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Politics Flashcards

1
Q

What does ideology mean?

A

One’s beliefs, opinions, or convictions

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2
Q

What does conservative mean?

A

Belief that protection of freedom is most important
Smaller gov bigger military

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3
Q

What does liberal mean?

A

Belief that equality is universal and it’s the government’s job to protect it

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4
Q

What does public opinion mean?

A

Combination of many individuals’ expressed feelings about government and political issues

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5
Q

What is a policy?

A

A government action or regularion

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6
Q

Define politics

A

Concerned with influencing or guiding government policy

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7
Q

What is a political party?

A

An organization made up of people who share similar ideas about the way a country should be governed

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8
Q

What is a candidate?

A

Person seeking elected office as a government leader

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9
Q

What is a one-party system?

A

All elected officials are from the same party

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10
Q

What is a two-party system?

A

Most elected officials are from either party and elected by majority vote

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11
Q

What is a multi-party system?

A

Three or more parties compete for control of government
Typically elected through plurality not majority
Results in coalition between parties

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12
Q

Define campaign organizations

A

Groups that help get candidates elected
Typically volunteers or low-paid
Non-government staff workers

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13
Q

Margins of error that are higher than +/- 5% are…

A

Unscientific/straw

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14
Q

Margins of error that are less than +/- 5% are…

A

Statistically significant

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15
Q

Which amendment prohibits denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizens race, color or previous condition of servitude?

A

15th amendment

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16
Q

Which amendment granted women’s suffrage?

A

19th amendment

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17
Q

Which amendment changed the voting age from 21 to 18 during the Vietnam conflict?

A

26th amendment

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18
Q

Define campaign propaganda

A

Techniques used to promote a candidate by appealing to voters in varying ways

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19
Q

What is a challenger?

A

Individual running against incumbent in an election

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20
Q

What is a contested election?

A

A special election initiated when the legality or validity of the result of a previous election is challenged by the losing candidate

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21
Q

What are democrats?

A

Major political party that tends to be moderately liberal

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22
Q

What is the electoral college?

A

System of electing the POTUS called for by the Constitution
Winner-take-all system

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23
Q

What is a general election?

A

Election that takes place on the first tuesday after the first monday in november

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24
Q

What is the incumbent?

A

Individual seeking re-election

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25
Q

What is media bias?

A

News reporting that is skewed towards one political philosophy

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26
Q

What is a moderate?

A

Individual who doesn’t hold extreme views on any political issue

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27
Q

Define nomination

A

Act or system of suggesting a person to run for office

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28
Q

What are the forms of nomination?

A

Self-nomination
Petition
Primary
Caucus
Convention

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29
Q

What is an opinion poll?

A

Survey of the public to find out what they’re thinking about key issues or which candidate they’re going to vote for

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30
Q

What is a plank?

A

One issue that a political party stands for

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31
Q

What is a platform?

A

The main issues and ideas that a political party cares most about (collection of planks)

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32
Q

What is a political caucus?

A

Formal meeting of members/officials of a political party to deal with party business

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33
Q

What is a political compass?

A

4-square chart used to show balance between political control and economic control

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34
Q

What are political interest groups?

A

Organizations that work to influence political parties and politicians in favor of the issue or companies they represent

35
Q

What is a political primary?

A

An election where members of one political party are running against each other to be selected to represent that particular party

36
Q

Anyone can vote in an…

A

Open political primary

37
Q

Only people who are members of a political party can vote in a…

A

Closed political primary

38
Q

What is the political spectrum?

A

Scale used to generally illustrate or categorize the role of government

39
Q

What is a radical?

A

Someone far left; in favor of drastically increasing the role of government

40
Q

Whaat is a reactionary?

A

Someone far right; in favor of returning to a previous way of doing things (little government)

41
Q

What is a recall election?

A

Special election where voters can remove an elected official from office through a direct vote before his term has ended

42
Q

When are recall elections typically initiated?

A

When sufficient voters sign a petition

43
Q

What are republicans?

A

Members of the G.O.P
Favor traditional values and small government

44
Q

What is a run-off election?

A

A special election which allows a selection between choices receiving the largest and second largest number of votes cast in the original balloting where the results may have been too close to call or tie

45
Q

What is split ticket voting?

A

Voting for candidates from more than one political party

46
Q

Define statistically significant

A

The likelihood that a result or relationship is caused by something other than mere random chance

47
Q

What is straight ticket voting?

A

Voting only for candidates from one political party

48
Q

What are third/minor parties?

A

Smaller parties
Narrower focus
Rarely win elections
Bring new ideas

49
Q

What are the voter qualifications?

A

1) US citizen
2) 18 years old
3) Official resident of the state you are voting in and register

50
Q

Define glittering generalities

A

Simple, clever slogans that shed positive light and appeal to peoples’ emotions but provide no information

51
Q

Define card stacking

A

Use facts and figures to one side as positive and the other side as negative

52
Q

Define plain folks

A

Send the message that a product or person is just like you

53
Q

Define transfer technique

A

Uses feelings about one thing to get you to feel the same about something else

54
Q

Define testimonials

A

Celebrities or other respected people endorsing or officially supporting a product or idea

55
Q

Define bandwagon technique

A

Creates impression that there is widespread support for something and peer pressure someone to be on the winning team

56
Q

Define name-calling

A

Using negative words and bad names to create fear and dislike for people, ideas, or institutions
Verbal or visual

57
Q

What are types of ads that use name-calling technique?

A

Attack ads and mud-slinging add

58
Q

What is the purpose of political parties?

A

To elect people to office

59
Q

What groups tend to vote Democratic?

A

Non-white
Women
Catholic
Less-affluent
Young
Least and most educated

60
Q

What groups tend to vote Republican?

A

White
Men
Protestant
More affluent
Old
College-educated

61
Q

What age group is least likely to vote?

A

Young

62
Q

What age group is most likely to vote?

A

Old

63
Q

Third or minor parties are not…

A

Widely supported

64
Q

All of the people entitled to vote in a given election are the…

A

Electorate

65
Q

As a nominating device, a group like-minded people who meet to select the candidates they will support in an upcoming election is called a:

A

Caucus

66
Q

How many electoral votes are there?

A

538 (100 in the Senate, 435 in the House, 3 in DC)

67
Q

How many electoral votes are needed to win?

A

270 votes

68
Q

What are some political socialization agents?

A

Family/parents
Friends/peers
Social media
Ethnicity/race
Age
Gender
Religion
Income level

69
Q

What are some reasons why people don’t vote?

A

Waste of time
Busy
Complicated
Polling area not nearby

70
Q

The political extension of special-interest groups which have a major stake in public policy is called a:

A

PACS and SuperPACS

71
Q

Activities by which group pressures are brought to bear on legislators, the legislative process, and all aspects of the public policy making process is known as:

A

Lobbying

72
Q

Name 3 special interest groups

A

NRA - 2nd amendment
AMA - Doctors
ABA - Lawyers

73
Q

What do interest groups do?

A

Pressure congress to pass favorable legislation

74
Q

When did political parties begin?

A

Under Washington

75
Q

How did political parties begin?

A

Adams and Hamilton started them because they were in Washington’s cabinet

76
Q

What 2010 Supreme Court case changed the rules for the use of private money for political campaigns?

A

Citizens United

77
Q

What is super tuesday?

A

The day a lot of states have their primaries

78
Q

Who are delegates?

A

Local party state representatives/officials

79
Q

What do delegates do?

A

Go to convention and announce votes

80
Q

Who are super delegates?

A

Top members of a party

81
Q

What do super delegates do?

A

Represent the party to vote for who they think will win

82
Q

Why are super delegates not important most of the time?

A

By the time of the convention, most have dropped out and the winner is clear

83
Q

What are 2 reasons why the founding fathers make the electoral college system?

A

Didn’t think there would be a national winner
Didn’t trust democracy “mobocracy”

84
Q

What are caucuses?

A

Public votes
People gather in groups and debate who to vote for

Gov (8 decks)

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