Population Distrubution Flashcards
(21 cards)
Physical key points on where and why people would live there
Climate-too hot can’t grow or get enough water
Soils- infertile soils can’t produce anything no food
Relief-steepness if land is too steep hard to build on
Natural resources- lack of coal oil and gas, which provide jobs for money
Location for trades if too far away from coast or where there is no transport links can be hard to trade
What does a wide base indicate
A large birth rate
What does a narrow middle indicate
High death rate
Why are birth rates high in developing countries
No contraception
Lack of sex ed
Old parents rely on kids to work
High infant mortality(death rates)
Women get married young
Why is death rates high in developing counties
Very little access to good medication
Lack of nutrition and clean water
Not enough doctors
Poor housing
Poor working conditions
What does a narrow base tell us
Low birth rate
A wide middle base indicates
A low death rate
Why is birth rate low in developed countries
Women get married later
Sex ed is provided
Access to contraception
Families don’t need kids to work
Kids are expensive
Women are given better opportunities
Religion is not as important-they use contraception
Infant mortality is low
Good pensions children aren’t needed for looking after elderly
Why is life expectancy high in developed countries
Good medications and drugs
Lots of doctors
Proper nutritious food
Clean water
Good working conditions
Children are vaccinated
What are some problems with a rapidly growing population in developed countries
Lack of jobs-unemployment
Not enough schools
Lack of housing
What are some low death rate problems in developed countries
Pension costs go up
Nursing homes are full
What are some disadvantages of a low birth rate
Shortage of workers in future
Shortage of skilled workers
Less tax payers government looses money
Retirement age increased
Taxes increased
What are some social indicators
Life expectancy
Infant mortality
Literacy rate
Economical indicators
Political stability
Electricity consumption
GNP
AVARGE INCOME
Factors which affect development
War
Unfair trade
Jobs safety
Social reasons for low death
Medical-doctors nurses
Social-condoms
Diet-housing,diet
Low birth rate in developed countries
Family planning
Contraception
Expensive children
Large families
People getting married later
What are the 5 stages of the demographic transition model
STAGE 1 –
HIGH BIRTH RATE & HIGH DEATH RATE
LOW & STABLE POULATION (BR = DR)
E.g. Poorest regions of developing countries (Amazonian Tribes)
STAGE 2 -
HIGH BIRTH RATE BUT DECREASING DEATH RATE
E.g. Poorest developing countries eg Ethiopia, Somalia
STAGE 3 –
LOWER DEATH RATE & DECREASING BIRTH RATE
BUT POPULATION CONTINUES TO GROW AS BIRTH RATE>DEATH RATE
E.g. More advanced developing countries eg India, Brazil
STAGE 4 –
LOW BIRTH RATE & LOW DEATH RATE
POPULATION IS HIGH
Eg. Developed countries eg UK, USA
STAGE 5 - IN FUTURE
BIRTH RATE MAY FALL BELOW DEATH RATE SO TOTAL POPULATION WILL DECREASE.
Currently this JAPAN
How to reduce birth rate in developing countries
Provide access to contraception e.g. free condoms.
- Improve education about family planning for adults in local health centres
- Provide sex education in schools. (explain why)
- Improve education for women and encourage them to have careers thus encourage women to marry older.
- Improve healthcare to reduce Infant Mortality: explain why
- Strict government policies which promote small families
- Ban child labour so children cannot earn money
Solutions to ageing population
Encourage people to have more kids by the following ideas
a) Reduce taxes for families
b) Increase Child Benefit (Government gives money to parents)
c) Better maternity pay for women
- Raise the age of retirement
- Encourage retired people to work part time
- Allow more migrants into country to do unpopular jobs.
- Encourage mums to work part time
- Increase taxes for working people
Why is death rate low in developing countries
Medical-better tech
Good housing
Good food
