Population Genetics

Question 1

Group of organisms of the same species living close to and mating with one another

Answer 1

population

Question 2

changes in allele frequency in a population

Answer 2

evolution

Question 3

allele frequency

Answer 3

copies of an allele/ total

Question 4

If all allele frequencies remain – over many generations, there is no evolution

Answer 4

unchanged

Question 5

What causes allele frequencies to change?

Answer 5

mutations, migration, genetic drift, natural selection

Question 6

mutation is a direct alteration of an –

Answer 6

allele

Question 7

new individuals with different alleles move into new population (or others leave)

Answer 7

migration

Question 8

random change in allele frequency

Answer 8

genetic drift

Question 9

allele frequency may change due to small number of progeny just by –

Answer 9

chance

Question 10

In large populations, changes in allele frequency tend to –

Answer 10

cancel each other out

Question 11

natural selection’s 3 parts

Answer 11

variation, heritability, and

differential reproductive success

Question 12

Hardy (English) and Weinberg (German) derived a simple equation to explain why dominant alleles don’t – in frequency with time

Answer 12

increase

Question 13

HWE ideal population =

Answer 13

large size
random mating
genetically static
no migration
no mutation
no selection

Question 14

Null hypothesis:

Answer 14

observed and expected values are not significantly different from one another

Question 15

Degrees of freedom in HWE equations

Answer 15

1 (only 2 classes p and q)

Question 16

Mutations – arise all the time to create new alleles

Answer 16

spontaneously

Question 17

If there is a survival advantage to the individual with the mutation, the allele frequency in the population will increase

Answer 17

selection/selective advantage