polymer enhancements Flashcards
1
Q
Lubricants
A
- additional wax = reduces the viscosity of =molten polymer
- moulding temp can be lowered = saving energy during process
- more intricant shapes
2
Q
thermal antioxidants
A
- help prevent polymers oxidising
- prevents discolorations, due to heat during process
- process easier
- less expensive
3
Q
Pigments
A
- tiny particles (granuals or powder)
- adds color
- enhance aesthetics
4
Q
improve product function
antistatic
A
- insulating products = electrical wire coverings, plugs and sockets
- can lead to a build up of static, on electrical charge due to dust and dirt
- improves surface conductivity= attracting moisture = reduces static charge
5
Q
improve product function
flame retardants
A
- bromine, chlorine, phosphorus or metal = reduces likelihood of combustion and spread of fire
- e.g. car engine components or potential electrical fires such as plug sockets
6
Q
improve product function
Plasticisers
A
- PVC = less hard or brittle in normal temp
- added to LDPE = Food wraps = stretch over the food
- helps polymers to easily form at higher temps
7
Q
prevent degregation
antioxidants
A
- reduce environmental deterioration = exposed to oxygen in air
- can lead to increased brittleness, surface cracks and pigment discoloration
8
Q
UV light stabilisers
A
- prevent polymer chains being broken down by sunlight
- causes polymer to lose color = more brittle
- e.g. polymer garden furniture, outdoor children toys
- white = yellow
- dark colors (green/blue) = milky effect
- PVC hosepipes = brittle + cracks
9
Q
Biodegradable Plasticisers
A
- make the polymer more flexible
- softer
- easier to break down = faster degration time
10
Q
Bio-batch additives
A
- oxy-degradable = degradable in presence of O2
- photodegradable = degrade when exposed to UV light
- Hydro-degradable = degrade in presence of water
- helps polymers reduce degradation time
- Oxy-degradable = high volume single use items = food packaging and carrier bags
