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population dynamics Flashcards

(16 cards)

1
Q

what is birth rate?

A

the number of births per 1000 people in a year

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2
Q

what is death rate?

A

the number of deaths per 1000 people in a year

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3
Q

what is natural increase?

A

The difference between the birth rate and death rate (when birth rate is higher than death rate)

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4
Q

natural decrease

A

The difference between the birth rate and death rate (when death rate is higher than birth rate).

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5
Q

infant mortality rate

A

The number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births per year.

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6
Q

life expectancy

A

The average number of years a person is expected to live based on current mortality rates.

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7
Q

overpopulation

A

When there are too many people in an area relative to the available resources, leading to poor living conditions.

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8
Q

underpopulation

A

when there are too few people in an area to use the resources available effectively

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9
Q

optimum population

A

the best balance between a population and the resources available to it

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10
Q

population density

A

The number of people living per square kilometer.

(population/area)

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11
Q

population distribution

A

The way people are spread out across a region or country.

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12
Q

population explosion

A

A sudden and rapid increase in the world’s population due to high birth rates and falling death rates.

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13
Q

ageing population

A

A population with a high proportion of elderly people due to low birth rates and high life expectancy.

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14
Q

dependency ratio

A

The ratio of dependents (young and elderly) to the working-age population.

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15
Q

pro-natalist policy

A

A government policy designed to encourage people to have more children

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16
Q

anti-natalist policy

A

A government policy designed to reduce birth rates