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Poetry Terms Flashcards

(81 cards)

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1
Q

Allegory

A

Narrative or description having a second meaning beneath the surface one

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2
Q

Alliteration

A

Repetition at close intervals of the initial consonant sounds of accented syllables or important words

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3
Q

Allusion

A

Reference, explicit or implicit to something in previous literature or history

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4
Q

Anaphora

A

Repetition of an opening word or phrase in a series of lines

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5
Q

Apostrophe

A

Figure of speech in which someone absent or dead or something nonhuman is addressed as it were alive and present

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6
Q

Assonance

A

Repetition at close intervals of the vowel sounds of accented syllables or important words

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7
Q

Aubade

A

Poem about dawn, a morning love song, or a poem about the parting of lovers at dawn

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8
Q

Ballad

A

Fairly short narrative poem written in a songlike stanza form

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9
Q

Blank verse

A

Unrimed iambic pentameter

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10
Q

Cacophony

A

Harsh, discordant, unpleasant-sounding choice and arrangement of sounds

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11
Q

Caesura

A

Natural pause, unmarked by punctuation, introduced by phrasing or syntax of a line

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12
Q

Connotation

A

Suggestion of a word beyond its basic definition

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13
Q

Consonance

A

Repetition at close intervals of the final consonant sounds of accented syllables or important words

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14
Q

Continuous form

A

Form of a poem in which the lines follow each other without formal grouping, the only breaks being dictated by units of meaning

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15
Q

Couplet

A

Two successive lines linked by rhyme, usually in the same meter

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16
Q

Denotation

A

Basic definition of a word

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17
Q

Didactic poetry

A

Having teaching or preaching as the primary purpose

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18
Q

Dramatic framework

A

Situation, whether actual or fictional, realistic or fanciful, in which an author places his or her characters in order to express the theme

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19
Q

Dramatic irony

A

Device by which the author implies a different meaning from that intended by the speaker in a literary work

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20
Q

English (Shakespearean) sonnet

A

Sonnet riming ababcdcdefefgg. Its content or structure ideally parallels the rime scheme, falling into three coordinate quatrains and a concluding couplet; but it is often structured, like the Italian sonnet, into octave and sestet, the principal break in though coming at the end of the eighth line

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21
Q

Euphony

A

Smooth, pleasant-sounding choice and arrangement of sounds

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22
Q

Extended figure

A

Figure of speech (usually a metaphor, simile, personification, or apostrophe) sustained or developed thought a considerable number of lines or through a whole poem

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23
Q

Figurative language

A

Language employing figures of speech; language that cannot be taken literally or only literally

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24
Q

Fixed form

A

Form of poem in which the length and pattern are prescribed by previous usage or tradition, such as sonnet, limerick, villanelle, haiku, and so on

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25
Form
External pattern or shape of a poem, describable without reference to its content, as continuous form, stanzaic form, fixed form (and other varieties), free verse, and syllabic verse
26
Free verse
Nonmetrical verse, arranged in lines, may be more or less rhythmical, but has no fixed metrical pattern or expectation
27
Gustatory imagery
Imagery describing gut feelings
28
Haiku
Three-line poem, conceived of fixed lines that are 5, 7, 5 syllables respectively, generally concerned with nature and a single image
29
Hyperbole
Overstatement, figure of speech in which exaggeration is used in the service of truth
30
Imagery
Representation of language through sense experience
31
Implied metaphor
That in which the literal term is implied and the figurative term named
32
Internal rhyme
Rhyme in which one or both of the rhyme-words occur within the line
33
Irony
Situation or use of language involving some kind of incongruity or discrepancy
34
Situational irony
Situation in which there is an incongruity between actual circumstances and those that would seem appropriate or between what is anticipated and what actually comes to pass
35
Italian (Petrachan) sonnet
Sonnet consisting of an octave riming abbaabba and of a sestet using any arrangement of two or three additional rhymes, such as cdcdcd or cdecde
36
Kinesthetic imagery
Movement, physical tension
37
Limerick
Fixed form consisting of five lines of anapestic meter, the first two trimeter, the next two dimeter, the last line trimeter, riming aabba; used exclusively for humorous or nonsense verse
38
Metaphor
Figure of speech in which an implicit comparison is made between two things essentially unlike. No like or as. Implied. figure of speech broadly any way of saying something other than the ordinary way, more narrowly a way of saying one thing or meaning another
39
Meter
Regularized rhythm; an arrangement of language in which the accents occur at apparently equal intervals in time
40
Metonymy
Figure of speech in which some significant aspect or detail of an experience is used to represent the whole experience (the use of something closely related for the thing actually meant)
41
Named metaphor
In which the literal term is named and figurative term implied
42
Octave
1.) An 8 line stanza 2.) The first 8 lines of a sonnet, especially one structure in the manner of an Italian sonnet
43
Olfactory imagery
Imagery describing smells
44
Onomatopoeia
Use of words that supposedly mimic their meaning in their sound
45
Organic imagery
Inside of you imagery, internal sensation, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sickness
46
Overstatement
Hyperbole, figure of speech in which exaggeration is used in the service of truth
47
Oxymoron
Compact paradox in which two successive words seemingly contradict each other
48
Paradox
Statement or situation containing apparently contradictory or incompatible elements
49
Paraphrase
Restatement of the content of a poem designed to make its prose meaning as clear as possible
50
Personification
Figure of speech in which human attributes are given to an animal, an object, or a concept
51
Poetry
Literary work in which special intensity is given to the expression of feelings and ideas by the use of distinctive style and rhythm
52
Prose
Nonmetrical language; the opposite of verse
53
Prose meaning
Part of poem's total meaning that can be separated out and expressed through paraphrase
54
Quatrain
1.) 4 line stanza. 2.) 4 line division of a sonnet marked off by its rhyme scheme
55
Refrain
Repeated word, phrase, line, or group of lines, normally at some fixed position in a poem written in stanzaic form
56
Rhetorical poetry
Uses artificially eloquent language, that is, language too high-flown for its occasion and unfaithful to the full complexity of human experience
57
Rhythm
Any wavelike recurrence of motion or sound
58
Rhyme
Repetition of the accented vowel sound and all succeeding sounds in important or importantly positioned words
59
Run-on line
Line which has no natural speech pause at its end, allowing the sense to flow uninterruptedly into the succeeding line
60
Sarcasm
Bitter or cutting speech; speech intended by its speaker to give pain to the person addressed
61
Satire
Kind of literature that ridicules human folly or vice with the purpose of brining about reform or of keeping others from falling into a similar folly or vice
62
Sentimentality
Aimed primarily at stimulating the emotions rather than at communicating experience honestly and freshly
63
Simile
Figure of speech in which an explicit comparison is made between two things essentially unlike. the comparison is made by using words such as like or as, than, similar too
64
Sonnet
Fixed form of fourteen lines, normally iambic pentameter, with a rime scheme conforming to or approximating one of two main types - the Italian or the English
65
Stanza
Group of lines whose metrical pattern (and usually its rime scheme as well) is repeated throughout a poem
66
Structure
Internal organization of a poem's content
67
Symbol
Figure of speech in which something (object, person, situation, or action) means more than what it is. a symbol may be read literally and metaphorically
68
Synechdoche
Figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole. In this book it is subsumed under metonymy
69
Synesthesia
Presentation of one sense experience in terms usually associated with another sensation
70
Tactile imagery
Describes feeling something (like with your hands)
71
Tercet
3 line stanza
72
Terza rima
Interlocking rhyme scheme with the pattern aba bcb cdc, etc
73
Theme
Central theme of a literary work
74
Tone
Writer's or speaker's attitude toward his subject, his audience, or himself
75
Total meaning
Total experience communicated by a poem, it includes all those dimensions of experience by which a poem communicates sensuous, emotional imaginative and intellectual and it can be communicated in no other words than those of the poem itself
76
Understatement
Figure of speech that consists of saying less than one means, or of saying what one means with less force than the occasion warrants
77
Verbal irony
Figure of speech in which what is meant is the opposite of what is said
78
Verse
Metrical language; the opposite of prose
79
Villanelle
Nineteen-line fixed form consisting of five tercets rhymed aba and a concluding quatrain rhymed abaa, with lines 1 and 3 of the first tercent serving as rerains in an alternating pattern through line 15 and then repeated as lines 18 and 19
80
Accent, stress
Syllable given more prominence in pronunciation
81
Foot
Basic unit used in the measurement of metrical verse

AP Lit (3 decks)

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