Population Dynamics Flashcards
(22 cards)
mutualism
A relationship between two species in which both benefit
Example of mutualism
Fungi and algae make up lichen. The algae photosynthesise and provide organic materials and the fungi create a moist environment for algae and anchor it to place to prosper.
Parasitism
A relationship between two species in which one benefits and the other is harmed
example of parasitism
the human tapeworm infers the intestinal tract. it feasts on the nutrients of the food consumed and the human loses vitamins and minerals and can suffer malnutrition
Commensalism
A relationship between two species in which one is benefited and the other is neither harmed nor benefitted
example of commensalism
Remora fish attach to sharks, they are in a protected location and collect food scraps, the shark gets little from this relationship
Allelopathy
Release of chemical substances by one species to inhibit the growth of another`
example of allelopathy
Penicillin releases a mould to fight off bacteria
Competition
A relationship between two species when they must fight over a limited resource, usually food, water, territory
example of competition
Mountain lions fight over limited population of deer.
Predator - prey
A relationship between two species in which one is benefited and the other is disadvantaged
example of predator - prey
owl and mouse
bear and fish
Autotroph
Organism that creates its own food
- chemosynthesis
- photosynthesis
Chemosynthesis
make their food from hydrothermal vents, use chemicals
photosynthesis
convert sunlight into food
producer
is an autotroph eg; Grass, algae, phytoplankton
primary consumers
herbivores eat producers
secondary consumers
carnivores and omnivores eat primary consumer
tertiary consumers
eat secondary consumers
Quaternary consumers
Eat tertiary consumers
How does the food chain end
top predators with no natural enemies
detrivores
eat dead organisms
