population dynamics Flashcards
(16 cards)
what is birth rate?
the number of births per 1000 people in a year
what is death rate?
the number of deaths per 1000 people in a year
what is natural increase?
The difference between the birth rate and death rate (when birth rate is higher than death rate)
natural decrease
The difference between the birth rate and death rate (when death rate is higher than birth rate).
infant mortality rate
The number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births per year.
life expectancy
The average number of years a person is expected to live based on current mortality rates.
overpopulation
When there are too many people in an area relative to the available resources, leading to poor living conditions.
underpopulation
when there are too few people in an area to use the resources available effectively
optimum population
the best balance between a population and the resources available to it
population density
The number of people living per square kilometer.
(population/area)
population distribution
The way people are spread out across a region or country.
population explosion
A sudden and rapid increase in the world’s population due to high birth rates and falling death rates.
ageing population
A population with a high proportion of elderly people due to low birth rates and high life expectancy.
dependency ratio
The ratio of dependents (young and elderly) to the working-age population.
pro-natalist policy
A government policy designed to encourage people to have more children
anti-natalist policy
A government policy designed to reduce birth rates
