' - 'tyrant' - 'pious edward' 'holy king'

Answer 14

- 'fillet of a fenny snake' - owlet's wing' - 'gall of goat'

Answer 15

- I conjure you by that which you profess, Howe'er you come to know it, answer me. - Deny me this, And an eternal curse fall on you.

Answer 16

- Beware the Thane of Fife. Dismiss me, enough… - Be bloody, bold, and resolute. Laugh to scorn The power of man, for none of woman born Shall harm Macbeth - Be lion-mettled, proud; and take no care Who chafes, who frets, or where conspirers are. Macbeth shall never vanquished be, until Great Birnam wood to high Dunsinane hill Shall come against him

Answer 17

'He loves us not; He wants the natural touch. For the poor wren, The most diminutive of birds, will fight, Her young ones in her nest, against the owl.'

Answer 18

'when we hold rumor From what we fear, yet know not what we fear; But float upon a wild and violent sea Each way and move'

Answer 19

- 'This tyrant, whose sole name blisters our tongues, Was once thought honest' - ‘I grant him bloody, Luxurious, avaricious, false, deceitful, Sudden, malicious, smacking of every sin That has a name.

Answer 20

- 'our country sinks beneath the yoke' - 'It weeps, it bleeds, and each new day a gash Is added to her wounds.'

Answer 21

- 'O nation miserable, With an untitled tyrant bloody-sceptered' - Not in the legions Of horrid hell can come a devil more damned In evils to top Macbeth.

Answer 22

'(malcolm) Dispute it like a man. (macduff) I shall do so, But I must also feel it as a man.'

Answer 23

‘Bleed, bleed, poor country. Great tyranny, lay thou thy basis sure For goodness dare not cheque thee’

Answer 24

- '‘Here's the smell of the blood still. All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand’ - ‘There’s knocking at the gate’ - ‘Out, damned spot, out, I say.’ - ‘Hell is murky.’ - ‘Fie, my lord, fie, a soldier, and afeard!’ - ‘The Thane of Fife had a wife; where is she now?’ - ‘What, will these hands ne'er be clean? — No more o' that, my lord, no more o' that; you mar all with this starting.’ - ‘Wash your hands, put on your nightgown; look not so Pale.’ - ‘What's done cannot be undone. — To bed, to bed, to bed.’

Answer 25

- ‘Foul whisperings are abroad: unnatural deeds Do breed unnatural troubles; infected minds To their deaf pillows will discharge their secrets. More needs she the divine than the physician. God, God forgive us all.’ - ‘She has spoke what she should not, I am sure of that. Heaven knows what she has known.’ - ‘ She has light by her continually; 'tis her command.’

Answer 26

- 'led on by Malcolm, His uncle Siward, and the good Macduff. Revenges burn in them, for their dear causes Would, to the bleeding and the grim alarm, Excite the mortified man.' - ‘Those he commands move only in command, Nothing in love. Now does he feel his title Hang loose about him, like a giant's robe Upon a dwarfish thief.’

Answer 27

- ‘Over-red thy fear’ - Bring me no more reports; let them fly all.

Answer 28

'find her disease, And purge it to a sound and pristine health'

Answer 29

- ‘Will laugh a siege to scorn’ - ‘I have almost forgot the taste of fears…I have supped full with horrors. Direness, familiar to my slaughterous thoughts, Cannot once start me.’ - ‘Blow, wind; come, wrack. At least we'll die with harness on our back.’ V,v

Answer 30

- ‘Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow Creeps in this petty pace from day to day, To the last syllable of recorded time; And all our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle.’ - ‘Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player, That struts and frets his hour upon the stage, And then is heard no more. It is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing.’ - 'she should have died hereafter'

Answer 31

'Turn, hell-hound, turn.'

Answer 32

'be these juggling fiends no more believed That palter with us in a double sense, That keep the word of promise to our ear And break it to our hope'

Answer 33

- 'Behold where stands The usurper's cursed head; the time is free.' - 'Producing forth the cruel ministers Of this dead butcher and his fiend-like queen'

Answer 34

- ‘Bearlike’ V, vi - ‘Hellhound’ V, viii - ‘Usurper’s cursed head’ V, ix - ‘Butcher’ V, ix

Answer 35

- 1577 Holinshead's chronicles - banquo originally sided with macbeth - James I claimed his ancestor was Banquo

Answer 36

- many of the themes resonate with the attempted revolt: it’s a play about treason, the overthrow of a King, and the downfall of his murderers - The insistent reference to equivocation {porter} could allude Henry Garnet (catholic priest), who was hung, drawn and quartered for his role in the Gunpowder Plot and was deeply criticised for equivocating - After the foiled attempt on his life, King James had a commemorative medal mad which featured the image of some flowers with a serpent hiding amongst them. It is said to symbolise the deceit and treachery of the Jesuits

Answer 37

- James I & Elizabeth I were Protestant - Regicide - killing a royal - worst crime - against DROK - Great Chain of Beings

Answer 38

- women did not go to school/have advanced jobs - could only inherit not buy property - not entitled to father's title - marriage - money/politics - used by men - obedient and silent - men were defined by their status - behave with duty and honour

Answer 39

gender & witchcraft linked, gender roles swictheroo, witches are androgynous, macbeth's masculinity

Answer 40

banquo's suspicion is seen as good, the witches influence Macbeth, LM linked to witchcraft (corrupt women)

Answer 41

- cause of disaster/harm - burned at stake - cats, birthmarks, curdled milk, moldy bread, float in water, charms - pact with the devil - heretical - black death, famine, animal death - James I believed that he & his wife had been personally targeted by witches who conjured dangerous storms to try to kill them during their voyages across the North Sea.

Answer 42

- philosophical dissertation on contemporary necromancy - endorsed witch hunting - Shakespeare attributed many quotes and rituals found within the book directly to the Weird Sisters

Answer 43

- perhaps a warning against committing regicide, as King James was patron of the playing company Shakespeare wrote for and people questioned James' legitimacy to rule: he was Scottish, his mother was a catholic and he was only a distant relative of his predecessor Elizabeth (eg Gunpowder plot 1605) - perhaps Shakespeare was subtly showing James the consequences of being too much of a trusting leader

Answer 44

- LM has an interesting view of power: where only those who are able to set aside morality can rise to greatness - ambition is what drives people to commit ever more terrible atrocities - it leads to evil - once someone decides to use violence to further their quest for power, it is difficult to stop - there will always be threats so it will always be tempting to use violence to stop them - Macbeth has natural ambition but this is reinforced by his meeting with the Witches and by his wife - he has a deep internal desire for power and advancement - shows that naked ambition, freed from any sort of moral or social conscience, ultimately takes over every other characteristic of a person. It can never be fulfilled, and therefore quickly grows into a monster that will destroy anyone who gives into it.

Answer 45

a fatal flaw - basic mistake in the central character's personality which drives their actions

Answer 46

- warning against engaging with the supernatural and witchcraft - perhaps suggesting that no matter how good the promises from the supernatural seem, engaging with supernatural will end in death and tragedy - M is 1st introduced as valiant and brave - but he is neither of these things. Not only is he, in the eyes of LM, weak - but he is also proved to be disloyal.

Answer 47

- ‘Unsex me here’ shows LM calling her femininity and, by extension, weakness to be stripped away. it is not masculinity that she craves – but androgyny. Whilst LM associates femininity with weakness, so, also, does she associate masculinity. In her eyes, M is also hesitant and feeble, despite being a man. She no longer wants to be human; she wants an inhumane conscience so that she shall feel no remorse. (‘Come to my woman's breasts, And take my milk for gall’ - no gentleness, no nurturing nature) - the aggression of the female characters is striking because it goes against prevailing expectations of how women ought to behave - Lady Macbeth’s behaviour shows that women can be as ambitious and cruel as men - because of the constraints of her society, Lady Macbeth relies on deception and manipulation rather than violence - In Act 1 Scene 5 LM’s speech establishes her as the dominant partner in the relationship, which inverts typical 17th-century gender & social roles. Since husbands were supposed to "rule" their wives in the same way that kings ruled countries, LM’s plan is just another version of treason: taking power that doesn't belong to her.

Answer 48

3 witches - perhaps symbolising an ‘anti-holy trinity’? Their ambiguous femininity would contrast with the masculinity of the holy trinity.

Answer 49

- LM taunts M when he won’t kill D. This associates masculinity with violence. M also says that he ‘does all that may become a man’ - this associates masculinity with honour - ‘And wakes it now to look so green and pale At what it did so freely?’ - here LM tells M that he looks ‘green and pale’. At the time, this was a sign of anemia - a disease, in that time, associated with young, virgin, women.

Answer 50

- The witches' prophecies indicate the presence of fate in the situation. This prophecy leads M to plot the potential overthrow of King Duncan. Though Macbeth thinks that fate is leading him to this, it is actually his own free will. His choices lead him to plot Duncan's downfall. - Macbeth may be fated to be king, but he decides all on his own that he will murder Duncan in order to obtain the crown. His actions suggest that fate may be predetermined, but free will determines how a people reach their destinies.

Answer 51

- SUPERNATURAL - the witches - appear and vanish randomly and plant ideas into people’s heads (‘Foul is fair and fair is foul is fair) - Lady Macbeth goes against the natural order and gender roles of the time - DROK→Usurping the king is chaotic - (‘Our eldest, Malcolm, whom we name hereafter The Prince of Cumberland’ At that time period, it was believed that the Kings were chosen by god therefore, the family line was very sacred. Duncan is following the normal royal path in which the eldest son will take the throne.)

Answer 52

- Banquo is sceptical of the witches and loyal to Duncan (‘Were such things here as we do speak about or have we eaten on the insane root that takes reason prisoner?’) - duncan executes thane of cawdor - justice is brought - (‘But under heavy judgement bears that life which he deserves to lose)

Answer 53

- BRAVERY - ‘brave Macbeth’ - HEROISM - DROK - ‘‘this Duncan hath borne his faculties so meek… that his virtues will plead like angels trumpet-tongued against the deep damnation of his taking off.’

Answer 54

- EVIL THOUGHTS - eg Lady Macbeth talking about killing her child - EVIL DEEDS - murder - eg Macbeth reasoning with himself to not kill Duncan - SUPERNATURAL - witches - eg Lady Macbeth calling on evil spirits

Answer 55

- 'all emulously hoping to do better still and laying out the surplus of their gains in coquetry' - 'air of invitation, like rows of smiling saleswomen' - ‘street shone out in contrast to its dingy neighbourhood like a fire in a forest’ - 'freshly painted shutters, well-polished brasses, and general cleanliness and gaiety of note' - ‘sinister block of building thrust forward’ - 'showed no window [...] blind forehead of discoloured wall [...] bore in every feature the marks of prolonged and sordid negligence' - 'The door, which was equipped with neither bell nor knocker, was blistered and distained.' - 'no one had appeared to drive away these random visitors or repair their ravages' - street after street, all lighted up as if for a procession and all as empty as a church

Answer 56

- ‘Trampled calmly [...] sounds nothing to hear but was hellish to see - 'gave me one look, so ugly that it brought out the sweat on me like running’ - 'we told the man we could and would make such a scandal out of this as should make his name stink from one end of london to the other' - 'really damnable man; and the person that drew the cheques the very pink of the proprieties' - 'an honest man paying through the nose for some of the capers of his youth' - ‘Damned juggernaut’ - ‘Sawbones turn sick and white with the desire to kill him’ - ‘My gentleman’ - 'Black, sneering coolness [...] carrying it off, sir, really like satan' - as wild as harpies. I never saw a circle of such hateful faces - There is something wrong with his appearance; something displeasing, something down-right detestable - he must be deformed somehwere; he gives a strong feeling of deformity

Answer 57

- ‘Last reputable acquaintance and last good influence in the lives of down going men’ - ‘never lighted by a smile; cold, scanty and embarrassed in discourse; backward in sentiment; long, lean, dusty, dreary and yet somehow lovable’ - 'something eminently human beaconed from his eye; something which indeed never found its way into his talk' - 'I incline to Cain's heresy, he used to say quaintly: I let my brother go to the devil in his own way.' - 'austere with himself; drank gin when he was alone, to mortify a taste for vintages; and though he enjoyed the theatre, had not crossed the doors of one for twenty years.' - 'approved tolerance for others' - 'undemonstrative at best, and even his friendship seemed to be founded in a similar catholicity of good-nature'

Answer 58

- No, sir: I had a delicacy' [...] No sir, I make it a rule of mine: the more it looks like Queer Street, the less I ask. - I was coming home from some place at the end of the world, about three o'clock of a black winter morning,

Answer 59

- 'ancient, handsome houses' - 'comfortable hall [...] warmed bya bright, open fire and furnished with costly cabinets of oak' - ‘pleasantest room in london - ‘in the gloom of his spirits he seemed to read a menace in the flickering of the firelight and the uneasy starting of the shadow on the roof' - wore a great air of wealth and comfort

Answer 60

- ‘Jekyll became too fanciful for me. He began to go wrong, wrong in mind’ - ‘"such unscientific balderdash" added here the doctor flushing suddenly purple, "would have estranged Damon and Pythias.'"

Answer 61

- 'it was already bad enough when the name was but a name of which he could learn no more. It was worse when it began to be clothed upon with detestable attributes and out of the shifting insubstantial mists that had so long baffled his eye their leaped up the sudden, definite presentment of a fiend' - 'even at that distance, went somehow strongly against the watcher's inclination' - ‘O my poor old Harry Jekyll, if every I read satan's signature upon a face, it is on that of your new friend’ - 'unknown disgust, loathing and fear' - 'shudder in his blood; the face of Hyde sat heavy on his memory'

Answer 62

- 'shrank back with a hissing intake of the breath' - ‘Air of defiance’ - '"common friends" echoed Mr Hyde, a little hoarsely' - '"he never told you" cried Mr Hyde with a flush of anger' - ‘Snarled aloud into a savage laugh’ - ‘Pale and dwarfish, he gave an impression of deformity without any nameable malformation, he had a displeasing smile, he had borne himself to the lawyer with a sort of murderous mixture of timidity and boldness' - 'god bless me, the man seems hardly human! something troglodytic [...] or is it the mere radiance of a foul soul that thus transpires through and transfigures its clay continent’

Answer 63

- ‘Great dr Lanyon’ - ‘Hearty, healthy dapper-faced gentleman’ - 'the geniality, as was the way of the man, was somewhat theatrical to the eye; but it reposed on genuine feeling'

Answer 64

- 'it was a night of little ease to his toiling mind, toiling in mere darkness and besieged by questions' - 'the curtains of the bed plucked apart, the sleeper recalled, and lo! there would stand by his side a figure to whom power was given' - 'my mind misgives me, he is in deep waters!' - 'He was wild when he was young; a long while ago to be sure; but in the law of God, there is no statute of limitations' - 'the ghost of some old sin, the cancer of some concealed disgrace: punishment coming, pede claudo, years after memory has forgotten and selflove condoned the fault. ' - This Master Hyde [...] must have secrets of his own; black secrets, by the look of him; secrets compared to which poor Jekyll's worst would be like sunshine. - if at any time he dozed over, it was but to see it glide more stealthily through sleeping houses, or move the more swiftly and still the more swiftly, even to dizziness, through wider labyrinths of lamplighted city - 'and still the figure had no face'

Answer 65

- ‘large, well-made, smooth-faced man of fifty, with something of a slyish cast perhaps, but every mark of capacity and kindness’ - ‘the topic was distasteful; but the doctor carried it off gaily’ - ‘scientific heresies’ (Lanyon about Jekyll) - '"my will? yes, certainly, I know that," said the doctor, a trifle sharply' - “The large, handsome face of Dr Jekyll grew pale to the lips and there came a blackness about his eyes” - 'with a certain incoherency of manner' - '"it is one of those affairs that cannot be mended by talking"' - the moment i choose, i can be rid of mr hyde - '"this is a private matter, and I beg of you to let it sleep"'

Answer 66

- 'london was startled by a crime of singular ferocity and rendered all the more notable by the high position of the victim' - ‘lit by the full moon’ - 'about nine in the morning [...]a great chocolate-coloured pall lowered over heaven, but the wind was continually charging and routing these embattled vapours' - ‘haggard shaft of daylight in between the swirling wreaths’ - 'the dismal quarter of Soho [...] muddy ways and slatternly passengers [...] seemed, in the lawyer's eyes, like a district of some city in a nightmare' - 'the fog lifted a little and showed him a dingy street, a gin palace, a low French eating house [...] many ragged children huddled in the doorways, and many women of many different nationalities [...] the fog settled down again upon that part, as brown as umber, and cut him off from his blackguardly surroundings.

Answer 67

- 'all of a sudden he broke out in a great flame of anger' - 'brandishing the cane, and carrying on like a madman' - ‘Broke out of all bounds and clubbed him to the earth’ - with ape-like fury, he was trampling his victim under foot and hailing down a storm of blows, under which the bones were audibly shattered and the body jumped upon the roadway - 'particularly small and particularly wicked-looking' - 'haunting sense of unexpressed deformity'

Answer 68

- the figure of a man walking swiftly; then of a child running from the doctor's; and then these met, and that human juggernaut trod the child down and passed on regardless of her screams. - Or else he would see a room in a rich house, where his friend lay asleep [...] there would stand by his side a figure to whom power was given, and even at that dead hour, he must rise and do its bidding - if at any time he dozed over, it was but to see it glide more stealthily through sleeping houses, or move the more swiftly and still the more swiftly, even to dizziness, through wider labyrinths of lamplighted city - even in his dreams, it had no face

Answer 69

- 'aged and beautiful gentleman' - 'a very pretty manner of politeness' - Carew was full of ‘an innocent and old-world kindness of disposition’

Answer 70

- ‘fire burned in the grate’ - ‘barred with iron’

Answer 71

- looking deathly sick. He did not rise to meet his visitor, but held out a cold hand and bade him welcome in a changed voice. - I was thinking of my own character, which this hateful business has rather exposed.

Answer 72

The fog still slept on the wing above the drowned city, where the lamps glimmered like carbuncles; and through the muffle and smother of these fallen clouds, the procession of the town's life was still rolling in through the great arteries with a sound as of a mighty wind

Answer 73

lest the good name of another should be sucked down in the eddy of the scandal.

Answer 74

- ‘chief of sinners, chief of sufferers’ - ‘you must suffer me to go my own dark way’

Answer 75

- ‘Flesh had fallen away’ - 'I am quite done with that person; and I beg you will spare me any allusion to one whom I regard as dead' - ‘Deep-seated terror of the mind’ - ‘Death-warrant written legibly upon his face’ - ‘Knowledge is more than he could bear’ - if you cannot keep clear of this accursed topic, then in God's name, go, for I cannot bear it.

Answer 76

- The middle one of the three windows was half-way open; and sitting close beside it, taking the air with an infinite sadness of mien, like some disconsolate prisoner - ‘Abject terror’

Answer 77

- God forgive us’ - ‘Walked on in silence’

Answer 78

- Poole swung the axe over his shoulder; the blow shook the building, and the red baize door leaped against the lock and hinges - the wood was tough and the fittings were of excellent workmanship; and it was not until the fifth, that the lock burst and the wreck of the door fell inwards on the carpet

Answer 79

- ‘Cry out like a rat’ - ‘Like a monkey…among the chemicals’ - ‘Something queer’ - A dismal screech, as of mere animal terror - that thing in the mask was never Dr. Jekyll, God knows what it was - poole

Answer 80

- ‘Something abnormal…misbegotten’ - ‘Stagger the belief of satan’

Answer 81

- ‘Disgustful curiosity’ - ‘Soul sickened at it’ - This bore some resemblance to incipient rigour, and was accompanied by a marked sinking of the pulse. At the time, I set it down to some idiosyncratic, personal distaste, and merely wondered at the acuteness of the symptoms; but I have since had reason to believe the cause to lie much deeper in the nature of man, and to turn on some nobler hinge than the principle of hatred. - My life is shaken to its roots; sleep has left me; the deadliest terror sits by me at all hours of the day and night; and I feel that my days are numbered, and that I must die; and yet I shall die incredulous

Answer 82

The door was very strong, the lock excellent; the carpenter avowed he would have great trouble and have to do much damage, if force were to be used; and the locksmith was near despair. But this last was a handy fellow, and after two hour's work, the door stood open.

Answer 83

- 'he put the glass to his lips [...] his face became suddenly black and the features seemed to melt and alter' - I had sprung to my feet and leaped back against the wall, my arms raised to shield me from that prodigy, my mind submerged in terror. - "O God!" I screamed, and "O God!" again and again; for there before my eyes—pale and shaken, and half fainting, and groping before him with his hands, like a man restored from death—there stood Henry Jekyll!

Answer 84

- M.D, D.C.L, L..L.D., F.R.S' - 'all his possessions were to pass into the hands of his 'friend and benefactor Edward Hyde' but that in case of Dr Jekyll's 'disappearance or unexplained absence for any period exceeding 3 months,' the said Edward Hyde should step into the said Henry Jekyll's shoes without further delay' - 'it offended him both as a lawyer and as a lover of the sane and customary sides of life, to whom the fanciful was immodest' - 'i thought it was madness, but now i begin to fear it was disgrace'

Answer 85

- a volume of some dry divinity on his reading desk - lest by chance some jack-in-the-box of an old iniquity should leap to light here'

Answer 86

'unobtrusive company, practising for solitude, sobering their minds in the man's rich silence after the expense and strain of gaiety'

Answer 87

- 'that hide-bound pedant, lanyon, at what he called my scientific heresies' - 'an ignorant, blatant pedant'

Answer 88

- '"Good God, sir, is it possible?" And the next moment his eye lighted up with professional ambition' - 'she had an evil face, smoothed by hypocrisy, but her manners were excellent - 'a flash of odious joy appeared upon the woman's face'

Answer 89

- main characters in novella almost all upper-class gentlemen - were generally expected to be respectable and morally upright - kept their emotions under control and hid desires for supposedly immoral things (sex, alcohol) - but they indulged in this behaviour behind closed doors

Answer 90

- post-industrial revolution, overcrowding, reputation for crime and immorality, pollution, poverty - strong class divide - for every 'dismal' soho house, there was an upper-class area with pleasant, well-furnished houses like Jekyll's

Answer 91

- deeply religious society - Evangelicalism influential at this time; taught that humans were naturally sinful and should seek forgiveness from god by following a strict moral code - scientific thinking increasingly influential - eg Darwin's theory of evolution (this was particularly unsettling, not just because it disagreed with the church but because it may suggest that an animalistic side is still within us) - contradictions between science and religion

Answer 92

focus on shocking and frightening, often including supernatural elements, disturbing secrets and the 'double' (pair of characters who are closely connected and share significant similarities or differences)

Answer 93

by transplanting traditional gothic ideas, usually taking place in faraway countries, into london, the novella suggests that supernatural and scary events can happen anywhere and to anyone

Answer 94

- victorian gentlemen cared deeply about their reputation because tarnishing it could lead to losing the social advantages of being a gentleman - eg access to better jobs and better quality of life - the characters behave in a way that puts reputation first eg don't discuss private matters directly, so the truth about hyde doesn't get discovered until it's too late - when things go wrong, characters worry about the effect on their reputation rather than whether their actions are morally good

Answer 95

- humans are just one singular personality; everyone has two sides and the darker side can't be ignored or escaped, as this can lead to catastrophic consequences - this dark side exists in the most respectable of gentlemen - it is hypocritical for the victorian audience to appear outwardly respectable, while ignoring or hiding their darker side

Answer 96

- plot is driven by a big secret - Jekyll and Hyde - small unresolved mysteries throughout - contents of Utterson's letter from Carew - overall atmosphere of secrecy adding to sense of intrigue - emphasises no one, however moral, is without secrets

Answer 97

- science is unsettling: jekyll's change into hyde is painful and hideous, lanyon's horrified reaction; science is described as unnatural and without limits as it is able to create hyde - science is powerful: jekyll's science experiments lead to death and destruction - jekyll tries to use science to solve the problem that all humans are sinners but lanyon keeps science and religion separate and is horrifies by jekyll's heresies - jekyll is hypocritical; he's religious in public and sinful in private - stevenson used jekyll to criticise people who acted like this - effects and consequences of dangerous new science and trying to take control of things that can't be (ie human nature) - new science is not itself evil, it may be used without care for others

Answer 98

- 3rd person, but closely follows Utterson's POV - Utterson's narrative is told chronologically so secrets are kept from the reader until Utterson discovers them - written documents and embedded narratives are included in the linear narrative, adding a sense of realism - lanyon and jekyll's first person accounts are placed at the end so the reader is kept in suspense throughout

Answer 99

- locked doors and windows symbolise the secrecy in upper-victorian society - jekyll's house, like jekyll, is split in two with a darker side linked directly to the respectable frontage which has an 'air of wealth' - hyde's soho house is well-furnished, symbolising the presence of respectable gentlemen in disreputable parts of london - the cane - a symbol of a gentleman but is used to commit violence, showing what upper-class gentlemen are capable of and that they enable this in each other (Utterson gives it to Jekyll) - Jekyll's cheque book; symbolises the role of money in society - jekyll burns it after murdering carew as money can't solve all his problems - the mirror; shows connection between Jekyll and Hyde - lanyon symbolises old science. through him stevenson explores: - downfall of religion and traditional science - transgression against religion can cause divine retribution - people relied on religion - it is scary for it to be taken away - the hatred and ignorance of new discoveries was not only foolish but a part of human nature to be frightened of new discoveries (origin of species) - people relied on religion - scary for it to be taken away - danger of knowledge

Answer 100

- often uses descriptive and figurative language, especially when describing setting - dark and foggy, eerie streets create a sense of fear - the moon (often linked to supernatural events) is used to highlight key moments; Carew's death is lit by a full moon, the moon is 'lying on her back' when Jekyll is confronted - weather seems to be working against the characters; when Utterson visits Soho the fog 'cuts him off' - fog symbolises secrecy; jekyll's lab is foggy even though it's indoors

Answer 101

- used to establish character - eg utterson and jekyll speak politely and avoid mentioning unpleasant subjects to reflect their gentlemanly status - jekyll is sometimes unwilling or unable to speak, reflecting how he is trapped in his situation - hyde's dialogue contrasts with the others - often animalistic or inhuman - rude and direct

Answer 102

“While we’re waiting we can have a good time on this island.” He gesticulated widely. “It’s like in a book.” At once there was a clamor. “Treasure Island–” “Swallows and Amazons–” “Coral Island–” chapter 2

Answer 103

- "We got to find the others. We got to do something." [...] ignoring Piggy;s ill-omened talk, he dreamed pleasantly. [...] "How many of us are there?" ch1 - The fat boy waited to be asked his name in turn but this proffer of acquaintance was not made ch1 - ralph shrieked with laughter ch1

Answer 104

the directness of genuine leadership'

Answer 105

- Ralph lolled in the water. [...] "How does he know we're here?" Because, thought Ralph, because, because." ch1 - Balanced on a high peak of need, agonized by indecision, cried out: “Oh God, oh God!” ch4 - He lost himself in a maze of thoughts that were rendered vague by his lack of words to express them ch5 - Once more that evening Ralph had to adjust his values. Piggy could think. He could go step by step inside that fat head of his, only Piggy was no chief. But Piggy, for all his ludicrous body, had brains. Ralph was a specialist in thought now, and could recognize thought in another. ch5 - Would you rather go back to the shelters and tell Piggy?” [...]he spoke despairingly, out of the new understanding that Piggy had given him. “Why do you hate me?” The boys stirred uneasily, as though something indecent had been said. ch7

Answer 106

- 'fair hair' ch1 - 'shock of hair' - he might have made a boxer[...] but there was a mildness about his mouth and eyes that proclaimed no devil [...] looked at the water with bright, excited eyes'' ch1 - “We’ll be like we were. We’ll wash—” “We ought to comb our hair. Only it’s too long.” [...] “and tie your hair back.” ch11 - But they’ll be painted! You know how it is.” [...]They understood only too well the liberation into savagery that the concealing paint brought. “Well, we won’t be painted,” said Ralph, “because we aren’t savages.” ch11

Answer 107

- eyes shining, mouths open, triumphant, they savoured the right of domination. They were lifted up: were friends.[...] "All ours." [ralph]' ch1 - to what they now though of as their beach.' ch1

Answer 108

- he became conscious of the weight of clothes, kicked his shoes off fiercely and ripped off each stocking with its elastic garter in a single movement' ch1 - jerked his stockings with an automatic gesture that made the jungle seem for a moment like the Home Counties' ch1 - to put on a grey shirt once more was strangely pleasing' ch1 - [ralph] pulled distastefully at his grey shirt and wondered whether he might undertake the adventure of washing it. ch7 - [Ralph] would like to have a pair of scissors and [...] cut this filthy hair right back to half an inch.[...] He passed his tongue experimentally over his teeth [...] Then there were his nails— ch7

Answer 109

- “But there isn’t a beast!” Something he had not known was there rose in him and compelled him to make the point, loudly and again. “But I tell you there isn’t a beast!” ch2 - “We’ve got to talk about this fear and decide there’s nothing in it[...] Then, when we’ve decided, we can start again and be careful about things like the fire.” A picture of three boys walking along the bright beach flitted through his mind. “And be happy.” ch5 - Simon mumbled confusedly: “I don’t believe in the beast.” Ralph answered him politely, as if agreeing about the weather. “No. I suppose not.” ch6 - “No. They’re not as bad as that. It was an accident.” ch12

Answer 110

- looked steadily at the skull that gleamed as white as ever the conch had done and seemed to jeer at him cynically. ch12 - The skull regarded Ralph like one who knows all the answers and won’t tell. ch12 - the skull lay in two pieces, its grin now six feet across. He wrenched the quivering stick from the crack and held it as a spear ch12 - A sick fear and rage swept him. Fiercely he hit out at the filthy thing in front of him that bobbed like a toy and came back, still grinning into his face, so that he lashed and cried out in loathing ch12

Answer 111

- He lifted the conch. “Seems to me we ought to have a chief to decide things.” ch1 - there was a stillness about ralph as he sat that marked him out: there was his size, and attractive appearance; and most obscurely yet most powerfully, there was the conch.' ch1 - “If I blow the conch and they don’t come back; then we’ve had it. We shan’t keep the fire going. We’ll be like animals. We’ll never be rescued.” “If you don’t blow, we’ll soon be animals anyway. ch5 - he flourished the conch ch5 - this toy of voting was almost as pleasing as the conch.' ch1

Answer 112

- the delight of a realized ambition overcame him [...] "No grown ups!"' ch1 - Ralph [...] returned as a fighter-plane [...] and machine-gunned Piggy.' ch1 - his face was dark with the violent pleasure of making this stupendous noise ch1 - "Like a bomb!" [...] Not for five minutes could they drag themselves away from this triumph.' ch1 - Ralph realized that the boys were falling still and silent, feeling the beginnings of awe at the power set free below them. The knowledge and the awe made him savage. ch2 - His voice was loud and savage, and struck them into silence. ch4 - Robert snarled at him. Ralph entered into the play and everybody laughed ch7 - Ralph, carried away by a sudden thick excitement, grabbed Eric's spear and jabbed at Robert with it. ch7 - Ralph too was fighting to get near, to get a handful of that brown, vulnerable flesh. The desire to squeeze and hurt was over-mastering ch7 - Without the fire we can’t be rescued. I’d like to put on war-paint and be a savage. But we must keep the fire burning. The fire’s the most important thing on the island, because, because ch8 - A fist withdrew and came back like a piston [...] using his clenched fist as a hammer; he hit with more and more passionate hysteria as the face became slippery. ch10

Answer 113

- Ralph was full of fright and apprehension and pride. “I hit him! The spear stuck in—” [...] He felt the need of witnesses. ch7 - “The fire is the most important thing on the island. [...]“You hunters! You can laugh! But I tell you the smoke is more important than the pig, however often you kill one. Do all of you see?”[...] “We’ve got to make smoke up there—or die.” ch5 - [ralph] sunned himself in their new respect and felt that hunting was good after all. ch7 - “Just a game,” said Ralph uneasily. “I got jolly badly hurt at rugger once.” ch7 - Without the fire we can’t be rescued. I’d like to put on war-paint and be a savage. But we must keep the fire burning. The fire’s the most important thing on the island, because, because ch8 - “What about my hunters?” “Boys armed with sticks.” ch8

Answer 114

- "who cares?" “Because the rules are the only thing we’ve got!”ch5 - There was the brilliant world of hunting, tactics, fierce exhilaration, skill; and there was the world of longing and baffled commonsense. ch4 - they were on different sides of a high barrier ch4 - "Seems to me we ought to have a chief to decide things." ch1 - We’ll have to have ’Hands up’ like at school.” ch2 - “The fire is the most important thing on the island. [...]“You hunters! You can laugh! But I tell you the smoke is more important than the pig, however often you kill one. Do all of you see?”[...] “We’ve got to make smoke up there—or die.” ch5 - "what makes things break up like they do?” Piggy rubbed his glasses slowly and thought. When he understood how far Ralph had gone toward accepting him he flushed pinkly with pride. “I dunno, Ralph. I expect it’s him.” “Jack?” “Jack.” A taboo was evolving round that word too. ch8 - “Let them go,” said Ralph, uneasily, “I don’t care.” “Just for some meat—” “And for hunting,” said Ralph, wisely, “and for pretending to be a tribe, and putting on war-paint.” ch9 - “Going to be a storm,” said Ralph, “and you’ll have rain like when we dropped here. Who’s clever now? Where are your shelters? What are you going to do about that?” [...]“Do our dance! Come on! Dance!” ch9 - Ralph knelt and blew. Grey, feathery ashes scurried hither and thither at his breath but no spark shone among them. ch11

Answer 115

- Ralph, cradling the conch, rocked himself to and fro. “Don’t you understand, Piggy? The things we did— ch10 - “You were outside. Outside the circle. You never really came in. Didn’t you see what we—what they did?” There was loathing, and at the same time a kind of feverish excitement, in his voice. ch10 - We got to forget this. We can’t do no good thinking about it, see?” “I’m frightened. Of us. I want to go home. Oh God, I want to go home.” ch10 - Ralph shuddered at the human contact. ch10

Answer 116

- “And he won’t be interrupted: Except by me.” ch2 - “We have lots of assemblies. Everybody enjoys speaking and being together. We decide things. But they don’t get done. ch5 - Now I say this and make it a rule, because I’m chief. ch5 - There had been no further numberings of the littluns, partly because there was no means of insuring that all of them were accounted for and partly because Ralph knew the answer to at least one question Piggy had asked on the mountaintop ch5 - In a moment the platform was full of arguing, gesticulating shadows. To Ralph, seated, this seemed the breaking up of sanity ch5 - “Shut up and listen.” Desperately, Ralph prayed that the beast would prefer littluns ch10

Answer 117

“We’re being fools.” Out of the darkness came the answer. “Windy?” Irritably Ralph shook himself. This was all Jack’s fault. ch7

Answer 118

- found themselves eager to take a place in this demented but partly secure society. They were glad to touch the brown backs of the fence that hemmed in the terror and made it governable. ch9 - Who’ll join my tribe?” “I will.” “Me.” “I will.”“I’ll blow the conch,” said Ralph breathlessly, “and call an assembly.” "We shan't hear it"

Answer 119

- Roger sharpened a stick at both ends. Ralph tried to attach a meaning to this but could not. ch12 - But really, thought Ralph, this was not Bill. This was a savage whose image refused to blend with that ancient picture of a boy in shorts and shirt. ch12 - The breaking of the conch and the deaths of Piggy and Simon lay over the island like a vapor. These painted savages would go further and further. Then there was that indefinable connection between himself and Jack; who therefore would never let him alone; never ch12 - Pretend they were still boys, schoolboys who had said, “Sir, yes, Sir”—and worn caps? Daylight might have answered yes; but darkness and the horrors of death said no ch12 - he knew he was an outcast. “ ‘Cos I had some sense.” ch12 - There was no Piggy to talk sense. There was no solemn assembly for debate nor dignity of the conch. ch12 - Ralph wept for the end of innocence, the darkness of man’s heart, and the fall through the air of the true, wise friend called Piggy. ch12

Answer 120

- Simon found for them the fruit they could not reach, pulled off the choicest [...] passed them back down to the endless, outstretched hands. When he had satisfied them...' ch3 - Simon [...] found [the specs] for him. Passions beat about Simon on the mountain-top with awful wings. “One side’s broken.” Piggy grabbed and put on the glasses ch4 - I just you’ll get back all right.” ch7

Answer 121

- eyes shining, mouths open, triumphant, they savoured the right of domination. They were lifted up: were friends. ch1 - his eyes so bright they had deceived Ralph into thinking him delightfully gay and wicked ch3

Answer 122

- “What I mean is. . . maybe it’s only us.” - Simon became inarticulate in his effort to express mankind’s essential illness. ch5 - “What’s the dirtiest thing there is?” ch5 - However Simon thought of the beast, there rose before his inward sight the picture of a human at once heroic and sick. ch6 - Simon mumbled confusedly: “I don’t believe in the beast.” ch6 - I think we ought to climb the mountain.” The circle shivered with dread. Simon broke off and turned to Piggy who was looking at him with an expression of derisive incomprehension. “What’s the good of climbing up to this here beast when Ralph and the other two couldn’t do nothing?” Simon whispered his answer. “What else is there to do?” ch8

Answer 123

- Even if he shut his eyes the sow’s head still remained like an after-image. ch8 - The half-shut eyes were dim with the infinite cynicism of adult life. They assured Simon that everything was a bad business. ch8 - saw the white teeth and dim eyes, the blood—and his gaze was held by that ancient, inescapable recognition. ch8 - “just an ignorant, silly little boy.” cg8 - “Fancy thinking the Beast was something you could hunt and kill!” ch8 - “You knew, didn’t you? I’m part of you? Close, close, close! I’m the reason why it’s no go? Why things are what they are?” ch8 - We are going to have fun on this island. Understand? ch8 - “we shall do you? See? ch8 - spoke in the voice of a schoolmaster

Answer 124

- the crowd surged after it, poured down the rock, leapt on to the beast, screamed, struck, bit, tore. There were no words, and no movements but the tearing of teeth and claws. ch9 - Now out of the terror rose another desire, thick, urgent, blind. ch9 - “Kill the beast! Cut his throat! Spill his blood! Do him in!” ch9 - Simon was crying out something about a dead man on a hill. ch9 - A thing was crawling out of the forest. It came darkly, uncertainly. The shrill screaming that rose before the beast was like a pain. ch9

Answer 125

- phosphorescence [..] was covered with a coat of pearls. [...] smoothed everything with a layer of silver. ch9 - dressed Simon’s coarse hair with brightness. The line of his cheek silvered and the turn of his shoulder became sculptured marble ch9 - Softly, surrounded by a fringe of inquisitive bright creatures, itself a silver shape beneath the steadfast constellations, Simon’s dead body moved out toward the open sea. ch9

Answer 126

- "We got to find the others. We got to do something." [...] ignoring Piggy;s ill-omened talk, he dreamed pleasantly. [...] "How many of us are there?" ch1 - “He hates me. I dunno why [...] He hates you too, Ralph—” [...]You got him over the fire; an’ you’re chief an’ he isn’t.” [...] I know about people. I know about me. And him. He can’t hurt you: but if you stand out of the way he’d hurt the next thing. And that’s me.” ch5 - “I think we ought to climb the mountain.” The circle shivered with dread. Simon broke off and turned to Piggy who was looking at him with an expression of derisive incomprehension. “What’s the good of climbing up to this here beast when Ralph and the other two couldn’t do nothing?” Simon whispered his answer. “What else is there to do?” ch8 - “What are we? Humans? Or animals? Or savages? What’s grown-ups going to think? “Look at ’em!” The sound of mock hunting, hysterical laughter and real terror came from the beach. “Blow the conch, Ralph.” [...]“You got to be tough now. Make ’em do what you want.” [...] “If you don’t blow, we’ll soon be animals anyway. ch5 - Piggy could think. He could go step by step inside that fat head of his, only Piggy was no chief. But Piggy, for all his ludicrous body, had brains. Ralph was a specialist in thought now, and could recognize thought in another. ch5 - Life [...] is scientific, that’s what it is. [...] I know there isn’t no beast—not with claws and all that, I mean—but I know there isn’t no fear, either [...] Unless we get frightened of people.” ch5 - "what makes things break up like they do?” Piggy rubbed his glasses slowly and thought. When he understood how far Ralph had gone toward accepting him he flushed pinkly with pride. “I dunno, Ralph. I expect it’s him.” “Jack?” “Jack.” A taboo was evolving round that word too. ch8 - We got to forget this. We can’t do no good thinking about it, see?” “I’m frightened. Of us. I want to go home. Oh God, I want to go home.” ch10 - I don’t ask for my glasses back, not as a favor. I don’t ask you to be a sport, I’ll say, not because you’re strong, but because what’s right’s right. Give me my glasses, I’m going to say—you got to!” ch11 ch11

Answer 127

- Piggy glanced nervously into hell and cradled the conch. ch2 - Suddenly Piggy was a-bubble with decorous excitement. "It's ever so valuable-" ch1 - "Careful! You'll break it-" [...] interesting and pretty and a worthy plaything' ch1 - "They'll come when they hear us-" He beamed at Ralph. "That was what you meant, didn't you? That's why you got the conch out of the water." ch1 - "I got the conch,” said Piggy indignantly. “You let me speak!” ch2 - “Look at ’em!” The sound of mock hunting, hysterical laughter and real terror came from the beach. “Blow the conch, Ralph.” [...]“You got to be tough now. Make ’em do what you want.” [...] “If you don’t blow, we’ll soon be animals anyway. ch5 - “When I saw Jack I was sure he’d go for the conch. [...] The group of boys looked at the white shell with affectionate respect ch8 - “An assembly for only us?” “It’s all we got. [...]“Blow the conch,” said Piggy. “Blow as loud as you can.” ch11 - By him stood Piggy still holding out the talisman, the fragile, shining beauty of the shell. The storm of sound beat at them, an incantation of hatred. ch11 - “What can he do more than he has? I’ll tell him what’s what. You let me carry the conch, Ralph. I’ll show him the one thing he hasn’t got.” ch11

Answer 128

- "My auntie told me not to run [...] on account of my asthma" ch1 - I expect we'll want to know all their names [...] and make a list. We ought to have a meeting.' ch1 - "They'll come when they hear us-" He beamed at Ralph. "That was what you meant, didn't you? That's why you got the conch out of the water." ch1 - “You didn’t ought to have let that fire out.[from piggy]” wails of agreement from some of the hunters, drove Jack to violence. ch4 - “Which is better—to have rules and agree, or to hunt and kill?” “Which is better, law and rescue, or hunting and breaking things up?” ch11 - There was no Piggy to talk sense. There was no solemn assembly for debate nor dignity of the conch. ch12

Answer 129

- "Ralph-please!" [...] Piggy grinned reluctantly, pleased despite himself at even this much recognition. ch1 - "sucks to your ass-mar!" Piggy bore this with a sort of humble patience. ch1 - for a moment the boys were a closed circuit of sympathy with Piggy outside' ch1 - Jack had meant to leave him in doubt, as an assertion of power; but Piggy by advertising his omission made more cruelty necessary. ch4 - The bolting look came into his blue eyes [...] able at last to hit someone [...] His voice was vicious with humiliation.[...] Jack smacked Piggy’s head. Piggy’s glasses flew off and tinkled on the rocks. Piggy cried out in terror: “My specs!” ch4 - Immediately, Ralph and the crowd of boys were united and relieved by a storm of laughter. Piggy once more was the center of social derision so that everyone felt cheerful and normal. ch9

Answer 130

- “One side’s broken.” Piggy grabbed and put on the glasses ch4 - "what makes things break up like they do?” Piggy rubbed his glasses slowly and thought ch8 - “You were outside. Outside the circle. You never really came in. Didn’t you see what we—what they did?” There was loathing, and at the same time a kind of feverish excitement, in his voice. [...] Not all that well. I only got one eye now. ch10

Answer 131

- found themselves eager to take a place in this demented but partly secure society. They were glad to touch the brown backs of the fence that hemmed in the terror and made it governable. ch9 - “Let them go,” said Ralph, uneasily, “I don’t care.” “Just for some meat—” “And for hunting,” said Ralph, wisely, “and for pretending to be a tribe, and putting on war-paint.” “P’raps we ought to go too.” Ralph looked at him quickly and Piggy blushed. “I mean—to make sure nothing happens.” ch9 - He was batty. He asked for it.” He gesticulated widely again. “It was an accident.” ch10 - We got to forget this. We can’t do no good thinking about it, see?” “I’m frightened. Of us. I want to go home. Oh God, I want to go home.” ch10 - What would a beast eat?” “Pig.” “We eat pig.” “Piggy!”

Answer 132

- By him stood Piggy still holding out the talisman, the fragile, shining beauty of the shell. The storm of sound beat at them, an incantation of hatred. - Roger, with a sense of delirious abandonment, leaned all his weight on the lever - monstrous red thing - exploded into a thousand white fragments and ceased to exist. - His head opened and stuff came out and turned red. Piggy’s arms and legs twitched a bit, like a pig’s after it has been killed. - This time the silence was complete. Ralph’s lips formed a word but no sound came.

Answer 133

- “His specs–use them as burning glasses!” Piggy was surrounded before he could back away. ch2 - Jack had meant to leave him in doubt, as an assertion of power; but Piggy by advertising his omission made more cruelty necessary. ch4 - The bolting look came into his blue eyes [...] able at last to hit someone [...] His voice was vicious with humiliation.[...] Jack smacked Piggy’s head. Piggy’s glasses flew off and tinkled on the rocks. Piggy cried out in terror: “My specs!” ch4 - “You didn’t ought to have let that fire out.[from piggy]” wails of agreement from some of the hunters, drove Jack to violence. ch4 - The bolting look came into his blue eyes [...] able at last to hit someone [...] His voice was vicious with humiliation.[...] Jack smacked Piggy’s head. Piggy’s glasses flew off and tinkled on the rocks. Piggy cried out in terror: “My specs!” ch4

Answer 134

- “His specs–use them as burning glasses!” Piggy was surrounded before he could back away. ch2 - Ralph, I’ll split up the choir–my hunters, that is–into groups, and we’ll be responsible for keeping the fire going–” [...]“We’ll let the fire burn out now. Who would see smoke at night-time, anyway? And we can start the fire again whenever we like. Altos, you can keep the fire going this week, and trebles the next–” [...] “And we’ll be responsible for keeping a lookout too. If we see a ship out there“–[...]w e’ll put green branches on. Then there’ll be more smoke.” ch2 - He flushed, conscious of a fault. ch4

Answer 135

- something dark was fumbling along[...] the creature was a party of boys marching approximately in two parallel lines' ch1 - the boy who controlled them [...] shouted an order and they halted, gasping, sweating, swaying in the fierce light.' ch1 - piggy asked no names. he was intimidated by this uniformed superiority and the offhand authority in merridew's voice.'ch1

Answer 136

- Its voice was thin, needle-sharp and insistent. The three boys rushed forward and Jack drew his knife again with a flourish.' ch1 - the blade continued to flash at the end of a bony arm. The pause was only long enough for them to understand what an enormity the downward stroke would be.' ch1 - Jack's face was white [...] "I was just waiting for a moment to decide where to stab him" [..] "Next time-!" [...] Next time there would be no mercy.' ch1 - the enormity of the knife descending and cutting into living flesh; because of the unbearable blood.' ch1 - less a hunter than a furtive thing, ape-like among the tangle of trees. Then the trail, the frustration, claimed him again ch3 - He noticed blood on his hands and grimaced distastefully [...] then wiped them on his shorts and laughed. ch4 - “There was lashings of blood,” said Jack, laughing and shuddering, “you should have seen it!” ch4 - His mind was crowded with memories; memories of the knowledge that had come to them when they closed in on the struggling pig, knowledge that they had outwitted a living thing, imposed their will upon it, taken away its life like a long satisfying drink. ch4 - the hunters followed, wedded to her in lust, excited by the long chase and the dropped blood. ch8 - Roger ran round the heap, prodding with his spear whenever pigflesh appeared. Jack was on top of the sow, stabbing downward with his knife ch8 - she staggered into an open space where bright flowers grew and butterflies danced round each other ch8 - the hunters hurled themselves at her. This dreadful eruption from an unknown world made her frantic; she squealed and bucked and the air was full of sweat and noise and blood and terror. ch8 - the hot blood spouted over his hands. The sow collapsed under them and they were heavy and fulfilled upon her. ch8

Answer 137

- Jack seized the conch' ch2 - “We’ll have rules!” he cried excitedly. “Lots of rules! Then when anyone breaks ’em–” ch2 - Jack held out his hands for the conch and stood up, holding the delicate thing carefully in his sooty hands. “I agree with Ralph. We’ve got to have rules and obey them. After all, we’re not savages. We’re English, and the English are best at everything. So we’ve got to do the right things.” ch2 - “We don’t need the conch any more. We know who ought to say things [...]It’s time some people knew they’ve got to keep quiet and leave deciding things to the rest of us.” ch6 - Jack clutched the conch to him. ch8 - “He’s not a hunter. He’d never have got us meat. He isn’t a prefect and we don’t know anything about him. He just gives orders and expects people to obey for nothing ch8 - Who’ll join my tribe?” “I will.” “Me.” “I will.”“I’ll blow the conch,” said Ralph breathlessly, “and call an assembly.” "We shan't hear it" ch9 - “I’m not going to play any longer. Not with you.” ch8 - “What can he do more than he has? I’ll tell him what’s what. You let me carry the conch, Ralph. I’ll show him the one thing he hasn’t got.” ch11

Answer 138

- "Seems to me we ought to have a chief to decide things." "I ought to be chief! because I'm chapter chorister and head boy. I can sing C sharp." ch1 - jack started to protest [at a vote for chief]' ch1

Answer 139

- “Ralph’s right of course. There isn’t a snake-thing. But if there was a snake we’d hunt it and kill it. We’re going to hunt pigs to get meat for everybody. And we’ll look for the snake too–” ch2 - “Because the rules are the only thing we’ve got!” [...] “Bollocks to the rules! We’re strong—we hunt! If there’s a beast, we’ll hunt it down! We’ll close in and beat and beat and beat—!” ch5 - “The thing is—fear can’t hurt you any more than a dream. There aren’t any beasts to be afraid of on this island. [...]Serve you right if something did get you, you useless lot of cry-babies! But there is no animal— ch5 - A stain in the darkness, a stain that was Jack ch7 - “We’re going to forget the beast.” “That’s right!” “Yes!” [...] “ When we kill we’ll leave some of the kill for it. Then it won’t bother us, maybe.” ch8 - “Yes. The beast is a hunter. Only— shut up! The next thing is that we couldn’t kill it ch8

Answer 140

- except for a pair of tattered shorts held up by his knife-belt he was naked. ch3 - his face was crumpled and freckled, and ugly without silliness [...] two light blue eyes, frustrated now, and turning, or ready to turn, to anger.' ch1 - bright blue, eyes that in this frustration seemed bolting and nearly mad. ch3 - He looked in astonishment, no longer at himself but at an awesome stranger.' ch4 - He spilt the water and leapt to his feet, laughing excitedly. Beside the pool his sinewy body held up a mask that drew their eyes and appalled them ch4 - He began to dance and his laughter became a bloodthirsty snarling. He capered toward Bill, and the mask was a thing on its own, behind which Jack hid, liberated from shame and self-consciousness. ch4 - "The rest are making a line. Come on!" "But―" "↔we↔" "Come on! I'll creep up and stab↔" The mask compelled them. ch4 - Like in the war. [...] Like things trying to look like something else— ch4 - He was safe from shame or self-consciousness behind the mask of his paint ch8 - Jack, painted and garlanded, sat there like an idol. ch9 - A little boy who wore the remains of an extraordinary black cap on his red hair and who carried the remains of a pair of spectacles at his waist ch12

Answer 141

- There was the brilliant world of hunting, tactics, fierce exhilaration, skill; and there was the world of longing and baffled commonsense. ch4 - Jack had meant to leave him in doubt, as an assertion of power; but Piggy by advertising his omission made more cruelty necessary. ch4 - Jack leapt to his feet, slashed off a great hunk of meat, and flung it down at Simon’s feet. “Eat! Damn you!” He glared at Simon. “Take it!” ch4 - Jack looked round for understanding but found only respect. ch4 - “You didn’t ought to have let that fire out.[from piggy]” wails of agreement from some of the hunters, drove Jack to violence. [...] "I got you meat!" "we needed meat"ch4 - “Bollocks to the rules! ch5 - You littluns started all this, with the fear talk. [...] you don’t hunt or build or help—you’re a lot of cry-babies and sissies.[...]as for the fear—you’ll have to put up with that like the rest of us. [...]Serve you right if something did get you, you useless lot of cry-babies! But there is no animal— ch5 - “Shove a palm trunk under that and if an enemy came— look!” [...] “One heave,” cried Jack, exulting, “and—wheee—!” ch6 - His tone conveyed a warning, given out of the pride of ownership, and the boys ate faster while there was still time ch9 - Jack rose from the log that was his throne and sauntered to the edge of the grass. ch9 - Power lay in the brown swell of his forearms: authority sat on his shoulder and chattered in his ear like an ape. ch9 - began screaming wildly. [...] there isn't a tribe for you any more! The conch is gone—”[...] “I’m chief!” ch11 - Viciously, with full intention, he hurled his spear at Ralph. ch11

Answer 142

- Jack shouted. "Make a ring!" ch7 - Jack had [robert] by the hair and was brandishing his knife. ch7 - “You want a real pig,” said Robert [...] because you’ve got to kill him.” “Use a littlun,” said Jack, and everybody laughed ch7

Answer 143

- 'Its voice was thin, needle-sharp and insistent. The three boys rushed forward and Jack drew his knife again with a flourish.' 1 - 'the blade continued to flash at the end of a bony arm. The pause was only long enough for them to understand what an enormity the downward stroke would be.' 1 - 'Jack's face was white [...] "I was just waiting for a moment to decide where to stab him" [..] "Next time-!" [...] Next time there would be no mercy.' 1 - 'the enormity of the knife descending and cutting into living flesh; because of the unbearable blood.' 1 - 'he swung back his right arm and hurled the spear with all his strength. From the pig-run came the quick, hard patter of hoofs, a castanet sound, seductive, maddening - the promise of meat.' 3 - 'the pig's head hung down with gaping neck and seemed to search for something on the ground.' 4 - chant "Kill the pig. Cut her throat. Spill her blood.' 4 - 'He sought, charitable in his happiness, to include them in the thing that had happened. His mind was crowded with memories; memories of the knowledge that had come to them when they closed in on that struggling pig, knowledge that they had outwitted a living thing, imposed their will upon it, taken away its life like a long satisfying drink.' 4 - 'Jack leapt to his feet, slashed off a great hunk of meat, and flung it down at Simon's feet. "Eat! Damn you!" 4 - '"I tell you the smoke is more important than the pig however often you kill one. Do all of you see? [...] We've got to make smoke up there- or die."' 5 - '"What would a beast eat?" "Pig." "We eat pig."' 5 - '"You want a real pig [...] because you've got to kill him.'" 7 - 'sunk in deep maternal bliss, lay the largest sow of the lot [...] the great bladder of her belly was fringed with a row of piglets that slept or burrowed and squeaked.' 8 - 'Roger ran around the heap, prodding with his spear whenever pigflesh appeared. Jack was on top of the sow, stabbing downward with his knife. Roger found a lodgement for his point and began to push until he was leaning with his whole weight.' 8 - 'the terrified squealing became a high pitched scream. Then Jack found the throat and the hot blood spouted over his hands. The sow collapsed under them and they were heavy and fulfilled upon her.' 8 - 'the head is for the beast. it's a gift.' 8 - 'a hunter crouched on either side. all three were masked in black and green. behind them on the grass the headless and paunched body of a sow lay where they had dropped it.' 11

Answer 144

- slight, furtive boy [...] with an inner intensity of avoidance and secrecy' -1 - "Lets have a vote" - 1 - there was a space round Henry, perhaps six yards in diameter, into which he dare not throw. Here, invisible yet strong, was the taboo of the old life. Round the squatting child was the protection of parents and school and policemen and the law. Roger’s arm was conditioned by a civilization that knew nothing of him and was in ruins. - 4 - Roger ran round the heap, prodding with his spear whenever pigflesh appeared. Jack was on top of the sow, stabbing downward with his knife - 8 - Roger took up a small stone and flung it between the twins, aiming to miss.[...]Some source of power began to pulse in Roger’s body - 11 - , Roger, with a sense of delirious abandonment, leaned all his weight on the lever - 11 - Below him, Ralph was a shock of hair and Piggy a bag of fat - 11 - Roger sharpened a stick at both ends. Ralph tried to attach a meaning to this but could not. - 12 - “He’s going to beat Wilfred.” “What for?” Robert shook his head doubtfully. “I don’t know. He didn’t say. He got angry and made us tie Wilfred up. He’s been”—he giggled excitedly—“he’s been tied for hours, waiting—assimilating the possibilities of irresponsible authority - 10

Answer 145

- something dark was fumbling along[...] the creature was a party of boys marching approximately in two parallel lines' - 1 - each boy wore a square black cap with a silver badge in it [...] their bodies [...] were hidden by black cloaks [...] complexions of newly washed plums' - 1 - the boy who controlled them [...] shouted an order and they halted, gasping, sweating, swaying in the fierce light.' - 1 - perched like black birds' - 1 - piggy asked no names. he was intimidated by this uniformed superiority and the offhand authority in merridew's voice.' - 1 - Each of them wore the remains of a black cap and ages ago they had stood in two demure rows and their voices had been the song of angels. 8

Answer 146

- He saw white drill, epaulettes, a revolver, a row of gilt buttons down the front of a uniform. - “Fun and games,” said the officer. - The kid needed a bath, a haircut, a nose-wipe and a good deal of ointment. - Percival Wemys Madison sought in his head for an incantation that had faded clean away - “I should have thought that a pack of British boys [...] would have been able to put up a better show than that - The officer, surrounded by these noises, was moved and a little embarrassed. He turned away to give them time to pull themselves together; and waited, allowing his eyes to rest on the trim cruiser in the distance. - A little boy who wore the remains of an extraordinary black cap on his red hair and who carried the remains of a pair of spectacles at his waist, started forward, then changed his mind and stood still

Answer 147

literary genre named after Robinson Crusoe which explores how people behave when they’re stranded in an isolated place

Answer 148

- the 3 boys in Coral Island are called Jack, Ralph, and Peter - use bravery and good christian values to defeat savages and pirates

Answer 149

- most desert island stories follow Jean-Jacques Rousseau who believed humanity to be at its best and most innocent in its state of nature and that social order was a corrupting influence - golding is closer to thomas hobbes who described life in a state of nature as 'nasty, brutish, and short' and thought that without social constraints humanity would immediately fall into violence which is why we need society and good government

Answer 150

the naval officer is just a grown up and socially acceptable version of the boys' violence

Answer 151

- english exceptionalism - the desire for social and political order through parliaments, govts and legislatures - the belief in supernatural or divine intervention in human destiny - In lotf the dangers arent external, theyre internal. There arent any savages to fight, just the savagery that apparently dwells within each of us - leadership

Answer 152

the desire for social and political order through parliaments, govts and legislatures (the platform and conch)

Answer 153

- moral and societal constraints are learned rather than innate - the human tendency to obey rules, behave peacefully, and follow orders is imposed by a system that is not in itself a fundamental part of human nature. Young boys are a fitting illustration of this premise, for they live in a constant state of tension with regard to the rules and regulations they are expected to follow. - Golding sees moral behavior, in many cases, as something that civilization forces upon the individual rather than a natural expression of human individuality. When left to their own devices, Golding implies, people naturally revert to cruelty, savagery, and barbarism

Answer 154

- capacity for evil was always there, just hidden under certain aspects of politics - all politicians hide evil (even democratic ones) and this evil trickles down the political system - the issue isn't just that evil exists, but projecting it onto someone or thing else and believing it only exists in pockets (eg when Piggy and Ralph deny killing simon, they are just as savage as when they are killing him, because denial breeds more savagery) - manifested in every country's need for a military ( the choir boys and the war outside the island) - LOTF explores the dark side of humanity, the savagery that underlies even the most civilized human beings. Golding intended the novel to be a tragic parody of children's adventure tales, illustrating humankind's intrinsic evil nature

Answer 155

that they lie dormant within us, controlled only by the restrictions of society and the facade of civilisation, waiting to be unleashed, as in WWII where the release of these savage impulses was legitimised

Answer 156

- all humanity is capable of evil - people (ie the allies) justified destruction in the name of morality, which is incongruous because killing itself is morally wrong - people normalise pain, death, and destruction (in the war) using their own world-views and supposed morality to justify them

Answer 157

- "I believe that man suffers an appalling ignorance of his own nature" - "It was what simply seemed sensible for me to write after the war when everyone was thanking God they weren't Nazis. I'd seen enough to realise every single one of us could be Nazis" - "It seemed to me that man's capacity for greed, his innate cruelty and selfishness, was being hidden behind a kind of pair of political pants" - "Before WWII I believed in the perfectibility of social man; that a correct structure of society would produce goodwill; and that therefore you could remove all social ills by a reorganisation of society...but after the war I did not because I was unable to. I had discovered what one man could do to another...I must say that anyone who moved through those years without understanding that man produces evil like a bee produces honey, must have been blind or wrong in the head" is not evil, but with others produces evil - "Before the war my generation had a naïve belief in the perfectibility of man. After it, we saw what man could do to man; it was like lamenting the lost childhood of the world. The theme of Lord of the Flies is grief, sheer grief. Grief, grief, grief." - "One of the faults of the British is to believe that evil is somewhere else and inherent in another nation." - "The terrible disease of being human"

Answer 158

- totalitarianism and dictatorship - uses the boys' fear of the beast to gain control and violence is born from fear - in times of widespread socio-economic distress, the general public feels itself vulnerable and turns to the leader who exhibits the most strength or seems to offer the most protection. Jack and the hunters, who offer the luxury of meat and the comforts of a dictatorship, fill that role, somewhat mirroring Germany's economic suffering, which paved the way for the radical politics of Adolph Hitler's Nazism in the aftermath of World War I

Answer 159

- democracy, law, order - golding uses ralph to explore the hobbesian view that governments care to protect men from each other, by slowly destroying ralph's democratic leadership, this shows that no amount if civilisation can mask man's inherent evil

Answer 160

- ralph's democratic approach doesn't work in all situations (eg voting on ghosts doesnt make sense, therefore democracy often fails when fear is involved) - society helps but is never perfect (boys not accepting piggy [are people inherently bad? if the boys are conditioned by british society ie aiming to miss, then they have been conditioned in other ways too ie reactions to piggy], golding not believing in the 'perfectibility of man'), because man is innately evil - same for leadership - roger throqing to miss but then the island is mimicked with the wider world being at war ie the captain - golding provides a complex presentation of leadership, but ultimately champions democracy and rationalism, tempered by spiritualism, as positive values for leadership. However, he simultaneously warns of each's fragility, as seen in the midst and aftermath of WWII, where these same values were used to legitimise many acts of violence and savagery. - both ralph and jack have a desire and instinct to be in control and have power, however jack's use of the boys' fear and ruling by violence, exemplify the rise of a dictator and militaristic state leaders. Ralph attempts to spearhead a democracy and reassures the boys, showing rule by equality and logic - although this is not complete, hinting at the downfalls many democratic systems have - both ralph and jack use external factors to become stronger leaders, however ralph uses the hope of rescue to enforce democracy, whereas jack uses the fear of the east to secure his own power through manipulation, showing how those in power can harness emotions to strengthen their own status

Answer 161

irregular stanzas - mimics strange relationship

Answer 162

AABB, ABAB, ABBA

Answer 163

- fairly regular iambic tetrameter - persona loses regularity & control

Answer 164

- damaging effects of marriage - exposes dangerous sexualisation of young women - silent submission of women trapped in danger - patriarchy enables men to objectify and possess women - metaphor for societal expectations keeping women locked away - presents obsession as a dangerous feeling, showing the destructive consequences of power in relationships and society - explores dominance and the fear it creates within a relationship, criticising society's acceptance of the subjugation and silencing of women

Answer 165

- 'farmer's bride' - 'three summers since i chose a maid' - 'too young maybe' - 'frightened fay' - 'we chased' - 'hare' - 'church-Town' - 'fast' - 'over seven-acre field and up-along across the down' - 'one leaf' - 'the soft young down of her, the brown, the brown of her - her eyes, her hair, her hair!'

Answer 166

- Petrarchan sonnet (2 quatrains, one sestet) - volta is on the 5th not 8th line; non-conformist - extended metaphor (conceit) of nature imagery for sexual passion

Answer 167

- iambic pentameter - traditional format shows the traditional nature of her love - breaks iambic pentameter - eg "put out broad leaves, & soon there's nought to see' - highlights unconventionality of love and suggests their love cant be constrained by rigidity of sonnet form

Answer 168

- overwhelming intensity of love - different gender roles within relationship - fantasy vs reality - Fantasy is a poor substitute for reality when it comes to love. - it's hard to be apart when you're in love - Love, Vulnerability, and Freedom - to experience love one must be vulnerable and willing to give oneself over entirely to passion - whether that means rejecting societal dictates of decorum and restraint, or simply one's own familiar ways of being - Only through vulnerability and passion may lovers experience the powerful freedom of real love.

Answer 169

- 'renew thy presence; as a strong tree should' - 'rustle thy boughs and set thy trunk all bare' - 'new air...I do not think of thee - I am too near thee' - 'I think of thee! - my thoughts do twine and bud' - 'wild vines...put out broad leaves and soon there's nought to see' - 'O, my palm-tree' - 'I will not have my thoughts instead of thee' - 'let these bands of greenery...drop heavily down - burst, shattered, everywhere!'

Answer 170

- Lyric poetry - is emotional and expresses thoughts & feelings not a story - apostrophe - speaker directly addresses someone but they don't reply

Answer 171

Accentual verse - each lines contains same amount of stressed syllables, no matter how many syllables are in each line

Answer 172

- shakespearean sonnet - ABAB CDCD EFEF GG - Just before 'GG' falls out of rhyme scheme, suggesting the persona felt the relationship was worthy of a sonnet before hearing of latest infidelity

Answer 173

- breakups are not neat endings - characterised by lingering pain and anger - how quickly lover's perceptions of each other can change when they're not together - people move on but not always completely from past loves - relationship breakdown can feel like death/grief

Answer 174

- 'in silence and tears' - 'half broken hearted' - 'pale grew thy cheek and cold' - 'shudder' - 'dew of the morning sunk chill' - 'thy vows are all broken' - 'knell in mine ear' - in secret we met / in silence I grieve'

Answer 175

2 stanzas which mimic a couple

Answer 176

- trochaic metre which is connected to the usual ballad metre - ABAB, CDCD alternate rhyme scheme had 3 interpretations - shows constant fluctuations and growth and progression of the relationship - something is separating them but they are still close - unbalanced relationship, as only one of them is dedicated

Answer 177

- greatest happiness comes from relationships - it is natural to be in love - physical consummation is an important part of a relationship - romance is both physical and spiritual - love is essential to life - love is a force so strong it transcends the limits of the world and is beyond the limits of man's powers

Answer 178

- 'why not I with thine?' - 'mountains kiss high heaven' - 'and the sunlight clasps the earth and the moonbeams kiss the sea' - 'thou kiss not me?' - 'fountains mingle with the river ... rivers with the ocean' - 'winds of heaven mix forever ... sweet emotion' - 'all things by a law divine'

Answer 179

dramatic monologue

Answer 180

- clear scheme - ABABB - which mirrors calmness of speaker - shocking murder

Answer 181

- society wants methods of control to remain distinct but people's emotions can be strong enough to break (class) boundaries which are unnecessary & immaterial to true passion - women are punished as scapegoats for other parts of society (class) - obsession with purity and control in victorian society - punished for not being a pure good woman - society's rules are so ingrained people kill those they love - society uses religion to justify oppression - presents obsession as a dangerous feeling, showing the destructive consequences of power in relationships and society

Answer 182

- 'porphyria's lover' - 'porphyria worshipped me' - 'one long yellow string' - 'burning kiss [...] I propped her head up as before' - 'god has not said a word' - 'tore the elm-tops down for spite [...] vex the lake' - 'glided in porphyria [...] she shut out the cold and the storm' - 'kneeled and made the cheerless grate blaze up' - 'soiled gloves [...] let the damp hair fall' - 'she put my arm' - 'set its struggling passion free [...] pride [...] vainer ties [...] give herself to me forever'

Answer 183

- ABBA - Straightforward - neutral - highly controlled though - thinks of this memory often

Answer 184

4 quatrains

Answer 185

- tetrameter - faster pace than iambic tetrameter - contrasts stagnant atmosphere - 3 tetrameter lines them final trimeter line creates an irregular combination of iambs and anapaests, creating an irregular pace to symbolise the uneven emotional ground

Answer 186

- love is deceitful and causes harm - loss can change a person's perception of the world - relationship breakdown diminishes colour and vitality of life - lasting power of memory and its impact on life and views - relationship ending can be positive (after time has passed)

Answer 187

- 'we stood by a pond that winter day' - 'sun was white...chidden of god' - 'fallen from an ash' - 'tedious riddles of years ago' - 'your face and the god-curst sun'

Answer 188

- no end rhymes - enjambment, suggesting normal speech patterns

Answer 189

- constant semantic field of winter/early spring, light and dark, communication/messages - free verse shows everything is changeable, just like the seasons - 5 tercets

Answer 190

- communication is essential in a relationship - it is possible to be connected whilst separated by distance

Answer 191

- 'in february, digging his garden, planting potatoes' - 'knuckles singing' - 'it's not romance, simply how things are' - 'my heartful of headlines' - 'pouring air and light into an envelope' - 'same news in different houses' - 'our souls tapped out messages across the icy miles'

Answer 192

4 quintains which clarify how the speaker's response to memory develops - from recollection, resistance, acceptance, to reflection

Answer 193

- ABACA monosyllabic rhymes show the uncomplicated and raw feelings to create a melancholic tone - stable scheme mimics their relationship - irregular metre creates a conversational tone - final 2 lines are end-stopped - this control and precision creates confidence and finality - measured pace shows gradual separation

Answer 194

- parenthood/parental love and the pain that comes with it - letting go/separation - necessary and natural - the passage of time - gaining independence - nature - the act of reminiscing

Answer 195

- 'it is eighteen years ago, almost to the day -' - 'a sunny day with leaves just turning' - 'your first game of football, then, like a satellite / Wrenched from its orbit, go drifting away / Behind a scatter of boys' - 'the pathos of a half-fledged thing set free / into a wilderness' - 'that hesitant figure, eddying away' - 'like a winged seed loosened from its parent stem' - 'nature's give and take - the small, the scorching ordeals which fire one's irresolute clay' - 'gnaws at my mind still' - 'what god alone could perfectly show - / How selfhood begins with a walking away / And love is proved in the letting go'

Answer 196

- quatrains - at the end, the last line is separate, mirroring his division from his parents - most phrases are shorter or longer than a single line, causing tension with the quatrain form, suggesting the speaker is focussed on their parents rather than the poetic form

Answer 197

- some iambic pentameter, but not rigid - last line is in iambic pentameter, giving it a rigid, stately feel which sets it apart so it feels almost elegiac - ABAB but with half-rhymes - slant rhymes - unreliable - hard to know what is real and what isn't

Answer 198

- love can transcend death - family ties are strong and everlasting - death does not have to be feared - dealing and coping with loss

Answer 199

- 'eden rock' - 'in the same suit / Of Genuine Irish Tweed' - 'ribbon in her straw hat, / has spread the stiff white cloth over the grass' - 'her hair, the colour of wheat, takes on the light' - 'she pours tea from a Thermos' - 'the same three plates, the tin cups painted blue' - 'the sky whitens as if lit by three suns' - ''See where the stream-path is! / Crossing is not as hard as you might think.' / I had not thought that it would be like this.'

Answer 200

- free verse - stanzas 1 + 2 are quatrains, though 2 has more enjambment - unspooling - begins as a sonnet but the sestet has an extra 7th line - could represent their connection or separation

Answer 201

not traditional ABBA showing the ambivalence of the speaker's feeling

Answer 202

- weakening of parent child relationship - support - supportive parent-child relationships can become stifling and so inevitabily separate - the freedom that separation can bring - distance - growing up

Answer 203

- 'mother, any distance greater than a single span' - 'windows, pelmets, doors' - 'acres of the walls, prairies of the floors' - 'you at the zero-end, me with the spool of tape' - 'unreeling years between us. Anchor. Kite. - 'space-walk' - 'endless sky / to fall or fly'

Answer 204

- chronological, mimicking his life - cyclical, showing the passing on of knowledge - past tense, as it is grounded in his childhood memory - 6 quatrains - neat and stable, mirroring the well-ploughed fields and the claustrophobic environment the speaker grew up in

Answer 205

- all lines are 8 syllables, creating a steady rhythm, mimicking their stable relationship - mostly iambic tetrameter, mimicking the father's speed of working - not consistent metre, showing the tension in the relationship - tight ABAB scheme, each stanza containing a perfect rhyme and a slant rhyme, mirroring the feeling that Heaney won't live up to his father

Answer 206

- cyclical relationship between parent and child - how admiration can materialise into a sense of inferiority and pressure - the importance for children of finding a role model in their parents - can encourage children to be better people - parents can help to support children in exploring the world, without controlling what they do

Answer 207

- 'shoulders globed like a full sail strung' - 'an expert' - 'all I ever did was follow / In his broad shadow round the farm' - 'the sod rolled over without breaking' - 'I stumbled in his hob-nailed wake'

Answer 208

- 4 quintains - repetitive and mirrors the inevitability of the future life/women's role in society - short simple sentences are childlike which contrasts with polysyllabic diction, suggesting she is talking about her childhood through an adult lens - enaleptic frames, apostrophe, narrative structure

Answer 209

blank verse with no rhyming pattern

Answer 210

- how life changes after having a child - the societal pressures put upon women to have children - how the regret of motherhood can transform into guilt for the child - motherhood - the past - inheritance - guilt passed onto children - the role of women in society

Answer 211

- 7 stanzas - 6 tercets, 1 couplet - the tercets show the obstacle between the couple and the couplet shows their reconciliation

Answer 212

- irregular and unrhymed (even in the couplet) - shows that everything is not perfect - disjointed rhythm shows their conflict and the unpredictability of relationships

Answer 213

- relationships can be difficult but love keeps people together - the strangest/simplest things can bring us together - critical role of nature in society due to its impact on people, by offering reminders of simplicity - love is dependent on partnership and communication - relationships go through ups and downs; this is natural, but relationships do require work/effort/perseverance/dedication

Answer 214

- 'icebergs of white feather' - ''they mate for life' you said' - 'slow-stepping through the lake's shingle and sand - 'somehow / swum the distance' - 'pair of wings settling after flight' - 'clouds had given their all - 'waterlogged earth / gulping for breath' - 'winter swans' - 'porcelain'

Answer 215

- refrains and repetitions create a lyrical structure mimicking a song - 58 lines, 38 stanzas of varying lengths - couplets - dramatic monologue

Answer 216

- stable rhythm with a song-esque pace - free verse communicates the casual tone and giddiness

Answer 217

- overwhelming love and passion - love brings joy and passion to life and has the power to transform the everyday world - young immigrants may form hybrid identities causing tensions with older generations - love can make people obsessive and irresponsible

Answer 218

- 1 long stanza - mimics the climbing of a mountain - daunting, relentless, awe-inspiring - extended metaphor

Answer 219

- no rhyme scheme or metre creates a natural feel - unpredictable line breaks using caesura, enjambment, and end-stopped lines - free verse

Answer 220

- it can be difficult trying to get to know your family, especially with generational divides or memory can be difficult - admiration for family members

Answer 221

- 'I decide to do it free, without a rope or net' - 'the old brogues, dusty and cracked' - 'by the overhanging shirt I change / directions, traverse along his belt' - 'an earth-stained hand' - 'the skin of his finger is smooth and thick like warm ice' - 'the glass ridge of a scar' - 'at his still firm shoulder, I rest for a while' - 'watching clouds and birds circle' - 'feeling his heat, knowing / the slow pulse of his good heart'

Answer 222

- 'i'm ten years away from the corner you laugh on' - 'marilyn' - 'I remember my hands in those high-heeled red shoes, relics' - 'and now your ghost clatters towards me' - 'where you sparkle and waltz and laugh'

Answer 223

- 'I run just one ov my daddy's shops' - 'like vee rowing through Putney' - 'in di worst Indian shop / on di whole Indian road' - 'above my head high heel tap' - 'she netting two cat on her Sikh lover site' - 'tiny eyes ov a gun / and di tummy ov a teddy' - 'my bride' - 'she wear a tartan sari' - 'how much do yoo charge for dat moon baby [...] is priceless baby'

Answer 224

- 1 long stanza - mimics the climbing of a mountain - daunting, relentless, awe-inspiring - extended metaphor

Answer 225

- no rhyme scheme or metre creates a natural feel - unpredictable line breaks using caesura, enjambment, and end-stopped lines - free verse

Answer 226

- it can be difficult trying to get to know your family, especially with generational divides or memory can be difficult - admiration for family members

Answer 227

- 'I decide to do it free, without a rope or net' - 'the old brogues, dusty and cracked' - 'by the overhanging shirt I change / directions, traverse along his belt' - 'an earth-stained hand' - 'the skin of his finger is smooth and thick like warm ice' - 'the glass ridge of a scar' - 'at his still firm shoulder, I rest for a while' - 'watching clouds and birds circle' - 'feeling his heat, knowing / the slow pulse of his good heart'

Answer 228

Story of the Door

Answer 229

Search for Mr Hyde

Answer 230

Dr Jekyll was Quite at Ease

Answer 231

The Carew Murder Case

Answer 232

Incident of the Ltter

Answer 233

Remarkable Incident of Dr Lanyon

Answer 234

Incident at the Window

Answer 235

The Last Night

Answer 236

Dr Lanyon's Narrative

Answer 237

Henry Jekyll's Full Statement of the Case

Answer 238

- Introduces Mr. Utterson, a lawyer, and his friend Mr. Enfield, whoare walking through London and discuss a mysterious door in London - Enfield describes Hyde trampling a girl and how Hyde went through the door and produced a cheque signed by someone else to pay off the girl's family - Enfield doesn't say who signed the cheque but Utterson has already worked it out

Answer 239

- Utterson re-reads Jekyll's will which says Hyde will inherit everything if Jekyll dies or vanishes so Utterson decides Hyde must be blackmailing Jekyll - Utterson visits Lanyon and discovers he and Jekyll have fallen out over Jekyll's approach to science - Utterson meets Hyde, outside Jekyll's lab

Answer 240

- Utterson goes to a dinner party at Jekyll's house - he questions Jekyll about Hyde and the will - Jekyll won't explain and asks Utterson to leave the matter alone - he also asks Utterson to look after Hyde if Jekyll is ever 'taken away'

Answer 241

- Hyde attacks and murders Carew, nearly a year later - Utterson realises that Carew was murdered using a cane Utterson gave Jekyll, linking Jekyll to the murder - Utterson and the police go to Hyde's lodgings but he isn't there

Answer 242

- after the murder, Utterson visits Jekyll who looks ill and upset and swears that Hyde has gone - Jekyll gives Utterson a letter from Hyde and asks Utterson to decide whether to give it to the police - Poole says no letters arrived that day so Utterson concludes Hyde's note was delivered to the back door or written in the lab cabinet - Utterson's clerk, Guest, suggests Hyde's letter was written by Jekyll as the handwriting is similar - Utterson warns Guest not to speak of the letter and locks it in his safe

Answer 243

- Hyde vanishes and Jekyll returns to normal (is sociable and does good deeds) - then he suddenly shuts himself away again - Utterson visits Lanyon and finds that he is dying - he refuses to talk about Jekyll - 2 weeks later, Lanyon dies and leaves Utterson a letter; inside is another letter that says it can't be opened until Jekyll's death or disappearance - Utterson is tempted to open it but locks it in his safe

Answer 244

Utterson and Enfield see Jekyll in his lab window but as they are talking, his expression suddenly changes and he shuts himself away again

Answer 245

- Poole visits Utterson to ask for his help - they go to Jekyll's house and Jekyll refuses to let them into his office and his voice has changes - they break down the door and find Hyde's body who has taken poison to kill himself; Jekyll has disappeared - they find a letter Jekyll has written for Utterson

Answer 246

- Lanyon's letter to Utterson - Jekyll asks for Lanyon's help and Lanyon sees Hyde transform into Jekyll - Lanyon was horrified; this was the shock that led to his death

Answer 247

- jekyll's letter to utterson reveals the truth - Jekyll describes his scientific findings, the first time he turned into Hyde and how he began to lose control over Hyde

Answer 248

- "We got to find the others. We got to do something." [...] ignoring Piggy;s ill-omened talk, he dreamed pleasantly. ch1 - The fat boy waited to be asked his name in turn but this proffer of acquaintance was not made ch1

Answer 249

- the directness of genuine leadership' ch1 - Ralph lolled in the water. [...] "How does he know we're here?" Because, thought Ralph, because, because." ch1 - “And he won’t be interrupted: Except by me.” ch2 - Balanced on a high peak of need, agonized by indecision, cried out: “Oh God, oh God!” ch4 - He lost himself in a maze of thoughts that were rendered vague by his lack of words to express them ch5 - Piggy could think. He could go step by step inside that fat head of his, only Piggy was no chief. But Piggy, for all his ludicrous body, had brains ch5 - “We have lots of assemblies. Everybody enjoys speaking and being together. We decide things. But they don’t get done. ch5 - Now I say this and make it a rule, because I’m chief. ch5 - There had been no further numberings of the littluns, partly because there was no means of insuring that all of them were accounted for and partly because Ralph knew the answer to at least one question Piggy had asked on the mountaintop ch5 - In a moment the platform was full of arguing, gesticulating shadows. To Ralph, seated, this seemed the breaking up of sanity ch5 - he spoke despairingly, out of the new understanding that Piggy had given him. “Why do you hate me?” The boys stirred uneasily, as though something indecent had been said. ch7 - “Shut up and listen.” Desperately, Ralph prayed that the beast would prefer littluns ch10 - “We’re being fools.” Out of the darkness came the answer. “Windy?” Irritably Ralph shook himself. This was all Jack’s fault. ch7

Answer 250

- he might have made a boxer[...] but there was a mildness about his mouth and eyes that proclaimed no devil [...] looked at the water with bright, excited eyes'' ch1 - fair hair' ch1 - he became conscious of the weight of clothes, kicked his shoes off fiercely and ripped off each stocking with its elastic garter in a single movement' ch1 - jerked his stockings with an automatic gesture that made the jungle seem for a moment like the Home Counties' ch1 - to put on a grey shirt once more was strangely pleasing' ch1 - [ralph] pulled distastefully at his grey shirt and wondered whether he might undertake the adventure of washing it. ch7 - “We’ll be like we were. We’ll wash—” “We ought to comb our hair. Only it’s too long.” [...] “and tie your hair back.” ch11 - They understood only too well the liberation into savagery that the concealing paint brought. “Well, we won’t be painted,” said Ralph, “because we aren’t savages.” ch11

Answer 251

- “But there isn’t a beast!” Something he had not known was there rose in him and compelled him to make the point, loudly and again. “But I tell you there isn’t a beast!” ch2 - “We’ve got to talk about this fear and decide there’s nothing in it[...] Then, when we’ve decided, we can start again and be careful about things like the fire.”[...] “And be happy.” ch5 - Simon mumbled confusedly: “I don’t believe in the beast.” Ralph answered him politely, as if agreeing about the weather. “No. I suppose not.” ch6 - “No. They’re not as bad as that. It was an accident.” ch12 - looked steadily at the skull that gleamed as white as ever the conch had done and seemed to jeer at him cynically. ch12 - The skull regarded Ralph like one who knows all the answers and won’t tell. ch12 - the skull lay in two pieces, its grin now six feet across. He wrenched the quivering stick from the crack and held it as a spear ch12 - A sick fear and rage swept him. Fiercely he hit out at the filthy thing in front of him that bobbed like a toy and came back, still grinning into his face, so that he lashed and cried out in loathing ch12

Answer 252

- He lifted the conch. “Seems to me we ought to have a chief to decide things.” ch1 this toy of voting was almost as pleasing as the conch.' ch1 - there was a stillness about ralph as he sat that marked him out: there was his size, and attractive appearance; and most obscurely yet most powerfully, there was the conch.' ch1 - “If I blow the conch and they don’t come back; then we’ve had it. We shan’t keep the fire going. We’ll be like animals. We’ll never be rescued.” “If you don’t blow, we’ll soon be animals anyway. ch5 - he flourished the conch ch5 - Ralph, cradling the conch, rocked himself to and fro. “Don’t you understand, Piggy? The things we did— ch10 - Who’ll join my tribe?” “I will.” “Me.” “I will.”“I’ll blow the conch,” said Ralph breathlessly, “and call an assembly.” "We shan't hear it"

Answer 253

- the delight of a realized ambition overcame him [...] "No grown ups!"' ch1 - Ralph [...] returned as a fighter-plane [...] and machine-gunned Piggy.' ch1 - his face was dark with the violent pleasure of making this stupendous noise ch1 - "Like a bomb!" [...] Not for five minutes could they drag themselves away from this triumph.' ch1 - Ralph realized that the boys were falling still and silent, feeling the beginnings of awe at the power set free below them. The knowledge and the awe made him savage. ch2 - His voice was loud and savage, and struck them into silence. ch4 - “The fire is the most important thing on the island. [...]“You hunters! You can laugh! But I tell you the smoke is more important than the pig, however often you kill one. Do all of you see?”[...] “We’ve got to make smoke up there—or die.” ch5 - Ralph was full of fright and apprehension and pride. “I hit him! The spear stuck in—” [...] He felt the need of witnesses. ch7 - Ralph, carried away by a sudden thick excitement, grabbed Eric's spear and jabbed at Robert with it. ch7 - Ralph too was fighting to get near, to get a handful of that brown, vulnerable flesh. The desire to squeeze and hurt was over-mastering ch7 -[ralph] sunned himself in their new respect and felt that hunting was good after all. ch7 - “Just a game,” said Ralph uneasily. “I got jolly badly hurt at rugger once.” ch7 - “What about my hunters?” “Boys armed with sticks.” ch8 - Without the fire we can’t be rescued. I’d like to put on war-paint and be a savage. But we must keep the fire burning. The fire’s the most important thing on the island, because, because ch8 - found themselves eager to take a place in this demented but partly secure society. They were glad to touch the brown backs of the fence that hemmed in the terror and made it governable. ch9 - A fist withdrew and came back like a piston [...] using his clenched fist as a hammer; he hit with more and more passionate hysteria as the face became slippery. ch10

Answer 254

- We’ll have to have ’Hands up’ like at school.” ch2 - There was the brilliant world of hunting, tactics, fierce exhilaration, skill; and there was the world of longing and baffled commonsense. ch4 - they were on different sides of a high barrier ch4 - "who cares?" “Because the rules are the only thing we’ve got!”ch5 - “The fire is the most important thing on the island. [...]“You hunters! You can laugh! But I tell you the smoke is more important than the pig, however often you kill one. Do all of you see?”[...] “We’ve got to make smoke up there—or die.” ch5 - "what makes things break up like they do?” Piggy rubbed his glasses slowly and thought. When he understood how far Ralph had gone toward accepting him he flushed pinkly with pride. “I dunno, Ralph. I expect it’s him.” “Jack?” “Jack.” A taboo was evolving round that word too. ch8 - “Let them go,” said Ralph, uneasily, “I don’t care.” “Just for some meat—” “And for hunting,” said Ralph, wisely, “and for pretending to be a tribe, and putting on war-paint.” ch9 - “Going to be a storm,” said Ralph, “and you’ll have rain like when we dropped here. Who’s clever now? Where are your shelters? What are you going to do about that?” [...]“Do our dance! Come on! Dance!” ch9 - We got to forget this. We can’t do no good thinking about it, see?” “I’m frightened. Of us. I want to go home. Oh God, I want to go home.” ch10 - Ralph shuddered at the human contact. ch10 - Ralph knelt and blew. Grey, feathery ashes scurried hither and thither at his breath but no spark shone among them. ch11

Answer 255

- Roger sharpened a stick at both ends. Ralph tried to attach a meaning to this but could not. - But really, thought Ralph, this was not Bill. This was a savage whose image refused to blend with that ancient picture of a boy in shorts and shirt. - The breaking of the conch and the deaths of Piggy and Simon lay over the island like a vapor. These painted savages would go further and further. Then there was that indefinable connection between himself and Jack; who therefore would never let him alone; never - Pretend they were still boys, schoolboys who had said, “Sir, yes, Sir”—and worn caps? Daylight might have answered yes; but darkness and the horrors of death said no - he knew he was an outcast. “ ‘Cos I had some sense.” - There was no Piggy to talk sense. There was no solemn assembly for debate nor dignity of the conch. - Ralph wept for the end of innocence, the darkness of man’s heart, and the fall through the air of the true, wise friend called Piggy.

Answer 256

- “His specs–use them as burning glasses!” . ch2 - “You didn’t ought to have let that fire out.[from piggy]” wails of agreement from some of the hunters, drove Jack to violence. ch4 - The bolting look came into his blue eyes [...] able at last to hit someone [...] His voice was vicious with humiliation.[...] Jack smacked Piggy’s head. Piggy’s glasses flew off and tinkled on the rocks. Piggy cried out in terror: “My specs!” ch4

Answer 257

- "Seems to me we ought to have a chief to decide things." "I ought to be chief! because I'm chapter chorister and head boy. I can sing C sharp." ch1 - jack started to protest [at a vote for chief]' ch1 - something dark was fumbling along[...] the creature was a party of boys marching approximately in two parallel lines' ch1 - the boy who controlled them [...] shouted an order and they halted, gasping, sweating, swaying in the fierce light.' ch1 - piggy asked no names. he was intimidated by this uniformed superiority and the offhand authority in merridew's voice.'ch1 - "Ralph, I’ll split up the choir–my hunters, that is–into groups, and we’ll be responsible for keeping the fire going–” [...]“We’ll let the fire burn out now. Who would see smoke at night-time, anyway? And we can start the fire again whenever we like. Altos, you can keep the fire going this week, and trebles the next–” [...] 'we’ll put green branches on. Then there’ll be more smoke.” ch2 - Jack seized the conch' ch2 - “We’ll have rules!” he cried excitedly. “Lots of rules! Then when anyone breaks ’em–” ch2 - Jack held out his hands for the conch and stood up, holding the delicate thing carefully in his sooty hands. “I agree with Ralph. We’ve got to have rules and obey them. After all, we’re not savages. We’re English, and the English are best at everything. So we’ve got to do the right things.” ch2 - Jack had meant to leave him in doubt, as an assertion of power; but Piggy by advertising his omission made more cruelty necessary. ch4 - He flushed, conscious of a fault. ch4 - “We don’t need the conch any more. We know who ought to say things [...]It’s time some people knew they’ve got to keep quiet and leave deciding things to the rest of us.” ch6 - “He’s not a hunter. He’d never have got us meat. He isn’t a prefect and we don’t know anything about him. He just gives orders and expects people to obey for nothing ch8 - “I’m not going to play any longer. Not with you.” ch8 - Who’ll join my tribe?” “I will.” “Me.” “I will.”“I’ll blow the conch,” said Ralph breathlessly, “and call an assembly.” "We shan't hear it" ch9

Answer 258

- Its voice was thin, needle-sharp and insistent. The three boys rushed forward and Jack drew his knife again with a flourish.' ch1 - the blade continued to flash at the end of a bony arm. The pause was only long enough for them to understand what an enormity the downward stroke would be.' ch1 - Jack's face was white [...] "I was just waiting for a moment to decide where to stab him" [...] Next time there would be no mercy.' ch1 - the enormity of the knife descending and cutting into living flesh; because of the unbearable blood.' ch1 - less a hunter than a furtive thing, ape-like among the tangle of trees. Then the trail, the frustration, claimed him again ch3 - He noticed blood on his hands and grimaced distastefully [...] then wiped them on his shorts and laughed. ch4 - “There was lashings of blood,” said Jack, laughing and shuddering, “you should have seen it!” ch4 - His mind was crowded with memories; memories of the knowledge that had come to them when they closed in on the struggling pig, knowledge that they had outwitted a living thing, imposed their will upon it, taken away its life like a long satisfying drink. ch4 - the hunters followed, wedded to her in lust, excited by the long chase and the dropped blood. ch8 - Roger ran round the heap, prodding with his spear whenever pigflesh appeared. Jack was on top of the sow, stabbing downward with his knife ch8 - she staggered into an open space where bright flowers grew and butterflies danced round each other ch8 -the hunters hurled themselves at her. This dreadful eruption from an unknown world made her frantic; she squealed and bucked and the air was full of sweat and noise and blood and terror. ch8 - the hot blood spouted over his hands. The sow collapsed under them and they were heavy and fulfilled upon her. ch8

Answer 259

- “Ralph’s right of course. There isn’t a snake-thing. But if there was a snake we’d hunt it and kill it. We’re going to hunt pigs to get meat for everybody. And we’ll look for the snake too–” ch2 - “Because the rules are the only thing we’ve got!” [...] “Bollocks to the rules! We’re strong—we hunt! If there’s a beast, we’ll hunt it down! We’ll close in and beat and beat and beat—!” ch5 - “The thing is—fear can’t hurt you any more than a dream. There aren’t any beasts to be afraid of on this island. [...]Serve you right if something did get you, you useless lot of cry-babies! But there is no animal— ch5 - A stain in the darkness, a stain that was Jack ch7 - “We’re going to forget the beast.” “That’s right!” “Yes!” [...] “ When we kill we’ll leave some of the kill for it. Then it won’t bother us, maybe.” ch8 - “Yes. The beast is a hunter. Only— shut up! The next thing is that we couldn’t kill it ch8

Answer 260

- There was the brilliant world of hunting, tactics, fierce exhilaration, skill; and there was the world of longing and baffled commonsense. ch4 - Jack leapt to his feet, slashed off a great hunk of meat, and flung it down at Simon’s feet. “Eat! Damn you!” He glared at Simon. “Take it!” ch4 - Jack looked round for understanding but found only respect. ch4 - “Bollocks to the rules! ch5 - You littluns started all this, with the fear talk. [...] you don’t hunt or build or help—you’re a lot of cry-babies and sissies.[...]as for the fear—you’ll have to put up with that like the rest of us. - “Shove a palm trunk under that and if an enemy came— look!” [...] “One heave,” cried Jack, exulting, “and—wheee—!” ch6 - Jack shouted. "Make a ring!" ch7 - Jack had [robert] by the hair and was brandishing his knife. ch7 - “You want a real pig,” said Robert [...] because you’ve got to kill him.” “Use a littlun,” said Jack, and everybody laughed ch7 - His tone conveyed a warning, given out of the pride of ownership, and the boys ate faster while there was still time ch9 Jack rose from the log that was his throne and sauntered to the edge of the grass. ch9 - Power lay in the brown swell of his forearms: authority sat on his shoulder and chattered in his ear like an ape. ch9 - began screaming wildly. [...] there isn't a tribe for you any more! The conch is gone—”[...] “I’m chief!” ch11 - Viciously, with full intention, he hurled his spear at Ralph. ch11

Answer 261

- his face was crumpled and freckled, and ugly without silliness [...] two light blue eyes, frustrated now, and turning, or ready to turn, to anger.' ch1 - except for a pair of tattered shorts held up by his knife-belt he was naked. ch3 bright blue, eyes that in this frustration seemed bolting and nearly mad. ch3 - He looked in astonishment, no longer at himself but at an awesome stranger.' ch4 - He spilt the water and leapt to his feet, laughing excitedly. Beside the pool his sinewy body held up a mask that drew their eyes and appalled them ch4 - He began to dance and his laughter became a bloodthirsty snarling. He capered toward Bill, and the mask was a thing on its own, behind which Jack hid, liberated from shame and self-consciousness. ch4 - "The rest are making a line. Come on!" "But-" "we" "Come on! I'll creep up and stab" The mask compelled them. ch4 - Like in the war. [...] Like things trying to look like something else— ch4 - He was safe from shame or self-consciousness behind the mask of his paint ch8 - Jack, painted and garlanded, sat there like an idol. ch9 - A little boy who wore the remains of an extraordinary black cap on his red hair and who carried the remains of a pair of spectacles at his waist ch12

Answer 262

- slight, furtive boy [...] with an inner intensity of avoidance and secrecy' -1 - "Lets have a vote" - 1 - there was a space round Henry, perhaps six yards in diameter, into which he dare not throw. Here, invisible yet strong, was the taboo of the old life. Round the squatting child was the protection of parents and school and policemen and the law. Roger’s arm was conditioned by a civilization that knew nothing of him and was in ruins. - 4 - Roger ran round the heap, prodding with his spear whenever pigflesh appeared. Jack was on top of the sow, stabbing downward with his knife - 8 - “He’s going to beat Wilfred.” “What for?” Robert shook his head doubtfully. “I don’t know. He didn’t say. He got angry and made us tie Wilfred up. He’s been”—he giggled excitedly—“he’s been tied for hours, waiting—assimilating the possibilities of irresponsible authority - 10 - Roger took up a small stone and flung it between the twins, aiming to miss.[...]Some source of power began to pulse in Roger’s body - 11 - Roger, with a sense of delirious abandonment, leaned all his weight on the lever - 11 - Below him, Ralph was a shock of hair and Piggy a bag of fat - 11 - Roger sharpened a stick at both ends.

Answer 263

- something dark was fumbling along[...] the creature was a party of boys marching approximately in two parallel lines' - 1 - each boy wore a square black cap with a silver badge in it [...] their bodies [...] were hidden by black cloaks [...] complexions of newly washed plums' - 1 - the boy who controlled them [...] shouted an order and they halted, gasping, sweating, swaying in the fierce light.' - 1 -perched like black birds' - 1 - piggy asked no names. he was intimidated by this uniformed superiority and the offhand authority in merridew's voice.' - 1 - Each of them wore the remains of a black cap and ages ago they had stood in two demure rows and their voices had been the song of angels. 8

Answer 264

- He saw white drill, epaulettes, a revolver, a row of gilt buttons down the front of a uniform. - “Fun and games,” said the officer. - The kid needed a bath, a haircut, a nose-wipe and a good deal of ointment. - Percival Wemys Madison sought in his head for an incantation that had faded clean away - “I should have thought that a pack of British boys [...] would have been able to put up a better show than that - The officer, surrounded by these noises, was moved and a little embarrassed. He turned away to give them time to pull themselves together; and waited, allowing his eyes to rest on the trim cruiser in the distance. - A little boy who wore the remains of an extraordinary black cap on his red hair and who carried the remains of a pair of spectacles at his waist, started forward, then changed his mind and stood still

Answer 265

- "We got to find the others. We got to do something." [...] ignoring Piggy;s ill-omened talk, he dreamed pleasantly. [...] "How many of us are there?" ch1 - He hates you too, Ralph—” [...]You got him over the fire; an’ you’re chief an’ he isn’t.” [...] I know about people. I know about me. And him. He can’t hurt you: but if you stand out of the way he’d hurt the next thing. And that’s me.” ch5 - “What are we? Humans? Or animals? Or savages? What’s grown-ups going to think? -The sound of mock hunting, hysterical laughter and real terror came from the beach. [...]“You got to be tough now. Make ’em do what you want.” [...] “If you don’t blow, we’ll soon be animals anyway. ch5 - Life [...] is scientific, that’s what it is. [...] I know there isn’t no beast—not with claws and all that, I mean—but I know there isn’t no fear, either [...] Unless we get frightened of people.” ch5 - "what makes things break up like they do?” Piggy rubbed his glasses slowly and thought. When he understood how far Ralph had gone toward accepting him he flushed pinkly with pride. “I dunno, Ralph. I expect it’s him.” “Jack?” “Jack.” A taboo was evolving round that word too. - We got to forget this. We can’t do no good thinking about it, see?” - I don’t ask for my glasses back, not as a favor. I don’t ask you to be a sport, I’ll say, not because you’re strong, but because what’s right’s right. Give me my glasses, I’m going to say—you got to!”

Answer 266

- Suddenly Piggy was a-bubble with decorous excitement. "It's ever so valuable" - "Careful! You'll break it-" [...] interesting and pretty and a worthy plaything' ch1 -"They'll come when they hear us-" He beamed at Ralph. "That was what you meant, didn't you? That's why you got the conch out of the water." ch1 - Piggy glanced nervously into hell and cradled the conch. ch2 - "I got the conch,” said Piggy indignantly. “You let me speak!” ch2 - “When I saw Jack I was sure he’d go for the conch. [...] The group of boys looked at the white shell with affectionate respect ch8 - By him stood Piggy still holding out the talisman, the fragile, shining beauty of the shell. The storm of sound beat at them, an incantation of hatred. ch11 - “What can he do more than he has? I’ll tell him what’s what. You let me carry the conch, Ralph. I’ll show him the one thing he hasn’t got.” ch11

Answer 267

- "My auntie told me not to run [...] on account of my asthma" ch1 - “You didn’t ought to have let that fire out.[from piggy]” wails of agreement from some of the hunters, drove Jack to violence. ch4 -“Which is better—to have rules and agree, or to hunt and kill?” “Which is better, law and rescue, or hunting and breaking things up?” ch11 - There was no Piggy to talk sense. There was no solemn assembly for debate nor dignity of the conch. ch12

Answer 268

- "Ralph-please!" [...] Piggy grinned reluctantly, pleased despite himself at even this much recognition. ch1 -"sucks to your ass-mar!" Piggy bore this with a sort of humble patience. ch1 - for a moment the boys were a closed circuit of sympathy with Piggy outside' ch1 - Jack had meant to leave him in doubt, as an assertion of power; but Piggy by advertising his omission made more cruelty necessary. ch4 - Immediately, Ralph and the crowd of boys were united and relieved by a storm of laughter. Piggy once more was the center of social derision so that everyone felt cheerful and normal. ch9

Answer 269

-Roger, with a sense of delirious abandonment, leaned all his weight on the lever - exploded into a thousand white fragments and ceased to exist. - His head opened and stuff came out and turned red. Piggy’s arms and legs twitched a bit, like a pig’s after it has been killed. - This time the silence was complete. Ralph’s lips formed a word but no sound came.

Answer 270

- found themselves eager to take a place in this demented but partly secure society. They were glad to touch the brown backs of the fence that hemmed in the terror and made it governable. ch9 - “P’raps we ought to go too.” Ralph looked at him quickly and Piggy blushed. “I mean—to make sure nothing happens.” ch9 - "He was batty. He asked for it.” He gesticulated widely again. “It was an accident.” ch10 - “You were outside. Outside the circle. You never really came in. Didn’t you see what we—what they did?” There was loathing, and at the same time a kind of feverish excitement, in his voice. - "We got to forget this. We can’t do no good thinking about it, see?” ch10

Answer 271

- eyes shining, mouths open, triumphant, they savoured the right of domination. They were lifted up: were friends. ch1 - his eyes so bright they had deceived Ralph into thinking him delightfully gay and wicked ch3

Answer 272

- Simon found for them the fruit they could not reach, pulled off the choicest [...] passed them back down to the endless, outstretched handsch3 - Simon [...] found [the specs] for him. Passions beat about Simon on the mountain-top with awful wings. “One side’s broken.” ch4 - I just know you’ll get back all right.” ch7

Answer 273

- “What I mean is. . . maybe it’s only us.” ch5 - Simon became inarticulate in his effort to express mankind’s essential illness. ch5 - “What’s the dirtiest thing there is?” ch5 - However Simon thought of the beast, there rose before his inward sight the picture of a human at once heroic and sick. ch6 - Simon mumbled confusedly: “I don’t believe in the beast.” ch6 - I think we ought to climb the mountain.” The circle shivered with dread. [...] Piggy who was looking at him with an expression of derisive incomprehension.[...] “What else is there to do

Answer 274

- Even if he shut his eyes the sow’s head still remained like an after-image. ch8 - The half-shut eyes were dim with the infinite cynicism of adult life. They assured Simon that everything was a bad business. ch8 - saw the white teeth and dim eyes, the blood—and his gaze was held by that ancient, inescapable recognition. ch8 - “Fancy thinking the Beast was something you could hunt and kill!” ch8 - “You knew, didn’t you? I’m part of you? Close, close, close! I’m the reason why it’s no go? Why things are what they are?” ch8 - We are going to have fun on this island. Understand? ch8 - “we shall do you? See? ch8 - spoke in the voice of a schoolmaster

Answer 275

- the crowd surged after it, poured down the rock, leapt on to the beast, screamed, struck, bit, tore. There were no words, and no movements but the tearing of teeth and claws. ch9 - Now out of the terror rose another desire, thick, urgent, blind. ch9 - “Kill the beast! Cut his throat! Spill his blood! Do him in!” ch9 - Simon was crying out something about a dead man on a hill. ch9 - A thing was crawling out of the forest. It came darkly, uncertainly. The shrill screaming that rose before the beast was like a pain. ch9 - phosphorescence [..] was covered with a coat of pearls. [...] smoothed everything with a layer of silver. ch9 - dressed Simon’s coarse hair with brightness. The line of his cheek silvered and the turn of his shoulder became sculptured marble ch9 - Softly, surrounded by a fringe of inquisitive bright creatures, itself a silver shape beneath the steadfast constellations, - Simon’s dead body moved out toward the open sea. ch9

Answer 276

ch1: Ralph lolled in the water. [...] "How does he know we're here?" Because, thought Ralph, because, because." ch2: “And he won’t be interrupted: Except by me.” ch4: Balanced on a high peak of need, agonized by indecision, cried out: “Oh God, oh God!” ch5: In a moment the platform was full of arguing, gesticulating shadows. To Ralph, seated, this seemed the breaking up of sanity ... He lost himself in a maze of thoughts that were rendered vague by his lack of words to express them ch5 ch7: he spoke despairingly, out of the new understanding that Piggy had given him. “Why do you hate me?” The boys stirred uneasily, as though something indecent had been said. ch10: “Shut up and listen.” Desperately, Ralph prayed that the beast would prefer littluns

Answer 277

ch1: he might have made a boxer[...] but there was a mildness about his mouth and eyes that proclaimed no devil [...] looked at the water with bright, excited eyes'' ch7: [ralph] pulled distastefully at his grey shirt and wondered whether he might undertake the adventure of washing it. ch11: They understood only too well the liberation into savagery that the concealing paint brought. “Well, we won’t be painted,” said Ralph, “because we aren’t savages.”

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