Population Change

Question 1

Birth rate

Answer 1

The number of live births per 1000 people per year - e.g. 17/1000

Question 2

Brownfield sites

Answer 2

Sites that have previously been built on but have become available for new construction due to demolition or degradation of the old building.

Question 3

Census

Answer 3

An official registration of the number of people (and the valuation of their estate), for imposing taxes and other general statistics of the country. Usually done once every 5 years.

Question 4

Contractive pyramid

Answer 4

Population pyramid with quite a narrow base, showing recent decline in BR. (STAGE 3 DTM)

Question 5

Conurbation

Answer 5

One large continuous area created as a city grows, absorbing other towns.

Question 6

Death rate

Answer 6

Number of deaths per 1000 people per year

Question 7

Demographic transition

Answer 7

Changing relationship between BR, DR and total population (DTM)

Question 8

Dependancy ratio

Answer 8

The number of young and old people who rely on the economically active.

(% of

Question 9

Distribution of population

Answer 9

The way people are spread across an area

Question 10

Doubling time

Answer 10

Time take for population to double.

Divide growth rate% into 70 - e.g. growth rate 3.5 = 20 yrs doubling time

Question 11

Emigration

Answer 11

The outward movement of people that involves crossing an international boundary.

Question 12

Expanding pyramid

Answer 12

A population pyramid with a wide base showing a high BR. (LEDCs in Stage 2 DTM)

Question 13

Fertility

Answer 13

Number of live births per 1000 women aged 15-49 per year OR average number of children each woman will bear.

Replacement level = 2.1

Question 14

Forced migration

Answer 14

The migrant has no choice but to migrate due to their situation.

Question 15

Genocide

Answer 15

The deliberate and systematic killing of people who belong to the same group (racial, social etc..)

Question 16

Gentrification

Answer 16

Unplanned changes by which a family buy and renovate properties to re-sell and make a profit. The whole area improves and moves upmarket

Question 17

Green Belt

Answer 17

Area which surrounds a conurbation. Difficult to obtain planning permission here. Acts to stop the sprawl of conurbations.

Question 18

Immigration

Answer 18

The inward movement of people who have crossed an international boundary

Question 19

In-migration/ out-migration

Answer 19

The movement of people between places in one country

Question 20

IMR

Answer 20

The number of deaths of children who die on or before their 1st birthday, per 1000 live births per year.

Question 21

I filling

Answer 21

The use of open space within a conurbation to build new housing/services. Often near where the Green Belt limits growth

Question 22

Internal migration

Answer 22

The movement of people within one country

Question 23

International migration

Answer 23

The movement of people across national frontiers for a minimum of one year

Question 24

Life expectancy

Answer 24

The average age to which the population lives

Question 25

Longevity

Answer 25

The increase in LE over a long period of time. Direct result of improved services and healthcare. Creates an older population

Question 26

Lorenz curve

Answer 26

Graph that compares theoretical distribution with actual distribution.

Question 27

Malnutrition

Answer 27

Lack of proper nutrition due to an unbalanced diet

Question 28

Migration

Answer 28

Term for movement of people that involves a semi-permanent or permanent change of residence

Question 29

Natural change

Answer 29

Change in population size due to the relationship between BR and DR

Question 30

Natural increase/decrease

Answer 30

Difference between numbers of births and deaths for every 100 people. Expressed as %

Question 31

Net migration

Answer 31

The difference between the number of in-migrants and out-migrants

Question 32

Optimum population

Answer 32

Population at which the quality of life of the people is the highest possible at a given level of development

Question 33

Overpopulation

Answer 33

Any increase in population reduces the average quality of life

Question 34

Population density

Answer 34

The number of people in a given area - e.g. people/km2

Question 35

Population structure

Answer 35

The breakdown of a country's population - age and gender.

Question 36

Refugees

Answer 36

Forced migrants... In fear of persecution, war, famine etc ...

Question 37

Rural-urban and urban-rural migration

Answer 37

Movement of people in/out of cities to the countryside. Urbanisation or counter-urbanisation

Question 38

Social housing

Answer 38

Rental housing which may be owned by the state (not-for-profit organisations) with the aim of providing affordable housing

Question 39

Social welfare

Answer 39

The well being of communities. Access that people have to jobs, services, healthcare, education, clean environment etc...

Question 40

Studentification

Answer 40

When large family homes are too expensive so they move and the properties and subdivided and letted to students. This can downgrade the area as the area deteriorates

Question 41

Undernutrition

Answer 41

Below the minimum level of dietary calorie consumption

Question 42

Under population

Answer 42

When an increase in population could improve the average quality of life

Question 43

Voluntary migration

Answer 43

The migrant makes the decision to move

Question 44

Ageing

Answer 44

Population in which the proportion of people over 65 is increasing.