politics, religion and the last one Flashcards
(66 cards)
1
Q
the activities associated with the governance of
a country o other are, especially the debate or
conflict among individuals or parties having or
hoping to achieve power
A
Politics
2
Q
Who gets what, when and
how (Lasswell)
=
A
Politics
3
Q
Legitimate use of power
A
AUTHORITY
4
Q
The ability to impose
one’s belief or interest
upon others, even in the
face of resistance
A
POWER
5
Q
actual or threatened use of coercion to impose one’s political dissidents
A
• Force -
6
Q
exercise of
power through a
A
• Influence
7
Q
Max Weber’s
A
Legitimate
Order Theory
8
Q
often dominates pre-modern societies it is based on the belief in the sanctity of tradition, of “the eternal yesterday”
A
Traditional Authority
9
Q
Authority anchored in impersonal rules that been legally established Parallels the growth of ZWECKRATIONAL
A
Rational-Legal Authority
10
Q
Appeal of leaders who claim
allegiance because of the
force of their extraordinary
personalities
A
Charismatic
11
Q
TYPES OF GOVERNMENT
A
- MONARCHY
- OLIGARCHY
DICTATORSHIP - TOTALITARIANISM
. DEMOCRACY
12
Q
- headed by a single member of a royal family usually,
a king, queen, or some other hereditary rule
A
- MONARCHY
13
Q
- a few individuals who rule
A
- OLIGARCHY
14
Q
one person has nearly total power to make and
enforce laws - rule primarily through the use of coercion, which often
A
DICTATORSHIP
15
Q
- virtually complete government control and
surveillance over all aspects of a society’s social and
political life
A
- TOTALITARIANISM
16
Q
- DEMOCRACY
- government by the people - originated from, Greek Demos = “the populace”, “the
common” and Kratia = “rule” - individuals are selected to speak for the people
A
- DEMOCRACY
17
Q
the Politics of the Philippines took place in an
o r g a n i z e d f r a m e w o r k o f a
A
p r e s i d e n t i a l ,
representative and democratic republic
18
Q
the president is both the
A
the head of state and head of
the government
19
Q
THREE BRANCHES:
A
- Legislative
- Executive
- Judicial
20
Q
-absence of war and proactive effort to
develop cooperative relations among
nations
A
PEACE
21
Q
-use or threat of violence against
random or symbolic targets in
pursuit of political aim
A
TERRORISM
22
Q
is the belief in and worship of a superhuman
controlling power, especially a personal God or gods
- particular system of faith and worship
- Pursuit or interest to which someone ascribes
supreme importance
A
Religion
23
Q
Durkheim’s view,
A
religion is a collective act that
includes many forms of behavior in which people
interact with others.
24
Q
He defined religion as a
A
“unified system of beliefs and
practices relative to sacred things”
25
```
it encompasses elements
beyond everyday life that
inspire awe, respect and
even fear
- People become part of the
sacred realm only by
completing some ritual,
such as prayer or
sacrifice.
```
SACRED -
26
Includes ordinary and
commonplace
- Treat (something sacred)
with irreverence or disrespect
PROFANE
27
```
Sect - relatively small religious
group that, has broken
away for some other
religious organizations
to renew what it
considers the original
vision of faith
```
Sect -
28
```
- generally a small,
secretive religious
group that represents
either a new religion or
a major innovation of
an existing faith. NRMs
are similar to sects in
that they tend to be
small and are often
viewed as less
respectable than more
established faiths.
```
New Reiligious
| Movement (NRM)
29
```
a religious organization
that claims to include
most or all members of
a society and is
recognized as the
national or official
religion. Generally,
ecclesiae are
conservative, in that
they do not challenge
the leaders of a secular
government.
```
Ecclesia (pl. Ecclesiae) -
30
```
is a large, organized
religion that is not
officially linked to the
state or government. It
is considered
respectable and is not
viewed as a challenge
to the secular
government, it lacks the
official recognition and
power held by an
ecclesia (Doress and
Porter 1977)
```
Denomination -
31
```
Eliot Friedson
- officially approved
monopoly of the right to
define health and illness
and to treat illness
```
Eliot Friedson
32
```
- Capitalists societies care
more about maximizing
profits than they do about
the health and safety of
industrial workers.
```
Karl marx
33
```
• Social Control involves
techniques and strategies
for regulating behavior in
order to enforce the
distinctive norms and
values of a culture
• Not simply a “healing
profession”, it is a
regulating mechanism
```
Medicalization of Society
34
Medicine serves as an
AGENT OF SOCIAL
CONTROL
```
1. Inequalities in health
care
2. Poor people are
underserved
3. Worsened by brain drain
```
35
Patients are not Passive;
often, they actively seek
the services of health care
practitioner.
Interactionist Perspective
36
```
costume that
helps them to appear
confident and professional at
the same time that it
identifies them as doctors to
patients and other staff
members.
```
White Coat =
37
- helps us to to understand
why certain people are
viewed as deviants
Labeling Theory
38
- the sociological study of life and human
interaction in Metropolitan Areas.
- Normative discipline in Sociology seeking to
study the structures, processes, changes, and
problems of an urban area.
Urban Sociology
39
- Cities, PROPER AND PLANNED
- Urban areas are proper, planned settlements built up
according to a process of urbanization defined by
their advanced…
• AMENITIES,
• OPPORTUNITIES FOR EDUCATION,
• FACILITIES FOR TRANSPORT,
• BUSINESS AND SOCIAL INTERACTION and
• OVERALL BETTER STANDARD OF LIVING
Urban Community
40
- traditionally associated with the study of social
structure and conflict in rural areas although tropical
areas such as food, and agriculture or natural
resource access transcend traditional rural spatial
boundaries
Rural Sociology
41
Rural Community
- Life in the countryside is more sustainable, with
families often centered around agriculture and
livestock.
- many of the services are often shared between
multiple communities
Rural Community
42
- middle of rural and urban, mostly residential areas
- formed on the fringes of cities
- provide families with comfort of a city life and peace
of the countryside
- enjoy the benefits and services of the same
community organizations found in the city
Suburban Community
43
Metropolitan Communities
- densely populated areas, city pero masikip
- referred to as metro area, or metro, a region
consisting of a densely populated urban core and its
less-populated surrounding territories, sharing
industry, infrastructure, and housing
Metropolitan Communities
44
```
SITIO • a territorial enclave that forms
part of a barangay.
• Typically rural, a sitio's location
is usually far from the center of
the barangay itself and would
be its own barangay
```
SITIO
45
```
are areas of land
that have been subdivided into
individual residential plots.
• Most are governed
by associations made up of
members who are residents of
t he . In t he
Philippines, are also
known as villages.
```
SUBDIVISION
46
```
• I n u r b a n a r e a s o f
the Philippines, the term
"village" most commonly refers
to pr iv ate s u b d iv i s i ons ,
especially gated communities.
```
"village
47
```
f o r m e r l y
c a l l e d b a r r i o , i s t h e
smallest a d m i n i s t r at i v e
division in the Philippines and
is the native Filipino term for
a village, district or ward.
• Municipalities and cities are composed of barangays, and
they may be further subdivided
into smaller areas called purok
and sitio, w h i c h i s a
territorial enclave inside a
b a r a n g a y , e s p e c i a l l y
in rural areas.
```
BARANGAY •
48
```
is a local
government unit (LGU) in
the Philippines.
are also usually called towns.
• They are distinct from cities,
which are a different category
of local government unit.
• Provinces of the Philippines are divided into cities and
municipalities which in turn,
are divided into barangays,
formerly barrios.
```
MUNICIPALITY •
49
```
A l l P h i l i p p i n e c i t i e s
are chartered cities, whose
existence as corporate and
administrative entities is
g o v e r n e d b y t h e i r o w n
specific municipal charters in
a d d i t i o n t o t h e L o c a l
Government Code of 1991,
w h i c h s p e c i f i e s t h e i r
administrative structure and
powers.
```
CITY •
50
```
• The usage of the term
'district' (distrito) in the
Philippines has similarities to
that in the United States. (82
P R O V I N C E S I N T H E
PHILIPPINES, 82nd DavaoOccidental
```
DISTRICT •
51
• is a territorial unit, almost
always an administrative
d i v i s i o n , w i t h i n
a country or state.
PROVINCE •
52
```
are areas broadly divided
by physical characteristics,
human-impact characteristics,
and the interaction of humanity
and the environment. (18
R E G I O N S I N T H E
PHILIPPINES)
```
•REGION •
53
```
is a
designation for some types
of autonomous administrative
divisions. An division is an administrative division of
a country that has a degree of
autonomy, or freedom from an
external authority
```
Autonomous region
54
URBAN MIGRATION IN THE PHILIPPINES
| Rural to Urban
1. Access to Services
2. Job Opportunities
3. Entertainment Facilities
4. Better Transport links
5. Good living conditions
55
RURAL MIGRATION IN THE PHILIPPINES
| Urban to Rural
1. SOLIDARITY
2. LESS POLLUTION
3. SIMPLER LIFE
4. LOWER COST OF LIVING
56
```
a person or community lacks the
financial resources and essentials
to enjoy a minimum standard of
life and well-being that's
considered acceptable in society.
```
POVERTY
57
```
is a condition on road networks
that occurs as use increases, and is
characterized by slower speeds,
longer trip times, and increased
vehicular queueing.
```
TRAFFIC CONGESTION
58
isolation of
different communities within an
urban area such as the rich and
the poor
URBAN ISOLATION
59
```
A comprehensive scheme to
redress a complex of urban
problems, including unsanitary,
deficient, or obsolete housing;
inadequate transportation,
sanitation, and other services and
facilities; haphazard land use;
traffic congestion; and the
sociological correlates of urban
decay, such as crime.
```
URBAN RENEWAL
60
```
The term refers to its streets,
alleys, subway system, inner-city
neighborhoods, playgrounds and
schools. Usually a metropolis
characterized by densely packed
residential buildings, businesses
and a decaying industrial sector
```
URBAN JUNGLE
61
- 250k and above
| - 250k and below
Cities
| Municipality -
62
Php 250 pesos per day, per Family of 4
Brain Drain
- Many rural communities have lost younger residents
to urban migration
- Younger, educated rural residents find employment,
social
- opportunities in urban centers.
- Loss of younger residents is associated with rural
community decline.
Poverty Line
63
- a shift in population from rural living in cities and
towns
- occurred alongside industrialization
Urbanization
64
- 1900: became a global, not just national process
Global Urbanization
65
- successfully adapts to change by utilizing and
developing resources that mitigate effects at change
- collective capability to form partnerships, build social
capital and social cohesion
- able to attain younger, skilled and educated residents
Resilient Community
66
- Many rural communities have lost younger residents
to urban migration
- Younger, educated rural residents find employment,
social
- opportunities in urban centers.
- Loss of younger residents is associated with rural
community decline.
Brain Drain
- Many rural communities have lost younger residents
to urban migration
- Younger, educated rural residents find employment,
social
- opportunities in urban centers.
- Loss of younger residents is associated with rural
community decline.
