popquiz 1 Flashcards
(37 cards)
Amenorrhea
Absence of menstrual period
PRIMARY amenorrhea
No menses by age 16 and no secondary sex charcacteristics or no menses by age 13 with secondary sex characteristics
SECONDARY amenorrhea
No menses in 3 months in a woman who has had normal menstral cycles
Things that can cause Amenorrhea
Lack of ovarian prduction
Pregnancy
PCOS
Nutritional disturbances
Endocrine disturbances
Uncontrolled diabetes
Heavy athletic activity
Emotional distress
How to tx Amenorrhea?
Identify and treat underlying condition
Dysmenorrhea
Painful menstrul periods
Primary Dysmenorrhea
Painful menstration usually begins 12-24 hours before onset of flow, lasts 12-24 hours. MAy experience chils, nausea, vomiting, headaches, irritability and diarrhea
Secondary Dysmenorrhea
Painful menstration associated with known anatomic factors of pelvic pathology. Pain can be present at any point of the menstral cycle
A combination of emotional and physical symptoms that begin during the luteal phase and diminish after menstration cycle
Premenstral Syndrome (PMS)
Irregular periods
Hot flashes
Night sweats
Sleep disturbances
Sexual dyfunction
Mood swings
Irritability
Anxiety
Lethargy
Lack of energy
Panic attacks
Forgetfulness
Difficulty coping
Depression
are all symptoms of what?
Menopause
A fungal infection most often caused by candida albicans. Symptoms are Vulvar and vaginal puritis, painful urination, excoriation, thick creamy, white cottage cheese like discharge. White patches on vaginal walls
Vulvovaginal Candidasis, Yeast infection or candidiasis
Bacterial infection most commonly caused by haemophilus vaginalis or gardnerella vaginalis. Most common vaginal infection in females 14-49. not related to sexual activity. Is related to reduction in lactobacilli in the vaginal flora. Symptoms are thin white or grey discharge with fishy ordor, especially after sex
BActerial vaginosis
Name this STD: silent disease”. Male: penile discharge, dysuria, testicular edema or pain. Female: dysuria, urinary frequency, spotting/postcoital bleeding, vulvar itching, gray-white discharge, endocervical discharge & bleeding
Chlamydia
How is Chlamydia transmitted?
new/multiple sex partners. Bacterial infection caused by chlamydia trachomatis & most common STI in American women. May lead to PID if left untreated, causing infertility or ectopic pregnancy & premature labor/birth & postpartum endometritis.
STI: •Most women have no symptoms but may have burning on urination, increased purulent yellow-green vaginal discharge, or bleeding between periods. Rectal infection can cause anal itching, discharge, and bleeding. Males experience dysuria, testicular edema/pain, penile discharge that may be white, green, yellow, or clear & profuse at times. Can lead to PID if untreated.
Gonorrhea
How is gonorrhea transmitted?
Neisseria gonorrheae is the causative agent in this bacterial infection. Primarily spread by genial-to-genital contact, but also can be spread by anal-to-genital or oral-to-genital. Can be transmitted to newborn during delivery.
Risk factors for bacterial vaginosis
New or multiple sex partners, unprotected sexual practices
Education for vulvovaginal candidiasis
Avoid tight clothing
Wear cotton lined underpants
Remove damp clothing ASAP
Avoid douching
Increase dietary intake of yogurt with active cultures
Rule out diabetes if frequent. reoccurent infections
Treatment for Chlamydia
Doxycycline (Contraindicated if pregnant),
azithromycin or amoxicillin (Used during pregnancy), erythromycin (administered to all infants following delivery as prophylaxis).
Retest in 3 weeks after completing treatment. Identify & treat all exposed sexual partners & use barrier contraceptive each time.
Treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis
Topical therapies-recommended for pregnant clients
Fluconazole-for those who are not pregnant or lactating
Clotrimazole-OTC treatment
Treatment for bacterial vaginosis
Flagyl
Clinfamycin
Probiotic Lactobacilli
Gonorrhea treatment
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) IM &Azithromycin po. Treat all sexual partners. Administer erythromycin to all infants following delivery to prevent blindness.
How is Gonorrhea transmitted?
Neisseria gonorrheae is the causative agent in this bacterial infection. Primarily spread by genial-to-genital contact, but also can be spread by anal-to-genital or oral-to-genital. Can be transmitted to newborn during delivery.
Name this STI: Most women have no symptoms but may have burning on urination, increased purulent yellow-green vaginal discharge, or bleeding between periods. Rectal infection can cause anal itching, discharge, and bleeding. Males experience dysuria, testicular edema/pain, penile discharge that may be white, green, yellow, or clear & profuse at times. Can lead to PID if untreated.
Gonorrhea
