Population Flashcards
(22 cards)
Agriculture revolution
The time when humans first began to domesticate plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering
Agriculture density
The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture
Arithmetic density
The total number of people divided by the total land area
Census
A complete numeration of a population
Crude birth rate
The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society
Crude death rate
The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society
Demographic transition
The process of change in a society’s populations from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth rates, low crude death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population
Demography
The scientific study of population characteristics
Dependency ratio
The number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force
Doubling time
The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase
Epidemiological transition
Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition
Epidemiology
Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that affect large numbers of people
Ecumene
The portion of earths surface occupied by permanent human settlement
Industrial revolution
A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of maufacturing goods
Infant mortality rate
Total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year old for every 1,000 live births in a society
Life expectancy
The avg. # of years an individual can be expected to live given current social, economic, and medical conditions.
-Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can be expected to live
Medical revolution
Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa
Natural increase rate
The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate
Overpopulation
The number of people in a area exceed the carrying capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living
Physiological density
The number of people per unit of arable land
Population pyramid
A bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex
Sex ratio
The number of males per 100 females
