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Perdomo's SWE of Knowledge > Pollution Responder (PR) > Flashcards

Pollution Responder (PR) Flashcards

1
Q

ID / explain:
Hazardous Waste

A

Any waste or combination of wastes with properties that are harmful to human health.
40CFR261.3

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2
Q

ID / explain:
Hazardous Substance

A

Any substance designated pursant to 40CFR(part)302

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3
Q

ID / explain:
Hazardous Material

A

A substance or material, inc a haz substance, which has been determined to be capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported in commerce.
49CFR171.8

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4
Q

ID / explain:
Oil

A

Any kind or in any form, including but not limited to, petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse, and oil mixed with wastes other than dredged spoil.
CWA 311(a)(1)

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5
Q

ID / explain:
Release

A

Any spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, discharging, injecting, escaping, leaching, pumping, or disposing into the environment.
CERCLA 101(202)

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6
Q

ID / explain:
Discharge

A

Any spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, or dumping of oil.
CWA 311(a)(2)

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7
Q

Define:
Harmful Quantity

A

Discharges of oil in such quantities that… may be harmful to the public health or welfare or the environment of the US including discharges of oil that:
a) violate applicable water quality standards; OR
b) cause a film or sheen upon or discoloration of the surface of the water or adjoining shorelines or causes a sludge or emulsion to be deposited beneath the surface of the water or upon adjoining shorelines.

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8
Q

Define:
Reportable Quantity

A

Each substance in table 117.3 that is listed in table 302.4 for that substance – require notification.

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9
Q

Define:
Responsible Party

A

As defined by section 1001 of OPA

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10
Q

Responsible Party – Vessels

A

Any person owning, operating, or demise chartering the vessel.
40CFR300.5

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11
Q

Responsible Party – Onshore Facilities

A

(other than a pipeline) Any person owning or operating the facility, except a federal agency, state, municipality, commission, or political subdiv of a state, or any interstate body, that as the owner transfers possession and right to use the property to another person by lease, assignment, or permit.
40CFR300.5

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12
Q

Responsible Party – Offshore Facilities

A

(other than a pipeline or deepwater port) The lessee or permittee of the area in which the facility is located or the holder of a right of use and easement granted.
40CFR300.5

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13
Q

Responsible Party – Deepwater Ports

A

The licensee
40CFR300.5

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14
Q

Responsible Party – Pipelines

A

Any person owning or operating the pipeline.
40CFR300.5

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15
Q

Responsible Party – Abandonment

A

The person who would have been responsible parties immediately prior to the abandonment of the vessel or facility.
40CFR300.5

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16
Q

Define as applied to FWPCA:
Coastal Zone

A

All US waters subject to the tide, US waters of the Great Lakes, specified ports and harbors on inland rivers, waters of the Contig Zones, other waters of the High Seas, and the land surface or land substrata, ground waters, and ambient air proximal to those waters.

Federal responsibility for response action.
40CFR300.5

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17
Q

Define as applied to FWPCA:
Inland Zone

A

The environment inland of the Coastal Zone excluding the Great Lakes and specified ports and harbors on inland rivers.

Delineates an area of federal responsibility for action.
40CFR300.5

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18
Q

Define as applied to FWPCA:
Coastal Waters

A

Purpose of classifying the sizes of discharges, means the waters of the Coastal Zone excluding Great Lakes
40CFR300.5

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19
Q

Define as applied to FWPCA:
Inland Waters

A

Purpose of classifying discharging, means those waters of the US in the Inland Zone, waters of the Great Lakes, and specified ports and harbors on the Inland Waters.
40CFR300.5

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20
Q

Define as applied to FWPCA:
Navigable Waterway

A

The waters of the US including the TTS…
(i) that are or could be used by interstate or foreign travelers for recreational or other purposes.
(ii) from which fish or shellfish are or could be taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce.
(iii) that are used or could be used for industrial purposed by industries in interstate commerce.
40CFR300.5

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21
Q

Define as applied to FWPCA:
EEZ

A

As defined by OPA 1001, means the zone est. by… includes the ocean waters of the areas referred to as “eastern special areas” in Article 3(1)
40CFR300.5

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22
Q

Define as applied to FWPCA:
TTS

A

Baseline to 12NM
33CFR2.22

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23
Q

Define as applied to FWPCA:
Contiguous Zone

A

Zone of the high seas which is contiguous to the TTS and which extends 9NM seaward from outer limit of TTS

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24
Q

Explain Official Docs:
Certificate of Inspection (COI)

A

USCG issued required by any vessel subject to inspection; verifies that the vessel was inspected in regard 46CFR71.25 and is fit for the service for which it is intended, and that it complies with the applicable regulations.
46CFR115.110

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25
Q

Explain Official Docs:
Certificate of Documentation (COD)

A

Issued by Vessel Doc Centers; serves as evidence of ownership and entitles the vessel to engage in certain commercial activities. Optional for vessels that will engage in commercial activities within US waters. CODs for C/Vs must be endorsed for the respective type of usage.
46CFR67

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26
Q

Explain Official Docs:
Declaration of Inspection (DOI)

A

Must be filled out by person in charge of both parties before transfer. It is an inspection that verifies all equipment on both sides meets regulations; must be kept by both parties for ONE month.
33CFR156.150

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27
Q

Explain Official Docs:
International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate (IOPP)

A

Applies to oil tanker of 150 tons or more, and other vessels 400 gross tons or more that is flagged under a part signatory to MARPOL 73/78
33CFR151.19

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28
Q

Explain Official Docs:
Shipboard Oil Pollution Prevention Emergency Plan (SOPEP)

A

Applies to all manned ships that must comply with MARPOL 73/78. Seven sections:
1) Intro
2) Preamble
3) Reporting requirements
4) Steps to control a discharge
5) National and local coordination
6) Appendices
7) Index of sections
Must have in english and working language. (on-deck oil spill cleanup plan).
33CFR151.26

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29
Q

Explain Official Docs:
Oil Record Book (ORB)

A

Oil tankers 150 tons and above, other ships 400 gross tons or more, and manned/fixed drilling rigs must have an ORB I. Oil tankers 150 gross tons or above or a non-oil tanker that carries 200 cubic feet or more of oil in bulk shall have an ORB I and ORB II.
33CFR151.25

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30
Q

Explain Official Docs:
Certificate of Financial Responsibility (COFR)

A

It is to ensure financial responsibility of the owner and/or operator of a vessel to cover costs incurred in the event of a pollution incident. Tank vessel any size, foreign flagged vessels, and vessel 300 gross tons or more that is not a public vessel.
33CFR138

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31
Q

Explain Official Docs:
Official Log Book

A

Keeps record of voyage, crew, drills, operations, maintenance, name of ship, official number, etc. Each vessel subject to inspection must have.

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32
Q

Explain Official Docs:
Cargo Record Book

A

Applies to US and foreign vessels carrying NLS’s. Must have cargo records book to receive a COI or COC.
46USC114

33
Q

Explain Official Docs:
Shipboard Marine Pollution Emergency Plan (SMPEP)

A

Provides guidance to the masters/officers on board the ship with respect to the steps to be taken when an oil or marine pollution incident has occurred or is likely to occur. The appendices contain communication data of all contacts references in the Plan, as well as other ref. materials. Required for all ships 150 gross tons or mare carrying NLS’s.
MARPOL 73/78 Annex II Regulation 16

34
Q

Explain Official Docs:
Oil Transfer Procedure

A

Each vessel with a capacity of 250 or more barrels of oil, hazmat, or liquefied gas must have transfer procedures when transferring to or from the vessel, or within the vessel’s tanks.
33CFR155.720

35
Q

Explain the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)

A

The FOIA gives any person the right to seek access to records possessed by the Executive Branch. Requests must be in writing in mail and reasonably describing the requested info, citing FOIA, indicating agreement to pay fees to FOIA officer at CGHQ.

36
Q

What can’t be released through FOIA?

A

Information such as contract proposals, procurement integrity information, security plans, and procedures for passenger vessels or passenger terminals, etc.

37
Q

Explain the Privacy Act in regards to pollution – what info is protected?

A

For purposes of pollution response, the Privacy Act will protect a citizen by limiting the release of information provided by that citizen in an investigation. They will not give away any personal identifiable information.

38
Q

Who is subject to the Privacy Act?

A

US citizens or resident alien.

39
Q

Define oil spill categories for inland and coastal spills:
Inland – Minor

A

Less than 1,000 gal

40
Q

Define oil spill categories for inland and coastal spills:
Inland – Medium

A

1,000 - 10,000 gal

41
Q

Define oil spill categories for inland and coastal spills:
Inland – Major

A

Greater than 10,000 gal

42
Q

Define oil spill categories for inland and coastal spills:
Coastal – Minor

A

Less than 10,000 gal

43
Q

Define oil spill categories for inland and coastal spills:
Coastal – Medium

A

10,000 - 100,000 gal

44
Q

Define oil spill categories for inland and coastal spills:
Coastal – Major

A

Greater than 100,000

45
Q

Define Marine Casualty or Accident
(3)

A

1) Any casualty or accident involving any vessel other than a public vessel upon a navigable waterway, involving any US vessel, foreign tank vessel on damage affecting the seaworthiness of the vessel.
2) Any fall overboard, injury, or loss of life.
3) Any grounding, stranding, floundering, allision, collision, explosion, etc.
46CFR4.03-1

46
Q

Define Reportable Marine Casualty
(7)

A

1) Unintentional grounding, unintentional allision with a bridge, or intended grounding that creates a hazard to navigation or environment.
2) Loss of main propulsion, primary steering or associated component or control system that reduces maneuverability.
3) Occurrence affecting seaworthiness or fitness for service or route
4) Loss of life
5) Injury requiring professional medical treatment and that renders the individual unfit to perform duties.
6) Property damage in excess of $75K including cost of labor and material to restore the property, not including cost of salvage, cleaning, dry docking, or demurrage.
7) An occurrence involving significant harm to the environment.
46CFR4.05-1

47
Q

Define Significant Harm to the Environment
(2)

A

1) Discharge or probable discharge of oil or hazardous substance in a harmful or reportable quantity.
2) Exceptions apply to vessel more than 12NM offshore per 33CFR151.10 and 151.13
46CFR4.03-65

48
Q

Describe the following forms:
Notice of Federal Interest (NOFI)

A
  • States there was a spill, the CG is interested and investigating and the recipient of the NOFI is a suspected responsible party, and the NOFI informs them of a potential violation of the FWPCA and of their possible liability to a civil penalty of more than $55K per day of violation AND up to three times the cost of clean up.
  • Should be signed and dated by recipient; if recipient refuses, the investigator should note circumstances and have a witness sign and date.
  • May be sent via certified mail, return receipt requested.
49
Q

Describe the following forms:
National Response Center Incident Report (NRC IR)

A

Document we received from NRC as a formal report. Contains contact info and info about the event that reported such sheen info, discharge location, RP, and wx. Us this report to contact the RP and the RP to carry out phone investigation.

50
Q

Describe the following forms:
Report of Marine Casualty (CG-2692)

A
  • Should be submitted by RP for any marine casualty that occurs. It is a report of what happened and is strong evidence for case file.
  • Must include the name and official number of the vessel involved, the name of the vessel’s owner or agent, the nature and circumstances of the casualty, the locality in which it occurred the nature and extent of injury to persons, and the damage to property.
51
Q

Describe the following forms:
Barge Addendum (CG-2692A)

A

Attachment of 2692 - if the event on involves a barges sustaining or causing damage. This form should never be alone.

52
Q

Describe the following forms:
Report of Mandatory Chemical Testing Following a Serious Marine Incident Involving Vessels in Commercial Service (CG-2692B)

A

Attachment to the 2692 – if drug or alcohol testing needs to be done in the event of a marine casualty. Goes to the investigations shop. Remember you have 2 hours for an alcohol test and 32 hours for a drug test.

53
Q

Describe the safe work practices and other measures needed to provide an acceptable level of safety during pollution investigation and response activities:

A

Account for environmental hazards; slips, trips, and falls; weather; ensure all personnel are wearing proper PPE such as hard hats, PFDs, and safety glasses. Hold safety briefing and evaluate site safety plan from company and integrate it into CG site safety plan.

54
Q

Discuss the various levels of investigations:
Data Entry Exception

A

Not in our jurisdiction/authority, mystery sheen, permissible discharge, etc.
MSM Vol V Ch B8

55
Q

Discuss the various levels of investigations:
Data Collection

A

Documenting facts for the public record, minimal follow up to ensure accuracy, phone investigation, and collecting history from MISLE.
MSM Vol V Ch B8

56
Q

Discuss the various levels of investigations:
Informal

A

Intended to expand upon info gathered during the prelim investigation, discover and document the facts of the incident, conduct analysis, draw conclusions about the causes of the incident, draw conclusion on whether or not there is evidence of offenses on the part of any person or org, and recommend measure to prevent similar incidents from occurring. Generally speaking, only incident investigations that include a marine casualty ever reach the level of informal investigation.
MSM Vol V Ch B8

57
Q

Discuss the various levels of investigations:
Formal

A

Reserved for the more serious incidents from which the most value can be gained; convened by the Commandant and other formal investigations convened by the District Commander or COTP. Only incident investigations that include a marine casualty ever reach the level of formal investigation.
MSM Vol V Ch B8

58
Q

Possible sources of pollution reports and means of reporting:
(4)

A

1) National Response Center (NRC)
2) Sector Command Center (SCC)
3) Telephone – from civilian
4) Report of Marine Casualty (CG-2692) – faxed or emailed by involved party.

59
Q

Information contained in NRC report:

A

Reporting party information, suspected responsible party info, wx, location, impact, remedial actions, sheen info, what was discharged, and other agencies that have been notified.

60
Q

Steps to process a MISLE notification:
(8)

A

1) Open MISLE
2) Select ‘Notifications’
3) Select ‘National Response Center’
4) Enter # in NRC Case ID and search
5) Create MISLE notification or copy #
6) Search in MISLE notification
7) Create an Incident Management Activity (IMA) or Preliminary Investigation Activity (PIA)
8) Input the info you have gathered

61
Q

ID external notifications:

A

Notifications outside the CG – ex: EPA, sheriff department, civilian, etc.

62
Q

ID internal notifications:

A

Notifications within the CG – ex: CDO, MSU/MSD, Sector, etc.

63
Q

Explain the purpose of the Preliminary Investigation:

A

Collect factual elements regarding the incident and suspected responsible party to determine further investigative or case action. To see if the report was genuine, who has jurisdiction, and how severe the incident was or will be.

64
Q

Steps of conducting a preliminary investigation:
Determined required level of investigation

A

Data collection, informal, formal.

65
Q

Steps of conducting a preliminary investigation:
Determine authority/jurisdiction

A

Location, nature of violation, EPA or USCG

66
Q

Steps of conducting a preliminary investigation:
Determine appropriate actions based on classification (minor, med, major)

A

Is it minor, med, or major? Respond, fly over, set up ICS, notify SCC/CDO, etc. Is there a need of boom or absorbent pads?

67
Q

Steps of conducting a preliminary investigation:
Review Responsible Party history

A

Search in MISLE

68
Q

Steps of conducting a preliminary investigation:
ID the FIVE pollution elements of a violation

A

“It was a DISCHARGE of OIL into a NAVIGABLE WATERWAY with a KNOWN SOURCE and RESPONSIBLE PARTY.”

69
Q

Steps of conducting a preliminary investigation:
Notify IO/MI shop

A

If it was a marine casualty or involves a commercial vessel.

70
Q

Response strategy for all classifications of pollution incidents:

A

Determine the trajectory then ID any relevant environmentally sensitive areas. Determine the most efficient booming and containment strategies. Obtain a cleanup agency and direct efforts. If it is major discharge consult using an ICS 201 form to brief command and come up with response plan.

71
Q

Physical Containment Methods:
Diking / Berming

A

A dike or berm is constrcted along the upper intertidal zone to prevent incoming tides from depositing oil onto back-shore areas.

71
Q

Physical Containment Methods:
Trenching

A

Used to collect oil (sometimes lined) for easier collection via vacuum or skimmer.

72
Q

Physical Containment Methods:
Overflow and Underflow Dams

A

Constructed to either block flow completely or to block flow with a provision for underflow.

73
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages of different Boom types:
Internal Foam Floatation (IFF) Boom

A

Advantages:
- Can be configured with rope, lead weighted rope, cable, chain, cable&chain, rectangle or circle.

Disadvantages:
- Rope is more likely to fail without additional strength members (bottom rope is a strength member).
- Lead weighted has holes in fabric where weights are attached which may be failure points.
- Rectangular is poor wave following.

74
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages of different Boom types:
Self-Inflating Boom

A

Advantages:
- Excellent for handling and storage, and it is quickest to deploy.
- Conforms well to waves
- Well-suited for air transport.

Disadvantages:
- Fabric tearing during deployment or by contact with debris can result in loss of buoyancy.
- Long term problems, such as corrosion and collapse, have occurred with various internal expansion mechanisms.

75
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages of different Boom types:
Pressure-Inflatable Boom

A

Advantages:
- Allows for compact storage and high buoyancy to weight ratio.
- Durable fabrics used.

Disadvantages:
- May take up to several hours to inflate sections of some open water models. Other protected water models inflate much more quickly.

76
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages of different Boom types:
Fence Boom

A
  • Rigid or Semi-rigid provides a vertically stiff and horizontally flexible “fence”
  • Provides effective, long-term, low maintenance protection and/or containment.

Disadvantages:
- External floats on some models may create additional water surface disturbance resulting in increased oil entrainment or splashover.
- Poor wave following device

77
Q
A

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