Population Ecology

Question 1

Population

Answer 1

All the individuals of a species that live together in an area

Question 2

Demography

Answer 2

The statistical study of populations, allows predictions to be made about the change in populations.

Question 3

Size

Answer 3

number of individuals in an area

Question 4

Density

Answer 4

Measurement of population per unit area or unit volume

Question 5

Density equation

Answer 5

Number of individuals / unit of space

Question 6

Dispersion

Answer 6

Clumped - all together in groups (ex. schools of fish)

Random - a bit spread out (ex. weeds)

Uniform - evenly spread out, human involvment (ex. rows of corn)

Question 7

Natural population growth rate (excludes migration)

Answer 7

Birth rate (natality) - Death Rate (mortality)

Question 8

Total population growth (includes migration)

Answer 8

(birth rate + immigration) − (death rate + emigration)

Question 9

Density-dependant factors

Answer 9

factors in the environment that have an effect as population increases (diseases, parasites, competition) it happens because of population (density).

Question 10

Density - independent factors

Answer 10

factors that happen regardless of population (density) like temperature, weather, natural disasters.

Question 11

biotic

Answer 11

living things

Question 12

abiotic

Answer 12

non living things

Question 13

How are populations measured?

Answer 13

Population density
Count all individuals (size)
Estimate by sampling

Question 14

Carrying capacity

Answer 14

the maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources.

Question 15

Factors limiting growth rate

Answer 15

limited food
build up of toxic wastes
increased disease
predators

Question 16

Bioaccumulation

Answer 16

the more the individual consumes a chemical (metal ect.) the more it stays in your body causing ex. cancer.

Question 17

Biomagnification

Answer 17

magnifies as it goes up the food chain. the toxins are transfered through animals.

Question 18

R - strategists

Answer 18

short life span
small body size
reproduce quickly
have many young babies
little parental care
ex. cockroaches, weeds, bacteria, flies

Question 19

K - strategists

Answer 19

long life span
large body size
reproduce slowly
have few young babies
provides parental care
ex. humans, elephants, giraffes.

Question 20

exponential growth

Answer 20

constantly increasing growth rate

Question 21

logistic growth

Answer 21

starts rapidly and then slows down as the population reaches it’s carrying capacity.