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Poetic Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Kenning

A

A figurative compound word that takes the place of a noun

eg whale-road = ocean

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2
Q

Apostrophe

A

A poem that addresses an object

Eg. Ode to a Grecian urn

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3
Q

Imperative construction

A

Also ritual poems. Command; second person address

Eg. How to, recipe, directions, etc

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4
Q

Communal voice

A

1st person plural (we)

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5
Q

Dialogue poem & choral poem

A

2 speakers, more than 2 speakers

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6
Q

Objective narrator poem

A

Often images, 3rd person narration

Eg. The red wheelbarrow

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7
Q

The questioning narrator

A

Seeks to understand

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8
Q

Confessional poem

A

‘personal, 1st person narration

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9
Q

Synaesthesia

A

Mixing of senses in an image

Eg. A loud shirt

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10
Q

Metonymy

A

Relates the thing or idea to one of it’s qualities that it is commonly related to

Eg. The crown = monarchy or government in Canada

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11
Q

Synecdoche

A

A metonymy that substitutes a part for the whole

Eg wheels = truck or car

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12
Q

Metaphor parts

A

Tenor = the object (tears)

Vehicle = the object that is the analogy (a river)

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13
Q

Dead metaphors

A

Metaphors that have lost their spark, overplayed

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14
Q

Extended metaphor

A

A series of images linked to one analogy

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15
Q

Governing metaphor

A

Links all the major images in a lyric poem, to one analogy that represents the theme

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16
Q

Circumlocution or periphrasis

A

A roundabout way of saying some thing, not a metaphor

To be avoided, except in the case of satire

Example: someone who takes care of the sick instead of saying nurse

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17
Q

Allusion

A

A reference, often veiled, to something outside of the poem

Example: no poem is an island (aka referencing no man is an island)

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18
Q

Allegory

A

An extended metaphor

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19
Q

Denotation and connotation

A

Denotation is the literal meaning (mule) and connotation is the associations (stubborn)

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20
Q

Nominalization

A

The conversion of a verb to a noun

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21
Q

Nouns on wheels

A

Nouns used as verbs

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22
Q

Hypotaxis

A

Progressing logically or linear

Every succeeding thought, flows or follows along under the other (think phrases linked by commas, one after the other)

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23
Q

Parataxis

A

When a poet makes a leap into a new idea (think of ideas separated by periods/stanzas/etc without connective words or punctuation)

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24
Q

Slang versus jargon

A

Slang is youth subculture, jargon is the terms/words of a particular trade or profession

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25
Neologisms
Created compound words Example: windpuff-bonnet, rollrock (GM Hopkins)
26
Hieratic vs demotic style
Hieratic is self-consciously formal/literary Demotic is modelled on the language of every day speech
27
Assonance
Repetition of similar or identical, vowel sounds
28
Consonance
Correspondence or reoccurrence of sounds, especially in words (end of stressed syllables) Subtler than alliteration, similar rather than identical to consonants Example: stroke and luck
29
Alliteration
The occurrence of the same letter sound at the beginning of adjacent words
30
Sibilance
Special form of consonance with S sounds
31
Dissonance
Emphasis on the difference between words, juxtaposing sounds that clash
32
Eye rhyme
Words that look like they should rhyme but don’t Example: move and love
33
Rime (rhyme) Riche
French term meaning words that are the same sound but look different Example: right and write Also words with shared final syllable Example: command and demand
34
Scansion
A map of the pattern of stresses in a poem Feet and stresses (stresses are underlined)
35
Iamb
Two syllables, stress is in second syllable Example: invent, depict
36
Trochee
Two syllables, stress is in first syllable Example: plaintiff and always
37
Anapaest
Three syllables, stress is in last syllable Example: understand and over come
38
Dactyl
Three syllables, stress is in first syllable Example: scorpion and horrible
39
Spondee
Two syllables, both stressed Example: football and aircraft
40
Amphibranch
Three syllables, stress is in the middle syllable Example: regardless and staccato These are good with humour and limericks (think Dr. Seuss)
41
Enjambment
Breaking the line in the middle of a clause
42
Caesura
Ending a sentence in the middle of a line
43
Accentual verse
Counting only the stressed syllables
44
Syllabic verse
Counting syllables in a line, without paying attention to stresses Dead ends the rhythm Similar to haiku
45
Stave prose or rhetorical rhythm
Rhythmic lines that echoed the king James Bible Long, slowing, rhythmic lines End stopped lines
46
Visual rhythm
Makes use of the white space on a page
47
Stepped lines
Subsequent lines indent Looks like steps
48
Split lines or visual Caesura
Adding extra space between words or phrases Pause her breath
49
Open field composition or projective verse
Modernist, use of white space on page as a field, words, and phrases, arranged with a reference to margins
50
Stichic (stick-ik)
One long passage of verse (a.k.a. single stanza poem)
51
Stanza origin
From the Italian meaning a room
52
Verse paragraph
Functions more like a paragraph as in it encompass a unit of meaning, usually only in long narrative poems or dramatic ones Begins with an indented line
53
Canto
A section of poem, consisting of one or more stanzas, usually separated by a Roman or Arabic numerals or dingbats Like a chapter A subsection of an epic or long poem
54
Anaphora
Use of initial repeated word or phrase
55
Free versus structuring techniques
Repetition Parallelisms and chiasmus Lists and litanies Internal rhyme, half rhyme and occasional rhyme Lineation, enjambment and caesura Inversion Circularity Parataxis
56
Chiasmus and antimetabole
Echoing of syntax, echo can also mean flip Words repeated, and sentence structure with a flip Example: ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country
57
Occasional rhyme
Slant rhyme
58
Lineation
Line breaks as a mechanism for generating, either harmony or conflict
59
Free verse types By Henry Tompkins Kirby – Smith
Phrase – reinforcing (lines, parallel to natural phrasal units) Phrase – breaking (brakes lives within phrases or clauses) Word – breaking (splits words with hyphens) Word – jamming (combines words into compounds) Prose poem
60
Lyric suites
Collection or collage of various lyric poems that form a whole
61
Heroic couplets
Often used in epic and narrative poems. A pair of rhyming lines in iambic pentameter.
62
Choral suite
A collection of persona poems by different speakers
63
Materia poetica
Material for poetry
64
Concrete poem
Visual picture made of words
65
Sound poem
Sound of words without full attention to meaning Uses defamiliarization acoustic emphasis
66
Aleatoric poem
Composed by chance, rather than design
67
Hypertext poem
Provides links to other words, documents, media, etc.
68
Motion poetry
Combines text with textual animation
69
Content words
Subjects and verbs Core elements of the English sentence
70
Colour words
Adjectives and adverbs Modifiers can be useful, but often indicate that nouns and verbs should be more specific
71
Structure words
Articles, conjunctions, prepositions, relative pronouns These words have a little content, and no impact on our senses, they are just the widgets that allow us to relate one idea to another

Poetic Terms (1 decks)

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