Polysaccharides

Question 1

How are polysaccharides formed?

Answer 1

Created by condensation reactions between many glucose monomers

Question 2

Where is starch found?

Answer 2

Plants

Question 3

What is starch a store of?

Answer 3

Glucose

Question 4

Where is cellulose found?

Answer 4

Plants

Question 5

What is the function of cellulose?

Answer 5

For structural strength

Question 6

Where is glycogen found?

Answer 6

Animals

Question 7

What is glycogen a store of?

Answer 7

Glucose

Question 8

What is starch formed from? (Names included)

Answer 8

Two polymers of alpha glucose: amylose and amylopeptin

Question 9

Where is starch found in plant cells?

Answer 9

In starch grains

Question 10

What is the function of starch?

Answer 10

It is an insoluble source of glucose

Question 11

What process is amylose created from?

Answer 11

Condensation reaction (removal of water)

Question 12

What bond does amylose form?

Answer 12

1-4 glycosidic

Question 13

The unbranched chain of amylose coils to make what shape?

Answer 13

Helix

Question 14

What process is amylopectin formed by?

Answer 14

Condensation reactions

Question 15

What bonds does amylopectin have on the straight chain?

Answer 15

1-4 glycosidic

Question 16

What bond does amylopectin have when it branches off into a branched chain?

Answer 16

1-6 glycosidic

Question 17

What is glycogen formed from?

Answer 17

Alpha glucose

Question 18

Where is glycogen found on animals?

Answer 18

Muscle and liver cells

Question 19

What is the function of glycogen?

Answer 19

An insoluble store of glucose

Question 20

What bond does glycogen have on the straight chain?

Answer 20

1-4 glycosidic bonds

Question 21

What bond does glycogen have which creates a branch?

Answer 21

1-6 glycosidic

Question 22

As glycogen has many glycosidic bonds branching off each other what is it known as?

Answer 22

A highly branched polymer

Question 23

Does glycogen have more or less glycosidic bonds compared to amylopectin?

Answer 23

More

Question 24

Can glycogen be compacted easily?

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

What is cellulose formed from?

Answer 25

Beta glucose

Question 26

Where is cellulose found?

Answer 26

In the cell wall of plant cells

Question 27

What is the function of cellulose?

Answer 27

Provides structural strength to cell wall

Question 28

How is cellulose formed?

Answer 28

Many condensation reactions

Question 29

What bonds are beta glucose joined by in condensation reactions to form cellulose?

Answer 29

1-4 glycosidic

Question 30

Does cellulose contain 1-6 glycosidic bonds?

Answer 30

No

Question 31

What structure does cellulose have with the 1-4 glycosidic bonds?

Answer 31

Long, straight polymer chains of beta glucose

Question 32

What do the long, straight chains of beta glucose do?

Answer 32

Line up parallel to each other

Question 33

How are the parallel lines of beta glucose held together?

Answer 33

Many hydrogen bonds

Question 34

What is the term for long, straight, parallel chains being held together by hydrogen bonds?

Answer 34

A fibril

Question 35

Are hydrogen bonds weak or strong?

Answer 35

Weak

Question 36

Why are the hydrogen bonds able to hold the parallel chains of beta glucose in place?

Answer 36

The large collective number provides strength