Policy Analysis PPT 1 Flashcards
(83 cards)
It is, in general, what the
government, acting on our behalf, chooses to
do or not to do (Birkland, 2016)
➢Public policy
➢Embodied through a law, regulation, [court]
ruling, decision, or order, or combination of
these (Ibid)
Public Policy
What are the ATTRIBUTES OF POLICY
(BIRKLAND, 2016:17)
- Policy is made in response to some sort of problem that requires
attention. - Policy is made on the “public’s” behalf.
- Policy is oriented toward a goal or desired state, such as the
solution of a problem. - Policy is ultimately made by governments.
- Policy is interpreted and implemented by public and private actors.
- Policy is what the government chooses to do or not to do.
public policy is authoritatively
determined, implemented, and enforced based on the
interaction among government institutions (3 branches)
Institutionalism
no policy should be adopted if its costs
exceed its benefits; among policy alternatives, decision
makers should choose the policy that produces the
greatest benefit over cost
Rationalism
existing programs and policies are
considered as bases for future action; involves minimal
modifications
Incrementalism
individuals with common interests band
together formally or informally to press their demands on
government; politics is really the struggle among groups
to influence public policy
Group Theory
public policy may also be viewed as the
preferences and values of a governing elite; public
officials and administrators merely carry out the policies
decided on by the elite
Elite Theory
actors seek to maximize their
personal benefits in politics as well as in the marketplace
(economic benefits/well-being)
Public Choice Theory
the study of decisions in
situations in which two or more rational
participants have choices to make and the
outcome depends on the choices made by
each
Game theory
the major
policy-makers of the State
➢Senators/House Representatives
interprets the law promulgated
by the legislature (constitutional or unconstitutional)
➢Justices/judges
wields the veto power (general or line-
item veto); can issue Executive Orders
➢President
tasked to promulgate
IRRs
➢Administrative bodies
a collection of people or
organizations that unite to advance their desired
political outcomes in government and society
➢Interest groups
a political party or an organized
group of persons duly registered with the COMELEC
pursuing or advocating platform, principles and
policies for the general conduct of government which
usually participates in elections
➢Political parties
Independent research
organizations, sometimes ideologically neutral
but often identified with a particular political
perspective (e.g. liberal/conservative)
➢Think tanks
news outlets/organizations, TV
channels (both government and non-
government)
➢Mass media
LAW-MAKING PROCESS IN THE
SENATE
- Filing/Calendaring for First Reading
- First Reading
- Committee Hearings/Report
- Calendaring for Second Reading
- Second Reading
- Voting on Second Reading
- Voting on Third Reading
- Referral Back to the Senate
- Submission to Malacañang
LAW-MAKING PROCESS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
- Preparation of the Bill
- First Reading
- COMMITTEE CONSIDERATION/ACTION
- Second Reading
5.Third Reading - TRANSMITTAL TO SENATE
It is constituted and is composed of
Members from each House of Congress to settle, reconcile or
thresh out differences
Conference Committee
two steps are required before a bill becomes a law.
First, it must be approved by both Houses of Congress.
Second, it must be presented to and approved by the President.
(TRUE OR FALSE)
the President has the power to return proposed laws to
the House where such proposal originated (“I forbid”).
TRUE
Accountability of Public Officers &
Investigations (Blue Ribbon)
SEN. FRANCIS TOLENTINO
