Population Flashcards
(11 cards)
methods that countries use to collect data on the population include?
Censuses
Government records (such as border control records)
Electoral roll (shows people of the voting age)
In China, the National Population Sample surveys
Civil registrations (birth, death and marriage certificates)
Health records (from GP practices etc.)
what is a census?
A census is a detailed survey performed by everyone in country (once every 10 years in the Uk) which contains questions on all types of thing from employment type to ethnicity. A form is provided to each household, and also to each adult of working age. In modern times, censuses have been online, but they used to come through the post, and before that enumerators would go around taking the survey.
what are some difficulties that may prevent a country from carrying out a census?
It is very expensive to conduct a census so countries that are still developing may not have enough money available to pay to conduct one
Remote areas such as much of Indonesia are very hard for enumerators to reach
War and conflict, for instance in Syria or Ukraine means that it is not safe for enumerators to enter all parts of the country
Many migrant or homeless people such as the Bedouin people mean that people may be missed or counted multiple times
Language barriers for example in Nigeria, with 6 major languages and hundreds of other, more enumerators must be employed who speak more languages and the census has to be translated in many languages
Sheer size of population can prevent countries such as China from taking a census
Literacy levels can cause issues, if people cannot read the census form the enumerators will have to help them fill it out
Censuses may become quickly inaccurate in counties with rapidly changing population numbers, due to birth rates, death rates or migration
what are the features of a youthful population structure?
large numbers of children, few elderly, high death rates and birth rates, reasonably high infant mortality
what are the advantages of a youthful population?
Large numbers of people available to join the armed forces
Much larger potential workforce that can attract international investment
Creation of many jobs in industries related to healthcare and education of children
what are the disadvantages of a youthful population?
More teachers must be trained in order to provide an adequate standard of education
Unless investment is made into maternity and infant healthcare, the infant mortality rate will be high due to too many babies for the health system to cater for
The large workforce may mean that unemployment is high due to less jobs being vacant
There will be a high number of youthful dependants
A greater demand for housing could lead to overcrowding and the creation of informal housing settlements
There may be a shortage of food available due to the rapid population growth occurring
management strategies for a youthful population?
Government supplied incentives that limit family size
Better farming strategies and supplies to improve food security
Improved access to education for women so that they are more likely to focus on their career and education that having a family young
Free and easily accessible contraceptive methods and sexual health education
Promotion of emigration by the government
what are the features of an aging population structure?
large number of elderly people, reduced number of children, low birth and death rates
advantages of an aging population?
Increased demand for products for the elderly such as stairlifts, boosting employment
Increased demand for housing for the elderly
A long life expectancy is evidenced so people may want to immigrate to the country because of this
disadvantages of an aging population?
It becomes increasingly difficult to provide satisfactory pensions
Greater investment is needed to train geriatric doctors and nurses
The age of retirement rises to account for the decreased number of people of working age
There are fewer people capable of joining the armed forces, so the country’s military is weakened
The workforce is much smaller, and there are not enough people for all of the jobs that have to be performed
management strategies for an aging population?
