Population Change

Question 1

What factors affect population density (the number of people living in a certain area)?

Answer 1

• country size - number of jobs - resources - nateral occurrences - physical factors

Question 2

What is the death rate?

Answer 2

The number of deaths a year per 1000 people

Question 3

What is birth rate?

Answer 3

The number of births a year per 1000 people

Question 4

What is nateral decrease?

Answer 4

A fall in the population caused by lower birth rate than death rate

Question 5

What is nateral increase?

Answer 5

A rise in the population caused by lower death rate than birth rate

Question 6

What is natural change?

Answer 6

a change in population not caused by migration

Question 7

What are the causes of population change?

Answer 7

• Urbanisation - Education - Empowerment of women - change in agriculture

Question 8

What are the 5 stages of the demographic transition model?

Answer 8

High fluctuating (tribes), Early expanding (afghanistan), Late expanding (Brazil), low fluctuating (USA/UK), natural decrease (germany)

Question 9

What is the dependency ratio?

Answer 9

number of dependent people / number of independent people

Question 10

What are the impacts of an ageing population?

Answer 10

positives:
- contribute to economy
- voluntary work / looking after children
negatives:
- need expensive services
- expensive healthcare

Question 11

What is a push factor (+ example)

Answer 11

the reasons people leave an area.

- war - high crime rate - poverty

Question 12

What is a pull factor (+ example)

Answer 12

the reasons people move to a particular place

- high standard of living - better services - job availibility

Question 13

What are the benefits and drawbacks for the source country in migration?

Answer 13

\+ less stress on services 
\+ remittances (money sent back)
\+ lower unemployment 
- loss of skilled workers/ smaller workforce
- less tax

Question 14

What are the benefits and drawbacks for the recipient country in migration?

Answer 14

+ increased workforce + skilled workers
+ cultural diversity
- social tension
- new methods/services needed

Question 15

What is global population?

Answer 15

the number of people on the planet

Question 16

What is an example of stage 1 (high fluctuating)

Answer 16

tribes

Question 17

What is an example of stage 2 (early expanding)

Answer 17

afghanistan

Question 18

What is an example of stage 3 (late expanding)

Answer 18

brazil

Question 19

What is an example of stage 4 (low fluctuating)

Answer 19

USA/UK

Question 20

What is an example of stage 5 (natural decrease)

Answer 20

Germany

Question 21

How does urbanisation cause population change?

Answer 21

• impacts birth and death rates

- increased access to medical care decrease in infant mortality and deaths

Question 22

How does education cause population change?

Answer 22

• family planning education reduces family sizes

- enables career choices for more skilled jobs improving quality of life

Question 23

How does agricultural changes cause population change?

Answer 23

• not as much child labour because new machinery resulting in smaller families
• increased supply of food reduces famine deaths

Question 24

How does empowerment of women cause population change?

Answer 24

• more adoption and abortions

- university and work reduce the number of children

Question 25

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Answer 25

stage 1

Question 26

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Answer 26

Stage 2

Question 27

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Answer 27

Stage 4

Question 28

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Answer 28

Stage 4

Question 29

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Answer 29

Stage 5

Question 30

How can populatipon decline impact on economic development?

Answer 30

reduces the workforce and reduces the amount of tax payers meaning the economy has less money

Question 31

solutions to ageing populations: raising retirement age (sustainable)

Answer 31

- means they pay tax longer + the government do not have to pay their pension - people may not want to work longer

Question 32

solutions to ageing populations: raising taxes (sustainable)

Answer 32

- gives more money to pay for elderly peoples pensions | - would not have good political effects

Question 33

solutions to ageing populations: encouraging immigration of young workers (not sustainable)

Answer 33

- pay taxes + increase the work force

Question 34

solutions to ageing populations: encouraging large families with cash incentives (not sustainable)

Answer 34

- the population would have more young workers | - the population may become too bif

Question 35

What are the positive impacts of migration for the source country?

Answer 35

- more jobs for remaining people - less services/care costs - more oppurtunities

Question 36

What are the positive impacts of migration for the receiving country?

Answer 36

- larger workforce - greater culture diversity - cheaper workforce - more people of working age + more skills - all jobs are filled

Question 37

What are the negative impacts of migration for the source country?

Answer 37

- fewer tax payers - high dependency - lack of skills

Question 38

What are the negative impacts of migration for the receiving country?

Answer 38

- higher care costs - social tension - stress on services - not enough housing - food/supply issues - language barriers

Question 39

What problems does migration to the EU cause?

Answer 39

- social tension - decreased tourism - providing food and shelter costs a lot of money

Question 40

exponential population growth

Answer 40

as the population has got larger the growth is faster.